Quantifying osteosynthesis plate prominence - mathematical definitions and case study on a clavicle plate.

Hardware prominence remains a clinical challenge in focus for implant design in subcutaneous plate applications. Existing evaluation of hardware prominence relies on plate-to-bone distance at a single point or on average. A reproducible measure for plate prominence remains undefined.

Mumbling: Macho or Morphology?

Purpose: Mumbling as opposed to clear speech is a typical male characteristic in speech and can be the consequence of a small jaw opening. Whereas behavioral reasons have often been offered to explain sex-specific differences with respect to clear speech, the purpose of this study is to investigate a potential anatomical reason for smaller jaw openings in male than in female speakers.

Method: Articulatory data from 2 data sets (American English and German) were analyzed with respect to jaw opening in low vowels during speech.

Reperfusion therapy for acute ST-elevation and non ST-elevation myocardial infarction: what can be achieved in daily clinical practice in unselected patients at an interventional center?

Background: In the year 2000 a new definition of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was introduced, now differentiating ST segment elevation AMI (STEMI) from non-ST segment elevation AMI (NSTEMI). The characterization of AMI patients according to this definition is still incomplete.

Methods And Results: 888 consecutive AMI patients at a single interventional center were included: 493 (55.

Statin use and survival in patients with chronic heart failure--results from two observational studies with 5200 patients.

Background: There is minimal evidence that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) are beneficial in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Treatment with statins may lead to a lower mortality in CHF, independent of cholesterol levels, CHF etiology and clinical status.

Methods: In a first study, we included 3132 patients with CHF from the ELITE 2 study in whom information on body mass index (BMI) and statin use at baseline were available.

EGG open quotient in aging voices--changes with increasing chronological age and its perception.

This paper presents the results of open quotient (OQ) measurements in electroglottographic (EGG) signals of young (18-30 years) and elderly (60-82 years) male and female speakers. The paper further presents quantitative results of the relation between the EGG OQ and the perception of a speaker's age. Higgins and Saxman found a decreased EGG OQ with increased age for females, while the EGG OQ increased for males as the speaker's age increased in sustained vowel material 1.

Isotope characteristics of vegetables and wheat from conventional and organic production.

Multielement isotope ratio analysis was checked for its suitability as a means for the discrimination between agricultural products from integrated/conventional or organic production, respectively. Differences were mainly found for delta15N-values. Paprika and tomatoes from organic production in greenhouses showed delta15N-values above+7 per thousand, whereas corresponding products from conventional cultivation had delta15N-values near 0 per thousand.