Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy after bariatric surgery.

The objective of this study was to describe the main factors related to the installation and/or aggravation of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its clinical consequences in pregnant women after bariatric surgery. An electronic search on VDD in pregnancy and after bariatric surgery was conducted in publications from 1998 until 2012 that presented studies performed in humans. We provided an overview of VDD after bariatric surgery, in pregnancy, and in pregnancy in women who underwent bariatric surgery.

Routine supplementation does not warrant the nutritional status of vitamin d adequate after gastric bypass Roux-en-Y.

Unlabelled: Bariatric surgery can lead to nutritional deficiencies, including those related to bone loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum concentrations of calcium, vitamin D and PTH in obese adults before and six months after gastric bypass surgery in Roux-en-Y (RYGB) and evaluate the doses of calcium and vitamin D supplementation after surgery.

Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study of adult patients of both sexes undergoing RYGB.

Phase angle as a nutritional evaluation tool in all stages of chronic liver disease.

Introduction: Malnutrition is commonly and frequently under-diagnosed in clinical settings in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) due to the limitations of nutritional evaluation methods in this population. We hypothesized that the bioelectrical impedance analysis derived phase angle (BIA-derived PhA) might be considered as a nutritional indicator in CLD since it represents either cell death or malnutrition characterized by changes in cellular membrane integrity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the BIA-derived PhA as a nutritional evaluation tool in all stages of CLD, including chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Effect of vitamin A supplementation on clinical evolution in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, according to serum levels of zinc.

Vitamin A and zinc are powerful antioxidants with synergy between them, thus protecting the organism against oxidative stress during the pre and postoperative periods. Our aim was to investigate the evolution clinical in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting while receiving vitamin A supplements according to their zinc nutritional status. They were randomly divided into two groups (2:1): Control group (G1 = 60); and Supplemented group (G2 = 30) and subdivided according to the nutritional status of zinc.

Impact of different protocols of nutritional supplements on the status of vitamin A in class III obese patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: This study aims to investigate the nutritional status of vitamin A (VA) using biochemical and functional indicators in subjects with class III obesity, before and after RYGB, supplemented with three protocols.

Methods: The sample comprised 90 patients, with BMI ≥40 kg/m(2), divided into three groups: G1 that received routine supplementation containing 5,000 IU of retinol daily; G2 that received 10,000 IU of retinol daily; and G3 that received routine supplementation plus complementary of 50,000 IU of retinol intramuscularly every month. The status of VA was evaluated before (T0), 30 days (T1), and 180 days (T2) after surgery.

Molecular phylogenetics of the species-rich genus Habenaria (Orchidaceae) in the New World based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequences.

Habenaria is a large genus of terrestrial orchids distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The integrity and monophyly of this genus have been under discussion for many years, and at one time or another, several genera have been either included in a broadly defined Habenaria or segregated from it. In this study, the phylogenetic relationships of the Neotropical members of the genus and selected groups of African Habenaria were investigated using DNA sequences from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the plastid matK gene sampled from 151 taxa of Habenaria from the Neotropics (ca.

Occurrence of metopism in dry crania of adult brazilians.

The metopic suture is located between the tubercles of the frontal bone. There are divergences regarding the exact time at which it closes, which ranges from the first to the tenth year of life, although it may persist into adulthood. This study was conducted on 134 dry crania from adult Brazilians, of which 95 were male and 39 were female.

Vitamin A concentration in mature human milk.

Objective: To quantify vitamin A levels in mature milk of 196 nursing women who were treated at the Maternity School of Rio de Janeiro and to evaluate its correlation with sociodemographic variables and degree of nutrition knowledge.

Methods: To quantify retinol concentrations, 10 mL of mature milk were collected by manual expression of one breast, 2 hours after the last feed, in the morning period. Values below 1.

Vitamin a deficiency in pregnancy: perspectives after bariatric surgery.

This study aims to describe the clinical consequences of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in pregnant women after bariatric surgery. Included are studies on VAD during pregnancy and after bariatric surgery conducted in humans from 1993 to 2011. There are few investigations on the relationship between pregnancy and bariatric surgery and on the damage to the binomial mother-child resulting from VAD in this relationship.

Three-dimensional ultrasonographic assessment of fetal total lung volume as a prognostic factor in primary pleural effusion.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to predict perinatal outcomes using fetal total lung volumes assessed by 3-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) in primary pleural effusion.

Methods: Between July 2005 and July 2010, total lung volumes were prospectively estimated in fetuses with primary pleural effusion by 3DUS using virtual organ computer-aided analysis software. The first and last US examinations were considered in the analysis.

Measurements of CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion in human rectal biopsies constitute a robust biomarker for Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis and prognosis.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is caused by ∼1,900 mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene encoding for a cAMP-regulated chloride (Cl(-)) channel expressed in several epithelia. Clinical features are dominated by respiratory symptoms, but there is variable organ involvement thus causing diagnostic dilemmas, especially for non-classic cases.

Methodology/principal Findings: To further establish measurement of CFTR function as a sensitive and robust biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of CF, we herein assessed cholinergic and cAMP-CFTR-mediated Cl(-) secretion in 524 freshly excised rectal biopsies from 118 individuals, including patients with confirmed CF clinical diagnosis (n=51), individuals with clinical CF suspicion (n=49) and age-matched non-CF controls (n=18).

Assessment of the relative dose-response test as indicators of hepatic vitamin A stores in various stages of chronic liver disease.

Hepatic vitamin A stores should be the best early indicator of vitamin A status because more than 90% of total body vitamin A is stored in the liver. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the hepatic vitamin A stores in all stages of chronic liver disease (CLD), including chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One hundred forty-four patients (age 55.

[Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables by university students in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors].

This cross-sectional study with university students examined the prevalence of regular consumption of fruits and vegetables and associated factors among students at a Federal university in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil. 863 undergraduates were interviewed in 2010. Overall prevalence of regular consumption of fruits and vegetables was 14.

[Acute necrosis of oesophagus].

Acute esophageal necrosis is a very rare pathological entity, first described in 1990 by Goldenberg. The authors report the case of a patient of 79 years of age with this disease. The etiology of this type of esophageal injury is not yet well defined and has a reported mortality between 33 and 50% .

Graphene oxide versus functionalized carbon nanotubes as a reinforcing agent in a PMMA/HA bone cement.

Graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) (each in the concentration range of 0.01-1.00 wt/wt%) were investigated as the reinforcing agent in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) bone cement.

Reduction of vitamin A deficiency and anemia in pregnancy after implementing proposed prenatal nutritional assistance.

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiency is an unquestionable public health problem, specially anemia and vitamin A deficiency (VAD). This is due to the collective dimension of these carencies, which reflects on morbimortality rates in the maternal and infant group.

Objective: to evaluate the impact of a proposal for prenatal nutritional assistance, comparing the prevalence of anemia and VAD, in pre-intervention (GI) and intervention (GII) groups.

Anesthesiology teaching during undergraduation through an academic league: what is the impact in students' learning?

Background And Objectives: Academic leagues have been consolidated as instruments of medical teaching and for the introducing of medical students to practice of specialties, including anesthesiology. As the role of leagues in the development process of competencies and learning of their students is not well known, the learning of members of an anesthesiology academic league was evaluated after participating in its activities for one year.

Method: Students of an anesthesiology academic league were followed up from March to December 2010 and evaluated through objective cognitive tests of multiple choice applied before the beginning of activities and after their conclusion.

Serum levels and liver store of retinol and their association with night blindness in individuals with class III obesity.

Background: Studies showed a rise in obesity prevalence in world population and evidences point to a possible association with vitamin A deficiency (VAD). The objective of this study is to assess vitamin A nutritional status through functional [night blindness diagnosis-xerophthalmia (XN)] and biochemical (serum levels and retinol liver store) indicators of class III obesity individuals and its association.

Methods: We studied 114 patients of both genders with BMI ≥40 kg/m2, candidates to bariatric surgery at Clínica Cirúrgica Carlos Saboya in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Bariatric surgery: impact on body composition after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of bariatric surgery on the body composition of patients suffering from class III obesity at different postoperative time intervals.

Methods: The body composition of 114 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery was measured prior to surgery (T0) and then 30 (T30) and 180 (T180) days following surgery. Body composition was evaluated using the following parameters: total body mass, body mass index, excess weight, percentage of excess weight loss, relative body fat (%F), lean body mass (LBM), and fat tissue mass (FTM).

Vitamin A deficiency in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with oxidative stress and vitamin A possesses antioxidant activity. The objective of the present study was to investigate vitamin A nutritional status in chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), according to biochemical, functional and dietetic indicators correlating these findings with liver function, liver damage and death. Vitamin A nutritional status was analysed by serum retinol levels, dietetic indicators and functional indicators.

Quantification of CFTR transcripts.

Quantification and analysis of CFTR transcripts is of crucial importance not only for cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis and prognosis, but also in evaluating the efficiency of various therapeutic approaches to CF, including gene therapy. Reverse transcription (RT) followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is at present the most sensitive method for transcript abundance measurement. Classical RNA-based methods require significant expression levels in target samples for appropriate analysis, thus PCR-based methods have evolved towards reliable quantification.

Prenatal diagnosis and natural history of fetuses presenting with pleural effusion.

Objective: To describe the natural history of fetuses presenting with pleural effusion.

Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2009 all fetuses diagnosed with pleural effusion were followed up. Fetuses were divided into three groups: I, isolated pleural effusion; II, associated structural anomalies but normal karyotype; and III, chromosomal anomalies.

Serum retinol and β-carotene levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in morbid obesity.

Objective: to evaluate retinol and β-carotene serum levels and their relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in individuals with morbid obesity, resident in Rio de Janeiro.

Methodology: blood serum concentrations of retinol and β-carotene of 189 morbidly obese individuals were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was identified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and World Health Organization (WHO).

Serum levels of selenium in patients with breast cancer before and after treatment of external beam radiotherapy.

Background: To evaluate the influence of radiotherapy on the selenium serum levels of breast cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study includes 209 breast cancer patients treated by external beam radiotherapy from December 2007 until August 2008. Plasma selenium concentrations were determined before and at the end of the radiotherapeutic treatment.