Mitogenomic Insights into the Evolution, Divergence Time, and Ancestral Ranges of Quails.

The Old-World quails, (common quail) and (Japanese quail), are morphologically similar yet occupy distinct geographic ranges. This study aimed to elucidate their evolutionary trajectory and ancestral distribution patterns through a thorough analysis of their mitochondrial genomes. Mitogenomic analysis revealed high structural conservation, identical translational mechanisms, and similar evolutionary pressures in both species.

Dataset from genome sequencing, assembly and mining of microsatellite markers in barred-button quail ().

(barred-button quail) is a member of the primitive genus in the highly diverse order of shore birds Charadriiformes. Absence of genome scale data of has limited our understanding about its systematics, taxonomic and evolutionary history as well has hindered the characterization of genome wide microsatellite markers of the same. Hence we generated whole genome short read sequences of , created a high quality assembly and mined genome-wide microsatellite markers from the same.

Genome survey sequencing and mining of genome-wide microsatellite markers in yellow-billed babbler ().

is a species of group dwelling old world passerine of family Leiothrichidae. Unavailability of genome-wide sequence and species-specific molecular markers have hindered comprehensive understanding of cooperative breeding behaviour in . Therefore, we generated genome-wide microsatellite markers through whole genome short read sequencing of .

Global genomic and proteomic analysis indicates co-evolution of Neisseria species and with their human host.

Neisseria, a genus from the beta-proteobacteria class, is of potential clinical importance. This genus contains both pathogenic and commensal strains. Gonorrhea and meningitis are two major diseases caused by pathogens belonging to this genus.

Complete mitogenome of endemic plum-headed parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala - characterization and phylogenetic analysis.

Psittacula cyanocephala is an endemic parakeet from the Indian sub-continent that is widespread in the illegal bird trade. Previous studies on Psittacula parakeets have highlighted taxonomic ambiguities, warranting studies to resolve the issues. Since the mitochondrial genome provides useful information concerning the species evolution and phylogenetics, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of P.

An interplay between compositional constraint and natural selection dictates the codon usage pattern among select Galliformes.

Galliformes are believed to be the first avian order that started living in human association and became domesticated. Members of this order ranged from common to rare species. Next-generation sequencing has availed researchers with the whole genome sequences of five Galliformes; chicken, helmeted Guinea fowl, turkey, Japanese quail, and peafowl.

Turdoides affinis mitogenome reveals the translational efficiency and importance of NADH dehydrogenase complex-I in the Leiothrichidae family.

Mitochondrial genome provides useful information about species concerning its evolution and phylogenetics. We have taken the advantage of high throughput next-generation sequencing technique to sequence the complete mitogenome of Yellow-billed babbler (Turdoides affinis), a species endemic to Peninsular India and Sri Lanka. Both, reference-based and de-novo assemblies of mitogenome were performed and observed that de-novo assembled mitogenome was most appropriate.

Effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate on cryopreserved sheep testicular explants cultured in vitro.

Complete spermatogenesis has been achieved in vitro in mouse testicular explants with resulting sperm used to produce pups after Intra Cytoplasm Sperm Injection and Embryo Transfer. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on spermatogenesis of frozen-thawed lamb testis explants in vitro. Thawed testicular pieces were cultured for 12 d on agarose blocks in serum-free growth medium containing 0, 2, 5 or 10 μM S1P.

Insulin promotes preantral follicle growth and antrum formation through temporal expression of genes regulating steroidogenesis and water transport in the cat.

The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of insulin, invitro, on: (1) the viability and growth of domestic cat ovarian follicles; (2) mRNA expression of genes regulating steroidogenesis (cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily, A polypeptide 1 (Cyp17a1), cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily, A polypeptide 1 (Cyp19a1) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star)) and water transport (aquaporins (AQPs) Aqp1, Aqp3, Aqp7, Aqp9); and (3) steroid production (17β-oestradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), androstenedione (A4)). Cat secondary follicles were isolated from ovarian cortices and cultured in 0 (Control), 1 or 10µgmL-1 insulin for 14 days (Day 0=culture onset). Follicle and oocyte viability (based on neutral red staining), diameter and antrum formation were assessed every 72h and at the end of incubation (Day 14).

Expression of gonadotropin and sex steroid hormone receptor mRNA in the utero-vaginal junction containing sperm storage tubules of oviduct during sexual maturation in Japanese quail.

Sex steroid hormones play an important role in reproductive tissue development of avian species. However, their role in Japanese quail is yet to be established. To understand the physiological role of hormones involved in the development of sperm storage tubules (SSTs) in quail, we investigated expression profiles of gonadotropin (LH-R and FSH-R) and sex steroid hormone (PR-R, ER-α and ER-β) receptors in the uterovaginal junction (UVJ) containing SSTs before and during sexual maturation i.

Expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in different stages of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) ovarian follicles: effect of nitric oxide on in vitro development of preantral follicle.

The present study was designed to investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in buffalo ovarian preantral (PFs), antral (AFs) and ovulatory (OFs) follicles (Experiment 1); effect of NO on in vitro survival and growth of PFs (Experiment 2) and NOS activity in immature oocytes by NADPH-diaphorase test (Experiment 3). In Experiment 1, NOS isoforms (neuronal, inducible and endothelial) were localized immunohistochemically; mRNA and protein expression was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot, respectively. In Experiment 2, PFs were isolated by micro-dissection method from buffalo ovaries and cultured in 0 (control), 10(-3), 10(-5), 10(-7) and 10(-9) M sodium nitroprusside (SNP).

Influence of nitric oxide on in vitro growth, survival, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis of follicle stimulating hormone stimulated buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) preantral follicles.

Effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, on in vitro survival, growth, steroidogenesis, and apoptosis of buffalo preantral follicles (PFs) was investigated. PFs (200~250 µm) were isolated by micro-dissection and cultured in 0 (control), 10(-3), 10(-5), 10(-7), and 10(-9) M SNP. To examine the reversible effect of SNP, PFs were cultured with 10(-5) M SNP + 1 mM N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 1.