C₆₀ exposure augments cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and coronary artery contraction in Sprague Dawley rats.

The potential uses of engineered C₆₀ fullerene (C₆₀) have expanded in recent decades to include industrial and biomedical applications. Based on clinical findings associated with particulate matter exposure and our data with multi-walled carbon nanotubes, we hypothesized that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and pharmacological responses in isolated coronary arteries would depend upon the route of exposure and gender in rats instilled with C₆₀. Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were used to test this hypothesis by surgical induction of cardiac I/R injury in situ 24 h after intratracheal (IT) or intravenous (IV) instillation of 28 μg of C₆₀ formulated in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or PVP vehicle.

Expansion of cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury after instillation of three forms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes.

Background: The exceptional physical-chemical properties of carbon nanotubes have lead to their use in diverse commercial and biomedical applications. However, their utilization has raised concerns about human exposure that may predispose individuals to adverse health risks. The present study investigated the susceptibility to cardiac ischemic injury following a single exposure to various forms of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).

A carbon nanotube toxicity paradigm driven by mast cells and the IL-₃₃/ST₂ axis.

Concern about the use of nanomaterials has increased significantly in recent years due to potentially hazardous impacts on human health. Mast cells are critical for innate and adaptive immune responses, often modulating allergic and pathogenic conditions. Mast cells are well known to act in response to danger signals through a variety of receptors and pathways including IL-33 and the IL-1-like receptor ST2.

Duplex ultrasound screening detects high rates of deep vein thromboses in critically ill trauma patients.

Objective: American College of Chest Physician (ACCP) guidelines stratify deep venous thrombosis (DVT) risk in trauma patients based on injury pattern and pharmacologic prophylaxis. Screening is only recommended for patients with high-risk injuries who are unable to receive pharmacologic prophylaxis. However, the prevalence of lower extremity DVT (LEDVT) in trauma patients may be higher than reported in previous studies as many studies on DVT screening have not investigated calf vein DVTs (CVDVT) and have not exclusively targeted critically ill patients.