Anticancer activity of cloned Nisin as an alternative therapy for MCF-7 brest cancer cell line.

Despite advancements in treatment and detection, cancer remains one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat cancer have non-specific toxicity toward normal body cells, which leads to several adverse effects. Second, malignancies are known to develop resistance to chemotherapy over time.

Corrigendum to: ABCB1 inhibition provides a novel therapeutic target to block TWIST1-induced migration in medulloblastoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab030.].

ABCB1 inhibition provides a novel therapeutic target to block TWIST1-induced migration in medulloblastoma.

Background: Therapeutic intervention in metastatic medulloblastoma is dependent on elucidating the underlying metastatic mechanism. We investigated whether an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like pathway could drive medulloblastoma metastasis.

Methods: A 3D Basement Membrane Extract (3D-BME) model was used to investigate medulloblastoma cell migration.

Vitamin D level and endogenous DNA damage in patients with cancers in Duhok city, KRG-Iraq.

Introduction: Many clinical and pre-clinical studies suggested the protective effect of vitamin D against cancer development and cancer progression. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, and its link to DNA damage is worthy to study. It has been shown that vitamin D supplementation can reduce the risk of cancer with a favorable prognosis.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland in an elderly female presenting as a rapidly enlarging thyroid mass.

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is an extremely rare tumor with a very aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. The tumor may arise as a primary tumor within the thyroid gland or as a component of anaplastic or undifferentiated thyroid tumors.

Case Presentation: A 70-year-old lady with history of long standing multinodular goiter presented with progressive enlargement of a midline nodule for 3 months which was associated with dyspnea and dry cough.

Serial MRI Scan of Posterior Fossa Tumours Predict Patients at Risk of Developing Neurocognitive Impairment.

Background: Brain tumours are the most common solid tumours in children. More than 50% of these tumours develop in the posterior cranial fossa. Long term survivors of posterior fossa tumours (PFT) suffer from neurocognitive and memory issues.

Overcoming multiple drug resistance mechanisms in medulloblastoma.

Introduction: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour. Recurrence and progression of disease occurs in 15-20% of standard risk and 30-40% of high risk patients. We analysed whether circumvention of chemoresistance pathways (drug export, DNA repair and apoptotic inhibition) can restore chemotherapeutic efficacy in a panel of MB cell lines.

Cancer incidence rates in the Kurdistan region/Iraq from 2007-2009.

Cancer is a disease of gradual increase in incidence overall the world. Kurdistan Region in Iraq has been exposed to several carcinogenic hazards. There are few reports about the increased risk of cancer in different cities in Iraq.

Pediatric brain tumor cancer stem cells: cell cycle dynamics, DNA repair, and etoposide extrusion.

Reliable model systems are needed to elucidate the role cancer stem cells (CSCs) play in pediatric brain tumor drug resistance. The majority of studies to date have focused on clinically distinct adult tumors and restricted tumor types. Here, the CSC component of 7 newly established primary pediatric cell lines (2 ependymomas, 2 medulloblastomas, 2 gliomas, and a CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumor) was thoroughly characterized.