Early clinical experiences with the new influenza A (H1N1/09).

Background: Because of ongoing person-to-person transmission of the disease, the World Health Organization has declared a phase 6 pandemic alert for the new type of influenza A (H1N1/09). This means that the spread of the disease must be closely monitored.

Methods: At the Düsseldorf University Hospital, patients with flu-like symptoms and their contacts have been tested for the new type of influenza A since April 2009.

No influence of the P-glycoprotein polymorphisms MDR1 G2677T/A and C3435T on the virological and immunological response in treatment naïve HIV-positive patients.

Background: In a retrospective study of HIV-infected patients, we investigated the influence of the MDR1 genotype (G2677T/A and C3435T) on the virological and immunological response of treatment naive patients.

Methods: The MDR1 genotype was analysed from 72 patients in whom antiretroviral therapy was initiated between 1998 and 2004. Data were obtained at week 4, 12, 24 and 48 and were analysed by the Kruskal-Wallis test.

No influence of the P-glycoprotein genotype (MDR1 C3435T) on plasma levels of lopinavir and efavirenz during antiretroviral treatment.

Background: In a retrospective study of HIV patients under antiretroviral therapy, we investigated the influence of the MDR1 genotype (C3435T) on plasma levels of lopinavir (LPV) and efavirenz (EFV).

Methods: The MDR1 genotype was analysed from 67 patients who were treated with LPV (n = 32; mean treatment period 53 weeks) and/or EFV (n = 43, mean treatment period 105 weeks) between 1999 and 2003. Plasma levels of LPV (trough levels) and EFV (12-h-levels) were determined every three months.