The dynamic threat from landslides following large continental earthquakes.

Earthquake-triggered landslides show three important characteristics: they are often responsible for a considerable proportion of the damage sustained during mountain region earthquakes, they are non-randomly distributed across space, and they continue to evolve in the years after the earthquake. Despite this, planning for future earthquakes rarely takes into consideration either landslides or their evolution with time. Here we couple a unique timeseries of mapped landslides between 2014-2020 across the area of Nepal impacted by the 2015 Mw 7.

Bioactive Alkaloids from Nepalese Corydalis chaerophylla D.C. Acting on the Regulation of PCSK9 and LDL-R In Vitro.

Four new alkaloids Chaeronepaline-A (1), Chaeronepaline-B (2), Chaeronepaline-C (3), and Chaeronepaline-D (4) were isolated from Corydalis chaerophylla D.C. collected from Nepal and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data, 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectrometry.

NO precipitation and valorization driven by photocatalysis and adsorption over red soil.

Nitrogen oxides (NO) emissions can cause air pollution that is harmful to human health, even producing serious ecological problems. Whether it is diluted in the air or not, the management and valorization of NO from industrial emissions have been constrained by technology and finance. This study shows that red soil can be used as a photocatalyst to convert NO into soil nitrate nitrogen (NO-N) in the soil.

Computational Assessment of the Phytochemicals of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer Against Dopamine Receptor D1 for Early Huntington's Disease Prophylactics.

A herb, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been used traditionally for the treatment of various diseases.

Integrated assessment of irrigation and agriculture management challenges in Nepal: An interdisciplinary perspective.

Agriculture plays a critical role in ensuring food and nutrition security, livelihood, and rural employment in Nepal. Despite substantial investments and institutional reforms, irrigation projects have faced consistently low performance. While existing studies have shed light on technical aspects of irrigation performance, they often focus on specific themes rather than holistic evaluations of sustainability.

Inactivation of highly transmissible livestock and avian viruses including influenza A and Newcastle disease virus for molecular diagnostics.

There is a critical need for an inactivation method that completely inactivates pathogens at the time of sample collection while maintaining the nucleic acid quality required for diagnostic PCR testing. This inactivation method is required to alleviate concerns about transmission potential, minimize shipping complications and cost, and enable testing in lower containment laboratories, thereby enhancing disease diagnostics through improved turn-around time. This study evaluated a panel of 10 surrogate viruses that represent highly pathogenic animal diseases.

Coxiella burnetii seroprevalence in domestic goat does in the United States: Prevalence, distribution, and associated risk factors.

Infection with the bacterium Coxiella burnetii can cause coxiellosis in animals and Q fever in humans. Coxiellosis a consistently underreported infectious disease. The infection can result in reproductive consequences for humans and animals.

Analyzing the Costs and Impact of the TakeMeHome Program, a Public-Private Partnership to Deliver HIV Self-Test Kits in the United States.

Background: HIV testing is an entry point to access HIV care and prevention services. Building Healthy Online Communities developed a website ( TakeMeHome.org ) where participants can order HIV home test kits.

Estimating the Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Self-Testing in the United States Using Net Benefit Regression.

Background: Cost-effectiveness analysis of HIV self-testing using patient-level data from a randomized clinical trial can inform HIV prevention funding decisions. Cost-effectiveness analysis using net-benefit regression addresses the sampling uncertainty in the trial data and the variability of policymakers' willingness to pay (WTP).

Methods: We used published data from a 12-month longitudinal randomized clinical trial that enrolled 2665 men who had sex with men randomly assigned to the self-testing arm (participants receiving self-test kits) and control arm (participants receiving standard-of-care), and the self-testing arm identified 48 additional new HIV cases.

Burden of human metapneumovirus infections among children with acute respiratory tract infections attending a Tertiary Care Hospital, Kathmandu.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Every year millions of children suffer from viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) ranging from mild to severe illnesses. Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is among the most frequent viruses responsible for RTIs.

Factors affecting nutritional knowledge, attitude, practices and dietary intake among national players in Kathmandu, Nepal: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Good nutrition knowledge and nutrient intake have been regarded as significant determinants in enhancing athletes' performance and overall health status. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of nutrition and dietary intake among athletes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2022 among national athletes from two sports clubs in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal.

Clinical manifestations of delayed reaction following mass hornet envenomation: a case report.

Unlabelled: Delayed reaction following mass hornet envenomation is associated with various clinical manifestations.

Case Presentation: The authors present a case of a 24-year-old male from eastern Nepal, who presented following mass envenomation by hornet stings. He had progressive yellowish discoloration of skin and sclera, myalgia, fever, and dizziness.

Cost Analysis of the Positive Health Check Intervention to Suppress HIV Viral Load and Retain Patients in HIV Clinical Care.

Context: Digital video-based behavioral interventions are effective tools for improving HIV care and treatment outcomes.

Objective: To assess the costs of the Positive Health Check (PHC) intervention delivered in HIV primary care settings.

Design, Setting, And Intervention: The PHC study was a randomized trial evaluating the effectiveness of a highly tailored, interactive video-counseling intervention delivered in 4 HIV care clinics in the United States in improving viral suppression and retention in care.

Inheritance and Fitness Costs of Laboratory-Selected Resistance to Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1 Corn in Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of corn and is currently managed with corn hybrids that produce insecticidal proteins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Bt corn kills rootworm larvae and reduces larval feeding injury to corn roots. The Bt protein Gpp34/Tpp35Ab1, previously named Cry34/35Ab1, has been widely used in transgenic Bt corn for management of western corn rootworm, and field-evolved resistance has been found in some populations.

Costs and cost-effectiveness of a collaborative data-to-care intervention for HIV treatment and care in the United States.

Introduction: Data-to-care programmes utilize surveillance data to identify persons who are out of HIV care, re-engage them in care and improve HIV care outcomes. We assess the costs and cost-effectiveness of re-engagement in an HIV care intervention in the United States.

Methods: The Cooperative Re-engagement Control Trial (CoRECT) employed a data-to-care collaborative model between health departments and HIV care providers, August 2016-July 2018.

Costs of Providing Preexposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention at Community Health Centers in the United States.

Objective: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for people at risk of acquiring HIV. We assessed billable costs associated with PrEP delivery at community health centers.

Methods: The Sustainable Health Center Implementation PrEP Pilot (SHIPP) study is an observational cohort of people receiving daily oral PrEP at participating federally qualified health centers and other community health centers.

Crops' response to the emergent air pollutants.

Consequences of air pollutants on physiology, biology, yield and quality in the crops are evident. Crop and soil management can play significant roles in attenuating the impacts of air pollutants. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, air pollution has emerged as a serious threat to quality crop production.

Sexual Practice Changes Post-HIV Diagnosis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) often change sexual behaviors following HIV diagnosis. This systematic review examined such changes, including sero-adaptive behaviors (i.e.

Guideline based knowledge and practice of physicians in the management of COPD in a low- to middle-income country.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death, with 80% of the total death occurring in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Nepal is one of the LMIC; COPD is a highly prevalent and significant public health issue often underdiagnosed. Medical physicians' good knowledge and practice to diagnose and treat COPD can help reduce the disease burden.

Seed-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbons as Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Biomass-derived activated carbon materials with hierarchically nanoporous structures containing nitrogen functionalities show excellent electrochemical performances and are explored extensively in energy storage and conversion applications. Here, we report the electrochemical supercapacitance performances of the nitrogen-doped activated carbon materials with an ultrahigh surface area prepared by the potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation of the (Lotus) seed in an aqueous electrolyte solution (1 M sulfuric acid: HSO) in a three-electrode cell. The specific surface areas and pore volumes of Lotus-seed-derived carbon materials carbonized at a different temperatures, from 600 to 1000 °C, are found in the range of 1059.

The effects of microalgae-based fertilization of wheat on yield, soil microbiome and nitrogen oxides emissions.

Overuse of agrochemicals is linked to nutrient loss, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, and resource depletion thus requiring the development of sustainable agricultural solutions. Cultivated microalgal biomass could provide such a solution. The environmental consequences of algal biomass application in agriculture and more specifically its effect on soil GHG emissions are understudied.

A Bibliometric Analysis on Nonpoint Source Pollution: Current Status, Development, and Future.

Nonpoint source pollution (NPS) has become the leading factor of global water quality problems, attracting great attention from governments and researchers in various countries. Based on this situation, understanding the current research status of NPS can help guide future research. However, most of the current reviews only describe the research status of some specific aspects but fail to quantify the research hotspots and development trends on the whole, which limits the overall understanding of NPS.

Documentation of a proven Mountain Pitviper () envenomation in Kathmandu, Nepal, with its distribution ranges: implications for prevention and control of pitviper bites in Asia.

We document inadequately diagnosed coagulopathy (potential to be life threatening) due to bite. Although its bites are common in the hills of Nepal, associated envenomations have not been documented elaborately. Herein, we present the clinical and treatment details of a proven bite and areas where it may pose the risk of envenomations (suggesting huge populations in Asia to be vulnerable to its bites).

Genomic rearrangements generate hypervariable mini-chromosomes in host-specific isolates of the blast fungus.

Supernumerary mini-chromosomes-a unique type of genomic structural variation-have been implicated in the emergence of virulence traits in plant pathogenic fungi. However, the mechanisms that facilitate the emergence and maintenance of mini-chromosomes across fungi remain poorly understood. In the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (Syn.