Grossing and reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens: An evidence-based approach.

Radical prostatectomy (RP) constitutes the primary treatment option for patients with clinically localized, biopsy-proven prostate cancer that requires local treatment with curative intent. Accurate reporting of radical prostatectomy specimens is required to guide further risk stratification and management of patients. Hence, for the handling and reporting of RP specimens, a standardized protocol should be followed.

Gross reporting of adult kidney tumor specimens: A comprehensive evidence-based review.

Renal tumors comprise a wide spectrum of benign and malignant tumors. The important prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma include pathological stage, tumor grade, morphological type, sarcomatoid/rhabdoid differentiation, and tumor necrosis. Therefore, the pathologist needs to be fully aware of how to gross nephrectomy specimens to be able to accurately provide the above prognostic information while reporting adult kidney tumors.

Grossing and reporting of testicular tumor specimens : An evidence-based approach.

The majority of testicular tumors are germ cell tumors (GCTs), but there are numerous other types, making testicular tumors one of the most diverse areas of human pathology, despite their relative rarity. Testicular tumors are usually diagnosed only after radical surgery, as biopsies are not performed. Further management of the patient is dependent on the diagnosis at microscopy, which itself is based on the sections taken at the time of grossing the specimen.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Frozen Section and Its Influence on Intraoperative Management of Indeterminate Epithelial Ovarian Tumors.

The objective of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of frozen section in detecting epithelial ovarian tumor histological types and its effect on management. A retrospective review was done of all patients who had an intraoperative frozen section for an indeterminate ovarian tumor over a six-year period. The reference standard was final histology.

The Impact of Narrow Band Imaging in the Detection and Resection of Bladder Tumor in Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Prospective, Blinded, Sequential Intervention Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To determine the impact of Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) in detection and resection of tumors during transurethral resection of bladder cancer.

Materials And Methods: This was a single center randomized prospective interventional study with a sequential intervention design. Patients with bladder tumors were randomized into 2 arms where they were resected under white light (WL) first followed by NBI in arm A, or NBI followed by WL in arm B.

Is there a role for second transurethral resection in pTa high-grade urothelial bladder cancer?

Introduction: Evidence for second transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) for pTa high-grade lesions is limited. This study aims to examine the role of a second TURBT in the pTa high-grade group and to generate recurrence and progression data for this group.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively studied the clinical profiles and outcomes of all patients diagnosed with high-grade pTa lesions at first TURBT, between the years 2006-2015.

Does asymptomatic prostatic inflammation alter the outcome of transurethral resection of prostate?

Introduction: There is contradictory evidence in literature with respect to the association of asymptomatic prostatic inflammation on biopsy with complications of Transurethral Resection of Prostate. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of prostatitis in biopsy specimens of patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate with bladder neck contracture (the primary end point) and other complications.

Material And Methods: Patients who had undergone transurethral resection at a single centre between 2005 and 2010, with a minimum of 3 months follow-up were included.

Role of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Derived Parameters as Imaging Biomarkers and Correlation with Clinicopathological Features in Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix.

Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is emerging as a powerful tool in the evaluation and management of cervical cancer. The role of Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) with Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) as a non-invasive imaging biomarker is promising in characterization of the tumour and prediction of response.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of conventional MRI and diffusion weighted MRI in predicting clinicopathological prognostic factors.

Angioleiomyoma of Uterus: A Clinicopathologic Study of 6 Cases.

Background And Objectives: Angioleiomyoma is a benign perivascular neoplasm commonly involving subcutaneous tissue of extremities, head, and trunk region. They rarely involve the female genital tract. This study analyses clinicopathological features of 6 cases of uterine angioleiomyoma.

Gastric Glomus Tumour Misdiagnosed as Gastric Carcinoid: An Unfamiliar Entity with Aids to Diagnosis and Review of Literature.

Glomus tumour (GT) is a rare mesenchymal tumour of the stomach with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST), leiomyoma and schwannoma being far more common and comprising more than 90% of all gastric mesenchymal tumours. As glomus bodies are located in the peripheral parts of the human body, these tumours are peripherally located, classically the subungual region, hands, feet and trunk. While being evaluated for renal problems, a middle aged lady was incidentally found to have a gastric tumour.

Amplification of mtDNA control region in opportunistically collected bird samples belonging to nine families of the order Passeriformes.

We describe six sets of primers for amplifying the mitochondrial control region (CR) of various bird species belonging to nine families of the order Passeriformes. These overlapping primers, with both short and long fragments, yielded an approximately 1 kb fragment of the CR. The short length of the amplified product makes the primers suitable for degraded DNA samples.

Giant seminal vesicle cyst: an unusual site for a malignant extragastrointestinal stromal tumour.

Mesenchymal tumours with clinicopathological and molecular profiles similar to gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are, on occasion, found in extragastrointestinal locations. Extra GIST (EGIST) is a singular occurrence in the genitourinary tract. A 30-year-old man, catheterised following urinary retention, was found to have a complex pelvic retrovesical cyst on imaging.

Role of conventional and diffusion weighted MRI in predicting treatment response after low dose radiation and chemotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma cervix.

Background And Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of conventional and diffusion weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting response in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Materials And Methods: Total 24 patients with stage IIB-IIIB squamous cell carcinoma cervix were treated with initial two cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin and concurrent low dose radiotherapy prior to standard chemoradiation. Response was assessed clinically and radiologically after 3 weeks of initial treatment.

Primary renal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in a young man.

Neuroendocrine tumours are usually located in the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract. A 23-year-old man was evaluated for loss of weight and a palpable left loin mass. CECT showed a large heterogeneously enhancing mass with calcification arising from the left kidney.

Synchronous presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia with carcinoma penis: a rare presentation.

We report here a case of 52-year-old male presenting with penile ulcer. On evaluation, he was diagnosed to have Carcinoma penis with concurrent CML in chronic phase. Clinical examination showed pallor, bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy, bilateral pitting pedal oedema and hepatosplenomegaly.

Renal arteriovenous malformation with inferior vena caval extension mimicking renal cell carcinoma.

A young lady presented with complaints of right flank pain and a palpable mass. On contrast-enhanced tomography (CECT), a renal mass with extension into the inferior vena cava (IVC) - suggestive of renal cell carcinoma - was diagnosed and she underwent radical nephrectomy with en bloc excision of the IVC thrombus. Histopathology revealed a benign arteriovenous malformation that had extended into the IVC.

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the adrenal gland: A rare entity.

Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is an uncommon tumor and the overall incidence is 1% of all sarcomas. PNET of the adrenal gland is an even rarer entity. A 37-year-old female was evaluated for an episode of loin pain.

Primary renal angiosarcoma.

Primary angiosarcoma of the kidney is a rare tumor with only a few case reports in the literature. Management is not standardized and the prognosis is poor. However, clinicians need to be aware of this uncommon entity.

Extramedullary hematopoiesis in the adrenal: Case report and review of literature.

Extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH) is common in the spleen, liver and lymph nodes, or in para osseus sites. EMH in the adrenal is rare, with fewer than 10 cases reported. We report the case of a 40-year-old male who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy for an incidentally detected adrenal mass.

Metanephric stromal tumour: A rare pediatric benign stromal specific renal neoplasm.

A case of incidentally detected Metanephric Stromal Tumour (MST) is reported here. This is a rare, recently recognized pediatric benign stromal specific renal neoplasm. A review of the English literature revealed only five cases after its original description by Argani et al.

Discriminating thyroid cancers from benign lesions based on differential expression of a limited set of miRNA using paraffin embedded tissues.

Background: Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and are known to demonstrate differential expression even among the various subtypes of a given tumor. This differential expression has been harnessed successfully in the development of diagnostic assays for various malignant tumors. These assays have been found to be relevant and of value as additional diagnostic tools even among thyroid tumors, particularly with regard to thyroid carcinomas of follicular morphology.

Benign metastasising leiomyoma after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.

Benign metastasising leiomyomatosis is a rare condition affecting women in the reproductive age-group with a history of uterine fibroids, who have undergone treatment by myomectomy or hysterectomy. It is characterised by development of multiple, indolent, smooth muscle tumours outside the uterus, most commonly in the lungs, and manifests several years after the uterine surgery. We describe the case of a young woman, who had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for multiple fibroids and a right ovarian cyst.