Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Glomerular Disease: A Contemporary Case Series.

Rationale & Objective: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) intake is widely prevalent in many parts of India. Heavy metals are known ingredients in some of these formulations. We studied the spectrum of glomerular diseases in patients using CAM.

A Pilot Study on the Safety and Adequacy of a Novel Ecofriendly Hemodialysis Prescription-Green Nephrology.

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) units require large quantities of water. To reduce water consumption without compromising the adequacy and safety of dialysis, we studied a novel HD prescription with high temperature and low flow dialysate.

Methods: This was a single-center nonrandomized open-label cross-over pilot trial in patients with end-stage kidney disease on maintenance HD.

Efficacy of Corticosteroids in Infection-Related Glomerulonephritis-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is associated with glomerular immune complex deposition along with complement activation. Steroids may attenuate glomerular injury and thereby improve renal outcomes.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients who had biopsy-proven IRGN and serum creatinine greater than 1.

Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis.

Introduction: Several months into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there remains a paucity of data on the behavior of the disease in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Here, we describe the clinical presentations, biochemical profile, and outcomes of 183 such patients from a large tertiary-care center in South India.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, observational study, included all patients with COVID-19 and ESKD who received at least one session of hemodialysis at our center, from the start of the outbreak to July 9, 2020.

Efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma therapy in SARS-CoV2 patients on hemodialysis.

Background: The passive immunization of patients with SARS-CoV2 with convalescent plasma (CP) is theoretically beneficial in patients with end-stage renal disease who are immunosuppressed and unable to mount an adequate immune response. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CP in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis with moderate-to-severe SARS-CoV2 infection.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in consecutive 68 moderate-to-severe SARS-CoV2 infected patients who were on maintenance hemodialysis or with acute worsening of chronic kidney disease which required initiation of hemodialysis.

A clinical study on the changing dynamics of disease severity, management strategies and outcomes of COVID-19 in patients requiring haemodialysis.

Introduction: In this observational study, we describe the change in the clinical profile and outcome of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) over the course of the outbreak, among patients requiring dialysis, including chronic haemodialysis therapy.

Methods: This is a single-centre prospective observational study of patients with COVID-19 (as confirmed by RT-PCR) and renal failure requiring haemodialysis. Their clinical profiles and outcomes were analysed, vis-à-vis the changing disease severity.

Snake envenomation-induced acute kidney injury: prognosis and long-term renal outcomes.

Background: Snake bite continues to be a significant cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in India. There is paucity of data regarding long-term outcomes of such patients. In this study, we aim to assess the prognosis and long-term renal outcomes of such patients.

Use of Remdesivir in Patients With COVID-19 on Hemodialysis: A Study of Safety and Tolerance.

Background: There are scarce data regarding the use of remdesivir in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and end-stage renal disease as US Food and Drug Administration cautions against its use in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min/1.73m unless the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks. We studied the compassionate use and safety profile of remdesivir in patients with end-stage renal disease and moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Hansen's disease with lepra reaction presenting with IgA dominant infection related glomerulonephritis.

Various renal abnormalities in leprosy have been described largely in literature but the occurrence of IgA dominant infection related glomerulonephritis in leprosy with type 2 lepra reaction has not been reported so far. We present here a 60-year-old man with a history of leprosy in the past admitted with type 2 lepra reaction, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with severe renal failure requiring dialysis and diagnosed to have IgA dominant infection related glomerulonephritis.

The safety and efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in children and adolescents with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome: a single-centre study.

Background: Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) patients experience frequent relapse or adverse effects on long-term treatment with steroids or cyclophosphamide. This study assessed the efficacy and side effect profile of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) therapy in children with nephrotic syndrome in our population.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on children with SDNS who were on MMF therapy for a minimum period of 1 year, and were on regular follow-up in the Department of Nephrology at the Institute of Child Health and hospital for children attached to Madras Medical College.

Proliferative Glomerulonephritis with Monoclonal IgG Deposits.

Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal IgG deposits (PGNMID) is a recently described disorder that belongs to the class of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance with the incidence of 0.17%. Monoclonal IgG deposits in glomeruli can produce a proliferative glomerulonephritis that mimics immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis by light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM).

A study of prevalence and correlates of nonadherence to immunosuppressive medications in renal transplant recipients of South Indian population and their impact on long-term graft function.

Nonadherence to immunosuppressant medications leading onto poor graft outcome is frequent among renal transplant recipients. In this study, we sought to assess the prevalence and correlates of nonadherence to immunosuppressants and its impact on graft function. A singlecenter, retrospective cum cross-sectional study of renal transplant recipients of age >18 years and who had completed at least six months after transplantation was performed.

Crescentic infection related glomerulonephritis in adult and its outcome.

The epidemiology of infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is changing in recent times both in developed and developing nations. Although published studies showed renal outcome in adult IRGN was not as benign as in children, literature regarding clinical profile and outcome of crescentic form of adult IRGN is scarce; hence, we aimed to study the clinical profile of crescentic IRGN. We conducted a retrospective observational study in patients with crescentic IRGN in adults at the Department of Nephrology, Madras medical college, Chennai between 2009 and 2014.

Clinical profile and outcome of pigment-induced nephropathy.

Background: Pigment nephropathy represents one of the most severe complications of rhabdomyolysis or hemolysis.

Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study to analyze the etiology, clinical manifestation, laboratory profile and outcome in patients with biopsy-proven pigment-induced nephropathy between January 2011 and December 2016. History, clinical examination findings, laboratory investigations and outcome were recorded.

Unusual cause of crystalline nephropathy.

Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency is a rare, inherited autosomal recessive disease presenting with 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (DHA) urolithiasis, DHA nephropathy, and chronic kidney disease. The presence of DHA crystals in urine and renal biopsy is pathognomonic of the disease. We report a 23-year-old female with acute renal failure and nephrotic proteinuria.

Paraneoplastic glomerulopathies associated with hematologic malignancies.

Paraneoplastic glomerulopathy (PG) includes a group of glomerular lesions that are not directly related to tumor burden, invasion, or metastasis, but induced by products from tumor cells such as hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and tumor antigens. PG was first described by Galloway in 1922, in which nephrotic syndrome (NS) secondary to Hodgkin's lymphoma was reported. They can present before, at the time of diagnosis, during remission, or at relapse of the hematological malignancies.

Isolated renal involvement of cytomegalovirus inclusion disease in an infant.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infections in humans occurring in 1% of all liveborns. Symptomatic congenital CMV infection involves multiple systems and causes significant morbidity and mortality in newborns. Isolated CMV infection of the kidneys in a living infant has not been reported in literature.

Infection-related glomerulonephritis in a renal allograft.

Infection-related glomerulonephritis (IRGN) is an immune-mediated glomerulo-nephritis, most commonly caused by bacterial infections. Although there is an increased incidence of infectious episodes in renal transplant recipients, IRGN as a cause of de novo glomerulonephritis is rarely seen probably due to impaired immunity. We hereby report a 28-year-old male renal transplant recipient, who developed IRGN following impetigenous skin lesions after six years of transplant.

Evaluation of renal lesions and clinicopathologic correlation in rheumatoid arthritis.

The most common causes of renal disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are glomerulonephritis (GN), amyloidosis, tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and drug toxicity. Our aim was to evaluate the clinicopathologic correlation of renal lesions and to assess the course and prognosis of renal disease in patients with RA. We conducted a prospective observational study in all adult patients with RA between July 2010 and June 2015.

Impact of acute kidney injury on renal allograft survival.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the major determinants of graft survival in kidney transplantation (KTx). Renal Transplant recipients are more vulnerable to develop AKI than general population. AKI in the transplant recipient differs from community acquired, in terms of risk factors, etiology and outcome.