Evolutionary and Epidemiological Insights from Historical and Modern Genomes of pv. , the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Rice.

pv. () causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of rice. This disease represents a major constraint for rice production, which is a crop feeding more than half of the world's population.

Comparative transcriptomics reveals a highly polymorphic Xanthomonas HrpG virulence regulon.

Background: Bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas cause economically significant diseases in various crops. Their virulence is dependent on the translocation of type III effectors (T3Es) into plant cells by the type III secretion system (T3SS), a process regulated by the master response regulator HrpG. Although HrpG has been studied for over two decades, its regulon across diverse Xanthomonas species, particularly beyond type III secretion, remains understudied.

Draft genome sequence of pv. pruni PVCT 262.1 isolated from in italy.

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of pv. pruni strain PVCT 262.1, isolated from almond () leaves affected by bacterial spots in Italy in 2020.

A Community-Curated DokuWiki Resource on Diagnostics, Diversity, Pathogenicity, and Genetic Control of Xanthomonads.

Xanthomonads, including and species, constitute a large and significant group of economically and ecologically important plant pathogens. Up-to-date knowledge of these pathogens and their hosts is essential for the development of suitable control measures. Traditional review articles or book chapters have inherent limitations, including static content and rapid obsolescence.

High genomic plasticity and unique features of Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis revealed through comparative analysis of complete genome sequences.

Background: Xanthomonas translucens pv. graminis (Xtg) is a major bacterial pathogen of economically important forage grasses, causing severe yield losses. So far, genomic resources for this pathovar consisted mostly of draft genome sequences, and only one complete genome sequence was available, preventing comprehensive comparative genomic analyses.

A minisatellite-based MLVA for deciphering the global epidemiology of the bacterial cassava pathogen Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis.

Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB) is a destructive disease widely distributed in the different areas where this crop is grown. Populations studies have been performed at local and national scales revealing a geographical genetic structure with temporal variations. A global epidemiology analysis of its causal agent Xanthomonas phaseoli pv.

Comparative Genomics Identifies Conserved and Variable TAL Effectors in African Strains of the Cotton Pathogen pv. .

Strains of pv. cause bacterial blight of cotton, a potentially serious threat to cotton production worldwide, including in sub-Saharan countries. Development of disease symptoms, such as water soaking, has been linked to the activity of a class of type 3 effectors, called transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors, which induce susceptibility genes in the host's cells.

Assembling highly repetitive Xanthomonas TALomes using Oxford Nanopore sequencing.

Background: Most plant-pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria harbor transcription activator-like effector (TALE) genes, which function as transcriptional activators of host plant genes and support infection. The entire repertoire of up to 29 TALE genes of a Xanthomonas strain is also referred to as TALome. The DNA-binding domain of TALEs is comprised of highly conserved repeats and TALE genes often occur in gene clusters, which precludes the assembly of TALE-carrying Xanthomonas genomes based on standard sequencing approaches.

CRISPRi in Xanthomonas demonstrates functional convergence of transcription activator-like effectors in two divergent pathogens.

Functional analysis of large gene families in plant pathogens can be cumbersome using classical insertional mutagenesis. Additionally, Cas9 toxicity has limited the application of CRISPR-Cas9 for directed mutagenesis in bacteria. Here, we successfully applied a CRISPR interference strategy to investigate the cryptic role of the transcription activator-like effector (tale) multigene family in several plant-pathogenic Xanthomonas bacterial species, owing to their contribution to pathogen virulence.

Integrating Science on and for Integrated Plant Disease Management.

Present, emerging or re-emerging plant diseases due to infection by bacteria of the (syn: ) family are continually challenging food security and cause significant losses to the economies of European countries each year [...

Complete Genome Sequencing of Three Clade-1 Xanthomonads Reveals Genetic Determinants for a Lateral Flagellin and the Biosynthesis of Coronatine-Like Molecules in .

Evolutionarily, early-branching xanthomonads, also referred to as clade-1 xanthomonads, include major plant pathogens, most of which colonize monocotyledonous plants. Seven species have been validly described, among them the two sugarcane pathogens and , as well as , which infects small-grain cereals and diverse grasses but also asparagus and pistachio trees. Single-gene sequencing and genomic approaches have indicated that this clade likely contains more, yet-undescribed species.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats in -Witnesses to a Global Expansion of a Bacterial Pathogen over Time.

pv. , a Gram-negative bacterium, is the causal agent of citrus canker, a significant threat to citrus production. Understanding of global expansion of the pathogen and monitoring introduction into new regions are of interest for integrated disease management at the local and global level.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from crown gall tissues.

The genus contains a set of diverse bacterial strains, most of which are known for their pathogenicity on annual crops and fruit trees causing economically important plant diseases. Recently, five strains were isolated from -induced crown gall tissues of amaranth ( sp.) and weeping fig () plants in Iran.

Complete Genome Assemblies of All Pathotype Strains Reveal Three Genetically Distinct Clades.

The species comprises phytopathogenic bacteria that can cause serious damage to cereals and to forage grasses. So far, the genomic resources for were limited, which hindered further understanding of the host-pathogen interactions at the molecular level and the development of disease-resistant cultivars. To this end, we complemented the available complete genome sequence of the pv.

Taxonomic Refinement of .

comprises a number of economically important fruit tree pathogens classified within different pathovars. Dozens of nonpathogenic and taxonomically unvalidated strains are also designated as , leading to a complicated taxonomic status in the species. In this study, we have evaluated the whole-genome resources of all available spp.

Complete Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. SB80, a Race 4 Strain Isolated from White Head Cabbage in Turkey.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the race 4 strain Xanthomonas campestris pv. SB80, which was isolated from a symptomatic white head cabbage leaf in Samsun Province, Turkey, in 2019. The genome consists of a circular chromosome (5,129,762 bp) with a G+C content of 64.

Phenotypic and Molecular-Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Distinct Features of Crown Gall-Associated Strains.

In summer 2019, widespread occurrence of crown gall disease caused by spp. was observed on commercially grown ornamental plants in southern Iran. Beside agrobacteria, pale yellow-pigmented Gram-negative strains resembling the members of were also associated with crown gall tissues on weeping fig (Ficus benjamina) and sp.

Xanthomonas hortorum - beyond gardens: Current taxonomy, genomics, and virulence repertoires.

Taxonomy: Bacteria; Phylum Proteobacteria; Class Gammaproteobacteria; Order Lysobacterales (earlier synonym of Xanthomonadales); Family Lysobacteraceae (earlier synonym of Xanthomonadaceae); Genus Xanthomonas; Species X. hortorum; Pathovars: pv. carotae, pv.

An atypical class of non-coding small RNAs is produced in rice leaves upon bacterial infection.

Non-coding small RNAs (sRNA) act as mediators of gene silencing and regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. Early insights into plant sRNAs established a role in antiviral defense and they are now extensively studied across plant-microbe interactions. Here, sRNA sequencing discovered a class of sRNA in rice (Oryza sativa) specifically associated with foliar diseases caused by Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria.

Development of two loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) genomics-informed diagnostic protocols for rapid detection of species on rice.

At least three species of are responsible for bacterial blight disease and grain discoloration of rice in Sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, measures need to be taken to limit the pathogens' dispersion and robust diagnostic tools are required for rapid and cheap diagnosis in the field as well as for routine seed certification or control. Therefore, several diagnostic tools such as simplex and multiplex PCR schemes and a semi-selective medium have been developed and are being used.

Trends in Molecular Diagnosis and Diversity Studies for Phytosanitary Regulated .

Bacteria in the genus infect a wide range of crops and wild plants, with most species responsible for plant diseases that have a global economic and environmental impact on the seed, plant, and food trade. Infections by spp. cause a wide variety of non-specific symptoms, making their identification difficult.

Molecular Epidemiology of Strains from the Balkan Peninsula Revealed by a New Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Scheme.

Bacterial spot of pepper and tomato is caused by at least three species of , among them two pathovars of , which are responsible for significant yield losses on all continents. In order to trace back the spread of bacterial spot pathogens within and among countries, we developed the first multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analyses (MLVA) scheme for pepper- and tomato-pathogenic strains of . In this work, we assessed the repeat numbers by DNA sequencing of 16 tandem repeat loci and applied this new tool to analyse a representative set of 88 pepper strains from Bulgaria and North Macedonia.