Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Outcomes of Peak-Trough-Based Versus Trough-Based Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Approaches: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is based on achieving 24-h area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration cure breakpoints (AUC/MIC). Approaches to vancomycin TDM vary, with no head-to-head randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparisons to date.

Objectives: We aimed to compare clinical and pharmacokinetic outcomes between peak-trough-based and trough-only-based vancomycin TDM approaches and to determine the relationship between vancomycin AUC/MIC and cure rates.

Diagnostic difficulties in human rabies: A case report and review of the literature.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease with the highest fatality rate of any infectious disease. The clinical features of rabies encephalopathy are highly nonspecific at the onset and clinicians from low endemic areas usually face difficulties in recognizing cases during the early stages. The need for establishing a rapid and accurate test to identify rabies during the ante-mortem period is important.