Association of binge alcohol use with functional outcomes among individuals with COVID-19 infection.

Aims: Alcohol consumption along with negative sequelae from excess alcohol intake increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the association between binge alcohol use and long-term functional outcomes among COVID-19-positive individuals.

Methods: Using a prospective, longitudinal, multisite cohort study design, we evaluated the association between binge alcohol use and mental and physical functional outcomes using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)-29 scores three and six months postinfection.

Break Wave Lithotripsy for Urolithiasis: Results of the First-in-Human International Multi-Institutional Clinical Trial.

Purpose: This study reports on a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, clinical trial utilizing the SonoMotion (San Mateo, California) Break Wave lithotripsy (BWL) device to fragment urinary stones.

Materials And Methods: Patients with a urinary stone underwent a single treatment of 30 minutes and peak negative pressure of 4.5 to 8 MPa.

Naloxone and Patient Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests in California.

Importance: The incidence of opioid-associated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OA-OHCA) has grown from less than 1% of OHCA in 2000 to between 7% and 14% of OHCA in recent years; American Heart Association (AHA) protocols suggest that emergency medical service (EMS) clinicians consider naloxone in OA-OHCA. However, it is unknown whether naloxone improves survival in these patients or in patients with undifferentiated OHCA.

Objective: To evaluate the association of naloxone with clinical outcomes in patients with undifferentiated OHCA.

Missed Opportunities to Diagnose and Treat Asymptomatic Hypertension in Emergency Departments in the United States, 2016-2019.

Background: Fewer than one-half of U.S. adults with hypertension (HTN) have it controlled and one-third are unaware of their condition.

Trends in presumed drug overdose out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in San Francisco, 2015-2023.

Introduction: Estimates of the prevalence of drug-related out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) vary, ranging from 1.8% to 10.0% of medical OHCA.

Ethnic and racial differences in self-reported symptoms, health status, activity level, and missed work at 3 and 6 months following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Introduction: Data on ethnic and racial differences in symptoms and health-related impacts following SARS-CoV-2 infection are limited. We aimed to estimate the ethnic and racial differences in symptoms and health-related impacts 3 and 6 months after the first SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: Participants included adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection enrolled in a prospective multicenter US study between 12/11/2020 and 7/4/2022 as the primary cohort of interest, as well as a SARS-CoV-2-negative cohort to account for non-SARS-CoV-2-infection impacts, who completed enrollment and 3-month surveys ( = 3,161; 2,402 SARS-CoV-2-positive, 759 SARS-CoV-2-negative).

Incidence of Fit Test Failure During N95 Respirator Reuse and Extended Use.

Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a widespread acute shortage of N95 respirators, prompting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to develop guidelines for extended use and limited reuse of N95s for health care workers (HCWs). While HCWs followed these guidelines to conserve N95s, evidence from clinical settings regarding the safety of reuse and extended use is limited.

Objective: To measure the incidence of fit test failure during N95 reuse and compare the incidence between N95 types.

National community disparities in prehospital penetrating trauma adjusted for income, 2020-2021.

Introduction: While Black individuals experienced disproportionately increased firearm violence and deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic, less is known about community level disparities. We sought to evaluate national community race and ethnicity differences in 2020 and 2021 rates of penetrating trauma.

Methods: We linked the 2018-2021 National Emergency Medical Services Information System databases to ZIP Code demographics.

Racial Disparities in Emergency Department Physical Restraint Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Recent studies have demonstrated that people of color are more likely to be restrained in emergency department (ED) settings compared with other patients, but many of these studies are based at a single site or health care system, limiting their generalizability.

Objective: To synthesize existing literature on risk of physical restraint use in adult EDs, specifically in reference to patients of different racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Data Sources: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL was performed from database inception to February 8, 2022.

Efficacy of emergency department calcium administration in cardiac arrest: A 9-year retrospective evaluation.

Background: The efficacy of empiric calcium for patients with undifferentiated cardiac arrest has come under increased scrutiny, including a randomized controlled trial that was stopped early due to a trend towards harm with calcium administration. However, small sample sizes and non-significant findings have hindered precise effect estimates. In this analysis we evaluate the association of calcium administration with survival in a large retrospective cohort of patients with cardiac arrest treated in the emergency department (ED).

Association Between SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Frequency of Acute Symptoms: Analysis of a Multi-institutional Prospective Cohort Study-December 20, 2020-June 20, 2022.

Background: While prior work examining severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern focused on hospitalization and death, less is known about differences in clinical presentation. We compared the prevalence of acute symptoms across pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE), a cohort study enrolling symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-positive participants.

Advance Care Planning Among Patients With Advanced Illness Presenting to the Emergency Department.

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) benefits emergency department (ED) patients with advanced illness. Although Medicare implemented physician reimbursement for ACP discussions in 2016, early studies found limited uptake.

Objective: We conducted a pilot study to assess ACP documentation and billing to inform the development of ED-based interventions to increase ACP.

Improvements to emergency department length of stay and user satisfaction after implementation of an integrated consult order.

Objective: Subspecialty consultation in the emergency department (ED) is a vital, albeit time consuming, part of modern medicine. Traditional consultation requires manual paging to initiate communication. Although consult orders through the electronic health record (EHR) may help, they do not facilitate 2-way communication.

Association of Initial SARS-CoV-2 Test Positivity With Patient-Reported Well-being 3 Months After a Symptomatic Illness.

Importance: Long-term sequelae after symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection may impact well-being, yet existing data primarily focus on discrete symptoms and/or health care use.

Objective: To compare patient-reported outcomes of physical, mental, and social well-being among adults with symptomatic illness who received a positive vs negative test result for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was a planned interim analysis of an ongoing multicenter prospective longitudinal registry study (the Innovative Support for Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry [INSPIRE]).

Opioid Analgesic Use After an Acute Pain Visit: Evidence from a Urolithiasis Patient Cohort.

Introduction: Urolithiasis causes severe acute pain and is commonly treated with opioid analgesics in the emergency department (ED). We examined opioid analgesic use after episodes of acute pain.

Methods: Using data from a longitudinal trial of ED patients with urolithiasis, we constructed multivariable models to estimate the adjusted probability of opioid analgesic use 3, 7, 30, and 90 days after ED discharge.

Extended-Release Naltrexone and Case Management for Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder in the Emergency Department.

Study Objective: To assess the feasibility of initiating treatment for alcohol use disorder with extended-release naltrexone and case management services in the emergency department (ED) and measure the intervention's impact on daily alcohol consumption and quality of life.

Methods: This is a 12-week prospective open-label single-arm study of a multimodal treatment for alcohol use disorder consisting of monthly extended-release naltrexone injections and case management services initiated at an urban academic ED. Participants were actively drinking adult patients in ED with known or suspected alcohol use disorder and an AUDIT-C score more than 4.

Effect of an ultrasound-first clinical decision tool in emergency department patients with suspected nephrolithiasis: A randomized trial.

Introduction: Previously, we found that the use of ultrasonography for patients with suspected nephrolithiasis resulted in similar outcomes and less radiation exposure vs. CT scan. In this study, we evaluated the implementation of an ultrasound-first clinical decision support (CDS) tool in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis.