First Report on the Emergence of as a Severe Economic Threat to Strawberry Production in Germany.

Strawberries hold significant economic importance in both German and global agriculture. However, their yield is often adversely affected by fungal diseases. This study describes as a newly emerging pathogen responsible for leaf blight and fruit rot in strawberries in Germany.

Efficacy of spp. and sp. Both Independently and Combined with Fungicides against on Strawberries.

The ascomycete is a major pathogen of strawberry, often causing grey mold and significant yield losses. Its management has largely relied on chemical fungicides, which, while effective, can lead to resistant pathogens and harm to non-target organisms and pose health risks. This study explored a strategy for minimizing chemical usage by combining biocontrol agents (BCAs) with half-strength fungicide input.

Grapevine Pinot gris virus spreads in infected vineyards: latent infections have no direct impact on grape production.

Background: Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) infects grapevines worldwide and causes symptoms such as chlorotic mottling and deformations on leaves, stunted shoots and short panicles, or none of these symptoms if it appears as latent infection. So far, the consequences of GPGV infections for winegrowers are difficult to assess since important information such as plant performance at different GPGV infection levels and symptom expression are not fully clarified.

Methods: In order to investigate the course of GPGV spread, annual visual evaluations and ELISA tests were conducted over 3-4 consecutive years in four GPGV-infected vineyards in southern Germany: GEM, HEC, NIM, and REI.

Arthropods as Vectors of Grapevine Trunk Disease Pathogens: Quantification of on Arthropods and Mycobiome Analysis of Earwig Exoskeletons.

Viticulture worldwide is challenged by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs). Involvement of arthropods in the dissemination process of GTD pathogens, notably esca pathogens, is indicated after detection of associated pathogens on arthropod exoskeletons, and demonstration of transmission under artificial conditions. The present study is the first to quantify spore loads via qPCR of the esca-relevant pathogen on arthropods collected in German vineyards, i.

Effects of succession crops and soil tillage on suppressing the syndrome 'basses richesses' vector Pentastiridius leporinus in sugar beet.

Background: Pentastiridius leporinus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) is the most important vector of syndrome 'basses richesses' (SBR), a new disease that leads to severe economic losses in sugar beet. In this study, different soil tillage methods (ploughing and cultivator) and crops (winter wheat, spring wheat, maize and bare soil) following SBR-infested sugar beet were tested as potential management options in field trials. In the laboratory, the survival and development of first and third instar nymphs on wheat and maize was studied to further assess their suitability as host plants.

Hyperspectral Imaging and Selected Biological Control Agents for the Management of Fusarium Head Blight in Spring Wheat.

spp. are important pathogens on cereals, capable of causing considerable yield losses and significantly reducing the quality of harvested grains due to contamination with mycotoxins. The European Union intends to reduce the use of chemical-synthetic plant protection products (csPPP) by up to 50% by the year 2030.

Mycoviruses in the Rust Fungus .

, the causal agent of broad bean rust, is a major cause of yield losses in North and East Africa, China, and Australia. It has also served as an important model species for research on rust fungi. Early EST sequencing in showed that viruses might be present in this species; however, no follow-up investigations were conducted.

Characterization ofantifungal properties of lipopeptide-producing strains and their proteome-based response to the phytopathogens, spp.

strains are of interest in agricultural applications due to their beneficial interactions with plants, notable through their antimicrobial activity. The biocontrol ability of two new lipopeptides-producing strains ES1-02 and EFSO2-04, against fungal phytopathogens of spp., was evaluated and compared with reference strains QST713 and FZB42.

Molecular identification of endophytes from maize roots and their biocontrol potential against toxigenic fungi of Nigerian maize.

Plants benefit from plant-associated microorganisms, of which endophytes are of particular interest as they are transmitted from generation to generation. This study characterises endophytes from maize roots and determines their biocontrol potential against toxigenic fungi in Nigerian maize. Maize roots were collected from farms in Lafia, and stored grain samples were collected from the six Northern States of Nigeria, from which endophytes and toxigenic fungal strains were isolated.

Diagnosis of Soybean Diseases Caused by Fungal and Oomycete Pathogens: Existing Methods and New Developments.

Soybean () acreage is increasing dramatically, together with the use of soybean as a source of vegetable protein and oil. However, soybean production is affected by several diseases, especially diseases caused by fungal seed-borne pathogens. As infected seeds often appear symptomless, diagnosis by applying accurate detection techniques is essential to prevent propagation of pathogens.

Characterization of UTB96, Demonstrating Improved Lipopeptide Production Compared to the Strain FZB42.

strains can produce various lipopeptides, known for their antifungal properties. This makes them attractive metabolites for applications in agriculture. Therefore, identification of productive wild-type strains is essential for the development of biopesticides.

Isolation, Identification, and Biocontrol Potential of Root Fungal Endophytes Associated with Solanaceous Plants against Potato Late Blight ().

Late blight of potato caused by is one of the most damaging diseases affecting potato production worldwide. We screened 357 root fungal endophytes isolated from four solanaceous plant species obtained from Kenya regarding their in vitro antagonistic activity against the potato late blight pathogen and evaluated their performance in planta. Preliminary in vitro tests revealed that 46 of these isolates showed potential activity against the pathogen.

New Approaches to Manage Asian Soybean Rust () Using spp. or Their Antifungal Secondary Metabolites.

Attempts have been made to determine the and suppressive potential of particular strains (T16 and T23) and their secondary metabolites (SMs) against Asian soybean rust (ASR) incited by . Aside from the previously identified SMs 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PAP) and viridiofungin A (VFA), the chemical structures of harzianic acid (HA), iso-harzianic acid (iso-HA), and harzianolide (HZL) were characterized in this study. Our results indicate that exposure of urediospores to 200 ppm 6PAP completely inhibits germination.

Successful Silencing of the Mycotoxin Synthesis Gene in and Observation of Reduced Virulence in VIGS and SIGS Experiments.

Crops constantly experience various biotic stresses during their life cycle, and spp. remain one of the most serious groups of pathogens affecting plants. The ability to manipulate the expression of certain microorganism genes via RNAi creates the opportunity for new-generation dsRNA-based preparations to control a large number of diseases.

Genome-wide association study reveals white lupin candidate gene involved in anthracnose resistance.

GWAS identifies candidate gene controlling resistance to anthracnose disease in white lupin. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is a promising grain legume to meet the growing demand for plant-based protein.

Establishment of a quadruplex real-time PCR assay to distinguish the fungal pathogens Diaporthe longicolla, D. caulivora, D. eres, and D. novem on soybean.

Diaporthe species are fungal plant pathogens of many important crops. Seed decay is one of the most important diseases on soybean. It is caused by various species of the genus Diaporthe and responsible for significant economic damage.

Rapid Collection and Aptamer-Based Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Soybean Rust Fungi Airborne Urediniospores.

Plants are the central source of food for humans around the world. Unfortunately, plants can be negatively affected by diverse kinds of diseases that are responsible for major economic losses worldwide. Thus, monitoring plant health and early detection of pathogens are essential to reduce disease spread and facilitate effective management practices.

Adaptive regulation of virulence genes by microRNA-like RNAs in Valsa mali.

MicroRNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in plants and animals. However, little information is known about the action mechanism and function of fungal microRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs). In this study, combining deep sequencing, molecular and histological assays, milRNAs and their targets in the phytopathogenic fungus Valsa mali were isolated and identified.

Identification and Characterization of Nep1-Like Proteins From the Grapevine Downy Mildew Pathogen .

The obligate biotrophic oomycete causes tremendous problems in viticulture by evoking grapevine downy mildew. , like other plant pathogens, achieves infection by suppression of plant innate immunity by secretion of effector molecules into its host plant. An ever-expanding family of proteins with effector-like characteristics is formed by the "Necrosis and Ethylene inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins" (NLPs).

Candidate Effectors From , the Causal Agent of Rust on Common Bean, Can Be Discriminated Based on Suppression of Immune Responses.

Rust fungi are devastating pathogens for several important crop plants. The biotrophic lifestyle of rust fungi requires that they influence their host plants to create a favorable environment for growth and reproduction. Rust fungi secrete a variety of effector proteins that manipulate host target proteins to alter plant metabolism and suppress defense responses.

Use of Botanicals to Suppress Different Stages of the Life Cycle of .

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important cereal diseases worldwide, causing yield losses and contamination of harvested products with mycotoxins. is one of the most common FHB-causing species in wheat and barley cropping systems. We assessed the ability of different botanical extracts to suppress essential stages of the fungal life cycle using three strains of (FG0410, FG2113, and FG1145).