Faster Acquisition and Improved Image Quality of T2-Weighted Dixon Breast MRI at 3T Using Deep Learning: A Prospective Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare image quality features and lesion characteristics between a faster deep learning (DL) reconstructed T2-weighted (T2-w) fast spin-echo (FSE) Dixon sequence with super-resolution (T2) and a conventional T2-w FSE Dixon sequence (T2) for breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted between November 2022 and April 2023 using a 3T scanner. Both T2 and T2 sequences were acquired for each patient.

Noninvasive Grading of Liver Fibrosis Based on Texture Analysis From MRI-Derived Radiomics.

Given the increasing global prevalence of metabolic syndrome, this study aimed to assess the potential of MRI-derived radiomics in noninvasively grading fibrosis. The study included 79 prospectively enrolled participants who had undergone MRE due to known or suspected liver disease between November 2022 and September 2023. Among them, 48 patients were diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed liver fibrosis.

From Phantoms to Patients: Improved Fusion and Voxel-Wise Analysis of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and FDG-Positron Emission Tomography in Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Combined Metabolic-Diffusivity Index (cDMI).

Hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) opens new possibilities in multimodal multiparametric (m2p) image analyses. But even the simultaneous acquisition of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not guarantee perfect voxel-by-voxel co-registration due to organs and distortions, especially in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which would be, however, crucial to derive biologically meaningful information. Thus, our aim was to optimize fusion and voxel-wise analyses of DWI and standardized uptake values (SUVs) using a novel software for m2p analyses.

Deep learning reconstructed T2-weighted Dixon imaging of the spine: Impact on acquisition time and image quality.

Purpose: To assess the image quality and impact on acquisition time of a novel deep learning based T2 Dixon sequence (T2) of the spine.

Methods: This prospective, single center study included n = 44 consecutive patients with a clinical indication for lumbar MRI at our university radiology department between September 2022 and March 2023. MRI examinations were performed on 1.

Value of MRI - T2 Mapping to Differentiate Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.

Standardized reporting of multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) is widespread and follows international standards (Pi-RADS). However, quantitative measurements from mpMRI are not widely comparable. Although T2 mapping sequences can provide repeatable quantitative image measurements and extract reliable imaging biomarkers from mpMRI, they are often time-consuming.

Accelerated Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in 3 T Breast MRI Using a Deep Learning Reconstruction Algorithm With Superresolution Processing: A Prospective Comparative Study.

Objectives: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) enhances specificity in multiparametric breast MRI but is associated with longer acquisition time. Deep learning (DL) reconstruction may significantly shorten acquisition time and improve spatial resolution. In this prospective study, we evaluated acquisition time and image quality of a DL-accelerated DWI sequence with superresolution processing (DWI DL ) in comparison to standard imaging including analysis of lesion conspicuity and contrast of invasive breast cancers (IBCs), benign lesions (BEs), and cysts.

Value of T Mapping MRI for Prostate Cancer Detection and Classification.

Background: Currently, multi-parametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) consists of a qualitative T , diffusion weighted, and dynamic contrast enhanced imaging. Quantification of T imaging might further standardize PCa detection and support artificial intelligence solutions.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of T mapping to detect prostate cancer (PCa) and to differentiate PCa aggressiveness.

Visualization of the epimysium and fascia thoracolumbalis at the lumbar spine using MRI.

Background: The fascia thoracolumbalis (FTL) is an important component for stabilization and motion control of the lumbar spine. It coordinates the traction forces of the autochthonous muscles of the back (AM) and connects them to the muscles of the abdominal wall, shoulder, and buttocks.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to describe the assessment of the normal FTL and epimysium of the AM in MRI and to identify patterns associated with pathological changes in the lumbar spine.

[Diagnostic value of a 3D-SPACE-sequence with compressed sensing technology for the knee joint].

Backround: SPACE (3D fast spin echo acquisition) sequences require long scan times for three-dimensional assessment of acute injury of the knee joint and are flawed due to geometric blurring. Their implementation into routine diagnostic imaging was not feasible until recently.

Objectives: By comparing conventional MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) sequences to 3D (three-dimensional) sequences, it was investigated whether the compressed sensing (CS) technique is inferior to the established 2D sequences with shorter examination times.

Advanced Diffusion-Weighted Abdominal Imaging: Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of High and Ultra-High b-Values for Lesion Detection and Image Quality.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the abdomen increasingly incorporates diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. Whereas DWI can substantially aid in detecting and characterizing suspicious findings, it remains unclear to what extent the use of ultra-high b-value DWI might further be of aid for the radiologist especially when using DWI sequences with advanced processing. The target of this study was therefore to compare high and ultra-high b-value DWI in abdominal MRI examinations.

Image Quality Assessment of 2D 3D T2WI and Evaluation of Ultra-high b-Value (b=2,000 mm/s) DWI for Response Assessment in Rectal Cancer.

Aim: The purpose of this IRB-approved, retrospective study was to compare image quality between 2D and high-resolution 3D, T2-weighted (T2WI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and to investigate the additional value of ultra-high b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI; b=2,000 mm/s) for both rectal cancer staging and evaluating treatment response.

Materials And Methods: From 12 February to 24 August 2016, 26 consecutive patients (22 males, four females; mean age: 61.9±14.

Real-time cardiac magnetic resonance cine imaging with sparse sampling and iterative reconstruction for left-ventricular measures: Comparison with gold-standard segmented steady-state free precession.

Background: Segmented cine imaging with a steady-state free-precession sequence (Cine-SSFP) is currently the gold standard technique for measuring ventricular volumes and mass, but due to multi breath-hold (BH) requirements, it is prone to misalignment of consecutive slices, time consuming and dependent on respiratory capacity. Real-time cine avoids those limitations, but poor spatial and temporal resolution of conventional sequences has prevented its routine application. We sought to examine the accuracy and feasibility of a newly developed real-time sequence with aggressive under-sampling of k-space using sparse sampling and iterative reconstruction (Cine-RT).

Comparison of myocardial T1 and T2 values in 3 T with T2* in 1.5 T in patients with iron overload and controls.

Myocardial iron quantification remains limited to 1.5 T systems with T2* measurement. The present study aimed at comparing myocardial T2* values at 1.

Feasibility study of computed vs measured high b-value (1400 s/mm²) diffusion-weighted MR images of the prostate.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of computed b = 1400 s/mm(2) (C-b1400) vs measured b = 1400 s/mm(2) (M-b1400) diffusion-weighted images (DWI) on lesion detection rate, image quality and quality of lesion demarcation using a modern 3T-MR system based on a small-field-of-view sequence (sFOV).

Methods: Thirty patients (PSA: 9.5 ± 8.

Areas suspicious for prostate cancer: MR-guided biopsy in patients with at least one transrectal US-guided biopsy with a negative finding--multiparametric MR imaging for detection and biopsy planning.

Purpose: To prospectively investigate the incremental value of multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging compared with standard T2-weighted imaging for biopsy planning.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the institutional review board; informed consent was obtained. Consecutive patients underwent T2-weighted imaging supplemented with multiparametric 1.

Phase I study of the angiogenesis inhibitor BIBF 1120 in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: BIBF 1120 is an oral, potent angiokinase inhibitor targeting receptors of the vascular endothelial growth factors, platelet-derived growth factors, and fibroblast growth factors. This phase I, accelerated titration study assessed the maximum tolerated dose, safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic effects of BIBF 1120.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-one patients with advanced cancers received BIBF 1120 in successive cohorts.

Simulation-based comparison of two approaches frequently used for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

The purpose was to compare two approaches for the acquisition and analysis of dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI data with respect to differences in the modelling of the arterial input-function (AIF), the dependency of the model parameters on physiological parameters and their numerical stability. Eight hundred tissue concentration curves were simulated for different combinations of perfusion, permeability, interstitial volume and plasma volume based on two measured AIFs and analysed according to the two commonly used approaches. The transfer constants (Approach 1) K (trans) and (Approach 2) k (ep) were correlated with all tissue parameters.

Assessment of vascular remodeling under antiangiogenic therapy using DCE-MRI and vessel size imaging.

Purpose: To assess vascular remodeling in tumors during two different antiangiogenic therapies with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and vessel size imaging and to evaluate the vessel size index (VSI) as a novel biomarker of therapy response.

Materials And Methods: In two independent experiments, nude mice bearing human skin squamous cell carcinoma xenografts were treated with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (bevacizumab) or a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (SU11248). Changes in tumor vascularity were assessed by DCE-MRI and vessel size imaging.

Metronomic antiangiogenic therapy with capecitabine and celecoxib in advanced tumor patients--results of a phase II study.

Background: Combined therapy of continuous low dose capecitabine and high dose celecoxib targeting angiogenesis was used in a phase II trial to treat advanced cancer patients. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) was used to monitor antiangiogenic effects.

Material And Methods: 37 Patients (21 men, 16 women), mean age 60 years, with advanced and progressive cancer of various tumor types were included.

Phase I clinical study of AZD2171, an oral vascular endothelial growth factor signaling inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: AZD2171 is a highly potent oral selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. This phase I study was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of increasing doses of AZD2171, with additional assessments of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and efficacy.

Patients And Methods: In part A, 36 patients with solid tumors and liver metastases refractory to standard therapies received once-daily oral AZD2171 (0.

Autoalignment of intervertebral disks.

Purpose: To develop an automated planning method to obtain double oblique slices for clinically relevant diagnoses of spine-related pathologies.

Materials And Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers, 18 patients with cervical spine (c-spine) pathologies, and 15 patients with lumbar spine (l-spine) pathologies were included in this study. The planning method requires no interaction and is calculated online on the MR scanner after two sagittal acquisitions (a MR myelogram and standard T2-weighted (T2W) acquisition).

Hemodynamical assessment of cavernous hemangioma in cavernous sinus using MR-DSA and conventional DSA.

We report a hemodynamical assessment of the blood turnover pattern as well as the imaging of cavernous hemangioma in a cavernous sinus using time-resolved contrast enhanced 2D projection MRA, also known as MR-DSA, and conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA), before and after radiotherapy. MR-DSA showed very fast dynamical images of a contrast turnover pattern and was well matched with the findings obtained from DSA. MR-DSA is a non-invasive study, and can replace DSA in examining a vascular tumor for the initial work-up and follow-up examination.

Dynamic contrast enhancement of paragangliomas of the head and neck: evaluation with time-resolved 2D MR projection angiography.

Our objective was to evaluate tumor hemodynamics of paragangliomas of the head and neck. A 2D magnetic resonance projection angiography (MRPA) protocol was developed. Six patients with histologically proven paragangliomas were included in the study.

Non-invasive follow-up evaluation of post-embolized AVM with time-resolved MRA: a case report.

We report the hemodynamic assessment in a patient with cerebral arteriovenous malformation using time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography (TRMRA), a non-invasive modality, and catheter-based digital subtraction angiography (DSA), before and after embolization. Comparison of the results showed that TR-MRA produced very fast dynamic images and the findings closely matched those obtained at DSA. For initial work-up and follow-up studies in patients with vascular lesions, TR-MRA and DSA are therefore comparable.

Assessment of pulmonary perfusion with ultrafast projection magnetic resonance angiography in comparison with lung perfusion scintigraphy in patients with malignant stenosis.

Rationale And Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate and measure perfusion deficits caused by central bronchogenic carcinoma and to compare magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) perfusion data with data of perfusion scintigraphy. The diagnostic value of 2D MRA in detection of malignant pulmonary artery stenosis in comparison with conventional DSA was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen patients were included in the study.