Association Between Type 2 Diabetes and Hypogonadism in India: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Hypogonadism is a common comorbidity associated with several metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D) that can remain undetected without proper screening. Here, we evaluated the prevalence of hypogonadism in Indian male patients with T2D with or without obesity.

Methods: In this prospective, observational study, male patients with T2D and hypogonadism were evaluated symptomatically using the androgen deficiency in ageing male (ADAM) questionnaire at baseline and confirmed on the basis of total testosterone (TT) levels (<300 ng/dL) at Days 5-7 (Visit 2) and 9-14 (Visit 4) assessed after 12 hours of fasting between 8 AM and 10 AM.

Brain-scale theta band functional connectome as signature of slow breathing and breath-hold phases.

The study reported herein attempts to understand the neural mechanisms engaged in the conscious control of breathing and breath-hold. The variations in the electroencephalogram (EEG) based functional connectivity (FC) of the human brain have been investigated during attentive breathing at 2 cycles per minute (cpm). The study presents its novelty through three main aspects.

Functional reorganization of the brain in distinct frequency bands during eyes-open meditation.

Meditation is a self-regulatory process practiced primarily to reduce stress, manage emotions and mental health. The objective of this work is to study the information exchange between electrodes within and across the hemispheres during meditation using functional connectivity (FC) measures. We investigate the changes in the coherence between EEG electrode pairs during the meditation with open eyes practiced by long-term Brahmakumaris Rajyoga meditators and during listening to music by controls as the comparable task.

An Uncommon Manifestation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus as Lupus Enteritis With Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction and Invasive Candidiasis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disorder, occasionally presenting with rare complications like lupus enteritis (LE) and intestinal pseudo-obstruction (IPO). We present a unique case of a 32-year-old woman with LE and IPO, complicated by invasive candidiasis, as an initial manifestation of SLE. The patient presented with a 15-day history of abdominal pain, vomiting, and poor oral intake, and was initially misdiagnosed with infective enterocolitis.

Dynamic interface printing.

Additive manufacturing is an expanding multidisciplinary field encompassing applications including medical devices, aerospace components, microfabrication strategies and artificial organs. Among additive manufacturing approaches, light-based printing technologies, including two-photon polymerization, projection micro stereolithography and volumetric printing, have garnered significant attention due to their speed, resolution or potential applications for biofabrication. Here we introduce dynamic interface printing, a new 3D printing approach that leverages an acoustically modulated, constrained air-liquid boundary to rapidly generate centimetre-scale 3D structures within tens of seconds.

Capsaicin Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits Cell Migration via the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNFα) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling Pathway in Oral Cancer Cells.

Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly prevalent cancer worldwide. Microbial infections, poor oral hygiene, and chronic viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV) contribute to its incidence. Capsaicin, known for its presence in chili peppers, has demonstrated potential antiproliferative effects in cancer cells.

Unfractionated Heparin Administered Every 8 h Outperforms 12 Hourly Administration for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Reconstructive Head and Neck Tumor Patients: A 12 Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), comprising deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), poses a significant risk of morbidity and mortality in surgical patients, especially those undergoing head and neck cancer surgery with microvascular free flap reconstruction. These patients are at a heightened risk of VTE due to numerous patient and surgical risk factors. VTE chemoprophylaxis guidelines in these patients are limited due to a distinct paucity of research.

Association of Various Optical Coherence Tomographic Patterns of Diabetic Macular Edema With Central Subfield Thickness and Visual Acuity: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Introduction Diabetic macular edema (DME) is the most common and vision-threatening complication in diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), especially in those with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a reliable tool most commonly used for assessing macular morphology and provides quantitative information on the macula. OCT also examines the outer retinal layers, which can predict visual outcomes.

Anti-CD49d Ab treatment ameliorates age-associated inflammatory response and mitigates CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity after traumatic brain injury.

Patients aged 65 years and older account for an increasing proportion of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Older TBI patients experience increased morbidity and mortality compared to their younger counterparts. Our prior data demonstrated that by blocking α4 integrin, anti-CD49d antibody (aCD49d Ab) abrogates CD8 T-cell infiltration into the injured brain, improves survival, and attenuates neurocognitive deficits.

Access Barriers to Anti-CD19+ CART-Cell Therapy for NHL Across a Community Transplant and Cellular Therapy Network.

We analyzed access barriers to anti-CD19+ chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CART) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) within a community-based transplant and cell therapy network registry. 357 intended recipients of FDA-approved anti-CD19+ CART were identified in the study period (2018 to 2022). Results showed that the median age at referral was 61 years, referral year was 2018 (4%), 2019 (14%), 2020 (18%), 2021 (26%), and 2022 (38%).

Determinants of Outcomes for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Treated in a Community-Based Specialized Versus Non-Specialized Hospital Setting.

The treatment setting influences acute myeloid leukemia (AML) outcomes. Most cancer patients receive care in the community, yet few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of clinical programs outside of academic or National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated cancer centers. This was a multi-level, case-controlled study of real-world outcomes for initial AML treatment in a community-based network for 1,391 patients with AML between 2011 and 2018.

Leg compliance is required to explain the ground reaction force patterns and speed ranges in different gaits.

Two simple models - vaulting over stiff legs and rebounding over compliant legs - are employed to describe the mechanics of legged locomotion. It is agreed that compliant legs are necessary for describing running and that legs are compliant while walking. Despite this agreement, stiff legs continue to be employed to model walking.

A Case Report on Acute Visual Loss With Ophthalmoplegia Following Spine Surgery.

Postoperative vision loss is an unusual but serious side effect that can occur after nonocular surgeries, particularly those involving the heart or spine. Various causes, including ischemic optic neuropathy, central retinal artery occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion, and ischemic orbital compartment syndrome, can cause this condition. Here, we present a case of a 28-year-old male patient who underwent spine surgery for cervicodorsal spine injury and experienced sudden, painless vision loss in his left eye following the surgery.

Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Anti-cancer Potential of Capsaicin on Lung Cancer Cell Line: An In Vitro Investigation.

Background The leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide is lung cancer. Approximately 1.8 million new cases were diagnosed, and 1.

Gender Differential Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity, Hypertension and Diabetes in South India: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: India is facing triple epidemic of Non communicable diseases (NCDs) including high body mass index (BMI), high blood pressure and high blood glucose, contributing to more than half of deaths of all mortality, however, information in different demographics is limited, especially, in India. The aim of the study is to compare the prevalence of overweight, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, along with the occurrence of multi-morbidity, across gender-specific populations in rural, suburban, and urban regions of India.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study including adults aged 20 and above in rural, suburban, and urban areas near Coimbatore, India.

Arteriovenous Shunts: Their Location and Role in Physiology, Pathology, and Tissue Transfer. A Preliminary Report in the Upper Limb.

Background: Tiny arteriovenous (AV) shunts of 10-150 µm (0.01-0.15 mm) are documented in the hands and feet.