Hepatotropic viruses as etiological agents of acute liver failure and related-outcomes among children in India: a retrospective hospital-based study.

Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is marked by a sudden loss of hepatic function and is associated with a high mortality rate in children. The etiology of ALF is shown to vary geographically. This study assessed the frequency of hepatotropic viruses as etiological agents of ALF in Indian children.

A hospital-based surveillance of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children <5 years of age in Singapore.

Background: In Singapore, 2 rotavirus vaccines were licensed in October 2005 and July 2007, respectively, for vaccinating infants aged ≥ 6 weeks against rotavirus gastroenteritis. These vaccines are optional and are not included in the National Childhood Immunization Program. This study aimed to determine the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis-associated hospitalizations among children <5 years of age.

Human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in invasive cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa.

In sub-Saharan Africa, invasive cervical cancer (ICC) incidence and mortality are among the highest in the world. This cross-sectional epidemiological study assessed human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and type distribution in women with ICC in Ghana, Nigeria, and South Africa. Cervical biopsy specimens were obtained from women aged ≥ 21 years with lesions clinically suggestive of ICC.

The burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis and hospital-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged less than 6 years in Japan: a retrospective, multicenter epidemiological survey.

Background: Rotavirus is a leading worldwide cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children. This retrospective hospital-based study assessed the burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children younger than 6 years in Japan.

Methods: Children admitted to eight hospitals for acute gastroenteritis between 2008 and 2009 were identified from hospital admission databases.

Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in cervical adenocarcinoma in Korean women.

Background: An increase in incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma (CADC) has been reported in many countries, including Korea. However, few studies describe human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution among CADC in Asia.

Objective And Methods: This was a retrospective, hospital-based observational study between 2005 and 2010 to estimate the overall prevalence and distribution of HPV types among CDAC in Korean women.

Human papillomavirus type distribution in invasive cervical cancer and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia across 5 countries in Asia.

Objective: Independent, prospective, multicenter, hospital-based cross-sectional studies were conducted across 5 countries in Asia, namely, Malaysia, Vietnam, Singapore, South Korea, and the Philippines. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types (high risk and others including coinfections) in women with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and high-grade precancerous lesions.

Methods: Women older than 21 years with a histologic diagnosis of ICC and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN 2 or 3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)] were enrolled.

Safety and reactogenicity of DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib and DTPa-IPV/I-Hib vaccines in a post-marketing surveillance setting.

Combination vaccines have been shown to improve the timeliness of vaccination and vaccine coverage. Safety and reactogenicity of combined diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (DTPa-IPV/Hib, Infanrix IPV+Hib, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) was assessed in two clinical studies. In Study A, 2,590 subjects received DTPa-IPV/Hib at 3, 4 and 5 months of age with a booster at 18 months.

Decennial administration of a reduced antigen content diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine in young adults.

Background: Booster vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria at 10-year intervals is commonly recommended. Reduced antigen content diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccines developed for booster vaccination of preschool children, adolescents, and adults are licensed for once-in-a-lifetime use in most countries. Objective.

Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of three-dose primary and booster vaccination with combined diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis-hepatitis B-reduced antigen content Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in Filipino children.

Objectives: To evaluate the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of primary and booster vaccination with DTPw-HBVLT/Hib2.5 vaccine containing low thiomersal and reduced quantities of Hib polysaccharide (PRP).

Background: Combined DTP vaccines have high global coverage.

Repeated administration of a reduced-antigen-content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis and poliomyelitis vaccine (dTpa-IPV; Boostrix™ IPV).

Background: The rising incidence of pertussis amongst adults and adolescents in industrialized countries could be reduced by replacing tetanus and diphtheria (Td) boosters with reduced-antigen-content dT-acellular pertussis (dTpa)vaccines. Repeated administration of a dTpa-IPV (dTpa-inactivated poliomyelitis; BoostrixTM Polio, GlaxoSmithKline)booster to adolescents, 5 years after their previous dose was evaluated.

Results: Before the second dTpa-IPV booster, the percentage of subjects who were seroprotected/seropositive was: 98.

Booster vaccination against pertussis in Chinese children at six years of age using reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (Boostrix()).

Pertussis continues to circulate in Chinese communities and older children, adolescents and adults are sources of infection for unprotected infants. Two studies conducted in Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China assessed the immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of Boostrix(), a combined reduced antigen content diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine (dTpa) when administered as a booster dose to children 6 to 8 years of age. Immunogenicity was assessed before and one month after vaccination in a subset.

Lasting immune memory against hepatitis B in children after primary immunization with 4 doses of DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib in the first and 2nd year of life.

Background: Few studies have assessed long term persisting immunity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children vaccinated during infancy with combined vaccines containing recombinant HBV surface antigen (HBs). We assessed antibody persistence and immune memory in children 4-5 years of age, previously vaccinated with four doses of combined hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix hexa).

Methods: Immune memory was assessed in 301 children through administration of a challenge dose of monovalent HBV vaccine.

Immune memory to hepatitis B virus in 4-9-year old children vaccinated in infancy with four doses of hexavalent DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine.

The combined hexavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib) vaccine produces similar hepatitis B responses as the HBV monovalent vaccine. Booster vaccination of immunocompetent individuals primed against hepatitis B in infancy is currently not recommended. We investigated persisting immunity to hepatitis B in 4-6 (Study A; 106745) and 7-9 (Study B; 106744) year-old children primed in infancy and boosted in the second year of life with DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib.