Effectiveness of Telemedicine and Teledentistry after the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Telemedicine has become increasingly important worldwide over the last two decades. As a new field, it became known especially during the COVID-19 pandemic; this review presents fields of activity with special attention to opportunities and risks. Numerous areas of application offer the possibility for broad use in the medical and dental care landscape in diagnostics, therapy, rehabilitation, and decision advice across a spatial distance.

Simple computation of the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) using spreadsheet-software: method and evaluation in five maxillofacial CBCT-devices.

Objectives: To develop a simple way to compute the approximated modulation transfer function (MTF) manually using conventional spreadsheet software.

Methods: Basing on an edge-image a method was developed, facilitating computation of the edge spread and line spread function in open-source spreadsheet software (Gnumeric; http://projects.gnome.

Role of ambient light in the detection of contrast elements in digital dental radiography.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different ambient light levels on observer detection of small contrast differences in a contrast phantom by using a high-end liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor.

Study Design: An aluminum step wedge was converted into a contrast phantom by the addition of bore holes. Radiographic images of the contrast elements were presented to 20 observers.

Influence of a Commercial Lead Apron on Patient Skin Dose Delivered During Oral and Maxillofacial Examinations under Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of a commercial lead apron on patient skin dose delivered during maxillofacial CBCT in five critical regions by means of solid-state-dosimetry. Five anatomical regions (thyroid gland, left and right breast, gonads, back of the phantom torso) in an adult female anthropomorphic phantom were selected for dose measurement by means of the highly sensitive solid-state dosimeter QUART didoSVM. Ten repeated single exposures were assessed for each patient body region for a total of five commercial CBCT devices with and without a lead apron present.

Skin entrance dose with and without lead apron in digital panoramic radiography for selected sensitive body regions.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the dose at skin level at five significant anatomical regions for panoramic radiography devices with and without lead apron by means of a highly sensitive dosimeter.

Materials And Methods: A female RANDO-phantom was exposed in five different digital panoramic radiography systems, and the dose at skin level was assessed tenfold for each measurement region by means of a highly sensitive solid-state-dosimeter. The five measurement regions selected were the thyroid, both female breasts, the gonads, and a central region in the back of the phantom.

Ink-jet printout of radiographs on transparent film and glossy paper versus monitor display: an ROC analysis.

The aim of this study was to compare the depiction ability of small grayscale contrasts in ink-jet printouts of digital radiographs on different print media with CRT monitor. A CCD-based digital cephalometric image of a stepless aluminum wedge containing 50 bur holes of different depth was cut into 100 isometric images. Each image was printed on glossy paper and on transparent film by means of a high-resolution desktop inkjet printer at specific settings.

On cone-beam computed tomography artifacts induced by titanium implants.

Objectives: To briefly review the mathematical background of beam-hardening artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-reconstruction and to investigate geometrical properties relevant for these reconstruction errors. By means of simulated and experimental results, beam-hardening effects caused by titanium implants are evaluated.

Materials And Methods: The geometrical and physical properties of the acquisition process of the projections used for 3D reconstruction are investigated and their effects on the CBCT images in the presence of titanium implants are derived.

In vitro perception of low-contrast features in digital, film, and digitized dental radiographs: a receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Objective: To compare experimentally the image quality of charged-coupled device (CCD)-based digital, flatbed scanner digitized, and dental film radiographs.

Study Design: High-contrast standardized radiographs of an aluminum step wedge containing boreholes were obtained on dental radiographic film (F) and a CCD receptor (D). Digitization (S) was done with a flatbed scanner.

In vitro carious lesion detection on D-, E-, and F-speed radiographic films.

Objectives: To compare the accuracy in detection of interproximal natural carious lesions in vitro between Ultraspeed (D), Ektaspeed Plus (E), and Insight (F) radiographic films.

Study Design: Ten observers indicated on a 5-point scale their confidence in detecting an interproximal lesion in 240 surfaces (120 extracted teeth) with noncavitated carious lesions. Truth was assessed microscopically from hemisections.

Landmark identification on direct digital versus film-based cephalometric radiographs: a human skull study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in landmark identification on vertically scanned, direct digital and conventional (18 x 24 cm) cephalometric radiographs. Eight observers, all orthodontists or postgraduate orthodontic students, recorded 6 landmarks twice on 3 digital and 3 conventional cephalograms obtained from 3 human skulls in a standardized fashion. Digital images were displayed on a 15.

Contrast perception in digitized panoramic radiographs compared with their film-based origin.

Objectives: We sought to compare the visual image quality of film-based and digitized panoramic radiographs through use of a hole-containing test wedge.

Study Design: An aluminum wedge containing 100 cells, of which 90 were given shallow holes, was exposed in the film-based Orthophos CD panoramic unit. Two radiographs subjectively exhibiting optimum contrast were selected.