Effect of topical brinzolamide on visual function and waveform in patients of infantile nystagmus syndrome: A randomized control trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (brinzolamide) versus placebo on visual function and waveforms in infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS).

Design: Prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over study.

Methods: Setting- A tertiary eye care center.

Evaluation of Visual Cortex Activity Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Primary Open Angle and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma: A Pilot Study.

Prcis: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to assess visual cortical activity in patients with primary open angle (POAG) and primary angle closure (PACG) glaucomas. There was decreased activity in the visual cortex of glaucoma patients correlating with the severity of glaucoma.

Objective: To evaluate visual cortex activity using fNIRS in POAG and PACG compared with healthy controls.

Changes in confocal microscopy in glaucoma patients after intraocular pressure reduction with medical therapy.

Purpose: Topical glaucoma medication is the first line of management to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma. In this study, we intended to compare the ultrastructural findings of the cornea in patients with glaucoma before and after the reduction of the IOP through confocal microscopy.

Methods: Ten patients (19 eyes) with newly diagnosed glaucoma were recruited from the glaucoma services of our tertiary care center.

Efficacy of Micropulse Laser Cyclophotocoagulation Therapy in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma.

Prcis: In primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), micropulse cyclophotocoagulation resulted in a significant reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of antiglaucoma medications without any sight-threatening complications. However, the IOP lowering efficacy decreased over time.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of micropulse trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) in PACG.

Primary congenital glaucoma: An iridotrabeculodysgenesis?

Purpose: To analyze primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) anterior chamber and angle anomalies over 360° as possible biomarkers of severity and prognosis.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted analyzing anterior segment anomalies of PCG patients over 4 years of age who underwent trabeculectomy combined with trabeculotomy and age-matched controls using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT), CASIA-2. Anterior iridotrabecular adhesions or anterior iris insertion was identified and quantified from the scleral spur using the iridotrabecular contact (ITC) index parameter as a surrogate.

A quantitative trait GWAS on lens thickness identifies novel risk loci on in the narrow angle individuals susceptible to PACG.

Purpose: PACG is one of the leading causes of blindness where lens thickness is a major risk factor for narrow-angle individuals. To our knowledge, no literature has been reported on candidate gene for lens thickness as a quantitative trait (QT). Here, we performed a genome-wide association analysis on lens thickness in the narrow-angle individuals.

Analysis of the Systemic Exposure of Mitomycin C Used in Glaucoma Filtering Surgery Among Women in the Reproductive Age Group.

Purpose: Systemic absorbtion of topically applied mitomycin C (MMC) during trabeculectomy needs to be evaluated to look for any systemic toxicity, which might be a major concern in certain conditions like pregnancy.

Methods: After obtaining ethical committee clearance, female patients in the reproductive age group undergoing trabeculectomy with MMC were included. Pregnant/lactating patients, patients with any systemic illness were excluded.

Evaluation of visual field changes with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate visual field changes in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness on optical coherence tomography.

Methods: In this cross-sectional, observational study, consecutive PCG children who underwent combined trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy and on regular follow-up were enrolled. All patients were aged over four years and co-operative for RNFL OCT and visual field examination.

Effect of legislation and changing trends of Diwali ocular firecracker injuries in Northern India.

Objective: The objective of this study is to study the impact of temporary legislation implemented during Diwali on ocular firecracker injuries in Delhi-National Capital Region (NCR) region.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, records of the patients presenting with ocular firecracker injury during 10 days of Diwali (prediwali, Diwali and 8 days postdiwali) from 2014 to 2019 were retreived from the medical record section. Clinico-demographic profile, relevant history pertaining to the use of firecracker, and details of eye examination, namely presenting visual acuity (VA), laterality and classification of injury based on Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System were noted.

Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Intraocular Pressure in Patients With Ocular Hypertension: A Randomized Control Trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT).

Design: Parallel arm, single masked, randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Sixty patients with ocular hypertension and IOP > 21 and < 30 mmHg were recruited at a tertiary eye care centre in India.

Case Report: Pediatric Ocular Ischemia and Neovascular Glaucoma in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Significance: Neovascular glaucoma is an important subset of secondary glaucoma in neurofibromatosis patients. Vasculopathy of the ophthalmic circulation needs to be borne in mind while evaluating their etiology.

Purpose: This study aimed to report the presentation, diagnostic work-up and management of an unusual case of neovascular glaucoma in a child.

Beneficial effect of mindfulness based stress reduction on optic disc perfusion in primary open angle glaucoma: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. Next to intraocular pressure (IOP), vascular factors play a major role in glaucoma. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been shown to reduce the IOP, normalize the stress biomarkers, modulate gene expression, and also improve the quality of life.

A genomewide association study on individuals with occludable angles identifies potential risk loci for intraocular pressure.

Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies and is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major subtype, prevalent mostly in east and south Asia, where occludable anterior chamber angle is considered as a primary risk factor, which in turn could be responsible for high intraocular pressure (IOP) and subsequent neurodegeneration of retinal ganglion cells. Clinically, IOP is considered as a major risk factor for glaucoma and viewed as an important endophenotype to promote the disease severity.

Long-term perimetric stabilization with a management algorithm of set target intraocular pressure in different severities of primary angle-closure glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate long-term perimetric stabilization at set Target (IOPs) in primary angle-closure glaucoma with visual field defects.

Methods: Two hundred forty-eight eyes, of 124 primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) patients on medical treatment, and 124 eyes, of 95 patients after trabeculectomy performed at least 5 years prior were evaluated. One hundred eighty-five eyes had a follow-up of ≥10 years.

Role of spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and prognosis of papilledema.

Purpose: The study of papilledema with a novel noninvasive technique such as spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides minute and detailed cross-sectional changes thus giving an insight into the application of biomechanical principles and pathophysiology of disc edema.

Methods: We measured average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane (RPE/BM) angle at the temporal and nasal borders of the neural canal opening (NCO) in 30 eyes with papilledema, 30 eyes with papillitis, and 80 control eyes. The inward angulation was considered as positive and the outward as negative.

Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography-Guided Bleb-sparing Epithelial Exchange: A Modified Approach.

With the advent of newer technologies, real-time anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) integrated with the operating microscope has become possible. We are proposing the technique of bleb revision with greater precision under direct visualization of bleb anatomy and extent of tissue depth allowing better localization and easy maneuvering with lesser complications. In this surgical technique, bleb revision was performed using intraoperative real-time OCT incorporated in OPMI LUMERA 700 microscope.

Improving long-term intraocular pressure and visual outcomes in eyes with aniridic glaucoma.

Purpose: To study the long-term intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual outcomes in treated aniridic glaucoma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients with aniridia and glaucoma, with ≥ 2-year follow-up, was performed. Eyes in early glaucomatous stages were medically managed, while moderate-severe stage eyes underwent a trabeculectomy with mitomycin-c (MMC).

Evaluating target intraocular pressures in primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term intraocular pressures that provide stabilization/reversal of glaucomatous neuropathy after surgery in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: Prospective evaluation of consecutive PCG patients who underwent trabeculectomy-trabeculotomy and followed up for ≥2 years. Records of regularly performed examination under anesthesia were maintained to ascertain intraocular pressure, (IOP), fundus, refraction and corneal diameter.

Altered spontaneous cortical activity in mild glaucoma: A quantitative EEG study.

Functional neuroimaging studies have reported alterations in cortical activity indicating glaucoma as a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Hence the current study aimed to assess the cortical activity using high-density EEG in patients with mild glaucoma during resting state. Treatment-naive 37 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), 34 patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and 32 healthy controls were included in the study.

Efficacy of Trabeculectomy Combined With Limited Deep Sclerectomy Versus Trabeculectomy Alone: A Randomized-controlled Trial.

Prcis: The addition of limited deep sclerectomy (LDS) to conventional trabeculectomy increases the success rate, especially in pseudophakic eyes.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LDS in enhancing the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering outcomes of trabeculectomy.

Design: This was a parallel-arm, single-masked, randomized-controlled trial.

Circumpapillary optical coherence tomography angiography differences in perimetrically affected and unaffected hemispheres in primary open-angle glaucoma and the preperimetric fellow eye.

Purpose: Evaluation of circumpapillary vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTa) in mild-moderate glaucoma patients having unilateral visual field defects, with their fellow eyes and controls.

Methods: Both eyes of 24 patients having a definitive nasal step or arcuate scotoma in one hemisphere of one eye only, and 24 controls, underwent OCTa.

Results: In eyes with a superior field defect, the superior/inferior quadrant ratios, (SQ/IQ) of 3 mm scan of VD and PD were significantly higher in eyes with a superior arcuate scotoma than fellow eyes (P = 0.

Haplotype-based genomic analysis reveals novel association of genic region with primary angle closure glaucoma.

Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. The underlying genetic aetiology is complex in nature and molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we identify genomic alterations using haplotype-based genome-wide association study in 148 PACG and 92 anatomically predisposed non-glaucomatous individuals.