Central Venous Catheter-associated Venous Thromboembolism in Children: A Prospective Observational Study.

Our objective was to study the proportion of children developing Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) following central venous Catheter (CVC) insertion and the risk factors of CRT in pediatric patients with CVC. One hundred four children aged 29 days to 18 years who had a percutaneous non-tunneled CVC inserted were enrolled. Ultrasonogram (USG) with venous Doppler scan was performed within 48 hours of CVC removal to diagnose CRT.

Comparative evaluation of volumetry estimation from plain and contrast enhanced computed tomography liver images.

Objectives: Surgery planning for liver tumour is carried out using contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images to determine the optimal resection strategy and to assess the volume of liver and tumour. Current surgery planning tools interpret even the functioning liver cells present within the tumour boundary as tumour. Plain CT images provide inadequate information for treatment planning.

Intermodality Variability in Gross Tumor Volume Delineation for Radiation Therapy Planning in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Multimodality imaging can enhance the precision of tumor delineation for intensity modulated radiation therapy planning. This study aimed to analyze intermodality variation for gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation in locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinomas (LAOCs).

Methods And Materials: We examined the pretreatment contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluoro-deoxy-glucose-based positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) image data sets of 33 adult patients with primary LAOC.

Radiological Parameters Predicting the Round Window Niche Visibility through Facial Recess Approach in Cochlear Implantation.

Aim: The aim was to study the radiological parameters using High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) temporal bone to predict the Round Window Niche (RWN) visibility through the facial recess approach and to study radiological types of the round window niche.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study was done in the patients underwent CI surgery from 2019 to 2021. HRCT radiological parameters of the patients and their intraoperative visualisation from video recordings were compared to predict the most feasible parameters to predict good visualisation of RWN.

Skull Base Metastasis and Krukenberg Tumor in a Pregnant Woman: An Unusual Presentation of Metastatic Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer is an infrequent cause of vomiting during pregnancy. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage due to late presentation by patients, mistaking it for gestational symptoms. We report a 24-year-old pregnant woman with gastric cancer with skull base metastasis and Krukenberg tumor on initial diagnosis.

Overexpression of cytochrome P450 and esterase genes involved in permethrin resistance in larvae and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus.

Mosquitoes are important vectors of several arthropod-borne diseases, which remain a priority for epidemiological research. Mosquito vector control strategies have traditionally relied on chemical insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids. However, the indiscriminate use of pesticides has resulted in the development of resistance in many mosquito species.

Advance on the biology, behaviour ecology and management of the coffee white stem borer, Chevrolat, 1863 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

The coffee white stem borer, Chevrolat, 1863 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) - here removed from the synonymy with (Laporte & Gory, 1841) is the most notorious pest in Arabica coffee plantations in many southeast Asian countries. It can cause damage up to 80% in various gardens. The borer is reported on 16 different host plants other than coffee.

Diagnostic challenges in cerebral tuberculoma presenting with seizures in pregnancy.

Tuberculoma is an uncommon presentation of tuberculosis and is found in regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. This is rarely diagnosed during pregnancy. The presentation can mimic other etiologies such as eclampsia or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis so the diagnosis can be challenging, particularly when presenting with seizures in pregnancy.

Effect of a single dose of zoledronic acid on bone mineral density and trabecular bone score in Indian postmenopausal osteoporotic women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus - A prospective cohort pilot study.

Purpose: The objectives were to study the effect of a single dose of intravenous (IV) zoledronic acid (ZA) on changes in bone mineral density (BMD) (lumbar spine (LS), hip, & distal forearm), trabecular bone score (TBS) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in postmenopausal osteoporotic women with and without diabetes over 12 months.

Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 40) and non-DM (n = 40). Both groups received a single dose of 4 mg IV ZA at baseline.

COVID-19-associated Neurological Manifestations and Complications: An Observational Study.

Background: Coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), led to one of the deadliest pandemics faced by mankind. The typical manifestation of COVID-19 infection includes respiratory distress. However, we know that the characteristic immunologic pathways of SARS-CoV-2 infection inflict systemic disorders and eventually multi-organ dysfunction in a subgroup of patients.

Deep learning techniques in liver tumour diagnosis using CT and MR imaging - A systematic review.

Deep learning has become a thriving force in the computer aided diagnosis of liver cancer, as it solves extremely complicated challenges with high accuracy over time and facilitates medical experts in their diagnostic and treatment procedures. This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review on deep learning techniques applied for various applications pertaining to liver images, challenges faced by the clinicians in liver tumour diagnosis and how deep learning bridges the gap between clinical practice and technological solutions with an in-depth summary of 113 articles. Since, deep learning is an emerging revolutionary technology, recent state-of-the-art research implemented on liver images are reviewed with more focus on classification, segmentation and clinical applications in the management of liver diseases.

Impact assessment of natural variations in different weather factors on the incidence of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Genn. and yellow vein mosaic disease in Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.

Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, also renowned as the silver leaf whitefly, is among the most damaging polyphagous insect pests in many commercially important crops and commodities. A set of field experiments were conducted for three consecutive years i.e.

Effect of melatonin and luzindole antagonist on fipronil toxicity, detoxification and antioxidant enzyme system in different tissues of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Studies have investigating the detoxification and antioxidant enzymes with melatonin under pesticide stress in many vertebrates, whereas no reports produced in invertebrates. In this study possible role of melatonin and luzindole effect on fipronil toxicity and the detoxification, antioxidant enzymes in H. armigera has been reported.

Synergism and toxicity of iron nanoparticles derived from Trigonella foenum-graecum against pyrethriod treatment in S. litura and H. armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura and cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are important pests of various agricultural crops that cause sevier economic loses throughout the world. Indiscriminate and frequent use of insecticide may lead to development of resistance in these pests. Nanotechnology has given an alternative to manage and overcome insecticide resistance for pest management strategies.

Integrated clinical and metabolomic analysis of dengue infection shows molecular signatures associated with host-pathogen interaction in different phases of the disease.

Purpose: Dengue is a mosquito vector-borne disease caused by the dengue virus, which affects 125 million people globally. The disease causes considerable morbidity. The disease, based on symptoms, is classified into three characteristic phases, which can further lead to complications in the second phase.

Comparison of resting/postexercise ankle-brachial index and transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen for noninvasive diagnosis of peripheral artery disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background Type 2 Diabetes: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD) and PAD diagnosis in T2DM may indicate coexisting coronary artery disease as well. Postexercise ankle brachial index (ABI) and transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (TcPO) have not been evaluated for PAD diagnosis among Indian T2DM patients. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of resting + postexercise(R + PE) ABI and R + PE-TcPO for PAD diagnosis among T2DM patients at increased PAD risk, using colour duplex ultrasound (CDU) as reference standard.

Evidence-based insecticide resistance in South American tomato leaf miner, (Meyrick) under laboratory selection.

The South American tomato moth, (Meyrick), is one of the key pests of tomato in India. Since its report in 2014, chemical control has been the main means of tackling this pest, both in the open field and protected cultivation. Despite regular insecticidal sprays, many outbreaks were reported from major tomato-growing regions of South India during 2019-2020.

Effects of phytocompound Precocene 1 on the expression and functionality of the P450 gene in λ-cyhalothrin-resistant (Fab.).

(Fabricius) is an agriculturally significant polyphagous insect pest that has evolved a high level of resistance to conventional insecticides. A dietary assay was used in this work to assess the resilience of field populations of to λ-cyhalothrin. Analysis of the function and expression of the cytochrome P450 gene was used to test the sensitivity of larvae to sub-lethal concentrations of the insecticidal plant chemical Precocene 1, both by itself and in combination with λ-cyhalothrin.

Pretreatment of mosquito larvae with ultraviolet-B and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induces increased sensitivity to permethrin toxicity.

Nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Nitro-PAH) are highly toxic PHA derivatives. Nitro-PHAs are emitted by carbonaceous materials and PHA post-emission transformation, which causes water and environmental pollution and also exists as carcinogenic and immunotoxic agents. UV light has been shown to cause DNA damage and improves the covalent binding of PAH to DNA significantly.

Implementation of Machine Learning Mechanism for Recognising Prostate Cancer through Photoacoustic Signal.

Biological tissues may be studied using photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy, which can yield a wealth of physical and chemical data. However, it is really challenging to directly analyse these tissues because of a lot of data. Data mining techniques can get around this issue.

Automated Recognition of Cancer Tissues through Deep Learning Framework from the Photoacoustic Specimen.

The fast advancement of biomedical research technology has expanded and enhanced the spectrum of diagnostic instruments. Various research groups have found optical imaging, ultrasonic imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging to create multifunctional devices that are critical for biomedical activities. Multispectral photoacoustic imaging that integrates the ideas of optical and ultrasonic technologies is one of the most essential instruments.

A Modified Deep Learning Framework for Arrhythmia Disease Analysis in Medical Imaging Using Electrocardiogram Signal.

Arrhythmias are anomalies in the heartbeat rhythm that occur occasionally in people's lives. These arrhythmias can lead to potentially deadly consequences, putting your life in jeopardy. As a result, arrhythmia identification and classification are an important aspect of cardiac diagnostics.