Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Bilateral Symmetrical Superior Oblique Nasal Tenotomy in Patients of Large A-Pattern Exotropia.

Purpose: To report the long-term outcomes of bilateral symmetrical superior oblique (SO) nasal tenotomy in patients with large A-pattern exotropia (≥25 prism diopter [PD]).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 15 patients (aged: 4-28 years) of large A-pattern exotropia. An A-pattern was defined as >10 PD difference between up and down gaze at 6 m by use of the alternate prism cover test.

Factors Determining Improvement in Stereopsis and Binocularity After Good Postoperative Alignment in Patients With Childhood-Onset Strabismus.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to determine the factors that affect the outcome of strabismus surgery in terms of improvement in stereopsis and binocularity.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively from patients with childhood-onset, concomitant, constant strabismus greater than 30 prism diopters (PD) with postoperative alignment within 10 PD. Pre- and postoperative stereopsis and binocularity testing were performed using the Titmus fly test, random dot test, Bagolini striated glass test, and Worth four dot test at one, four, and 12 weeks postoperatively.

An Unusual Presentation of Retrobulbar Cavernous Hemangioma in a Young Woman.

A 38-year-old woman presented with sudden-onset painful lid swelling, proptosis and external ophthalmoplegia on the right side for 20 days, associated with loss of vision for nine days. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), a retrobulbar mass was noted involving intraconal and extraconal spaces, extending up to the orbital foramina with enhancement and thickening of meninges. CT arteriography further revealed multiple feeding vessels from the maxillary artery.

Role of spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and prognosis of papilledema.

Purpose: The study of papilledema with a novel noninvasive technique such as spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides minute and detailed cross-sectional changes thus giving an insight into the application of biomechanical principles and pathophysiology of disc edema.

Methods: We measured average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and the retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch's membrane (RPE/BM) angle at the temporal and nasal borders of the neural canal opening (NCO) in 30 eyes with papilledema, 30 eyes with papillitis, and 80 control eyes. The inward angulation was considered as positive and the outward as negative.

Comparison of home-based pencil push-up therapy and office-based orthoptic therapy in symptomatic patients of convergence insufficiency: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To assess and compare the effectiveness of home-based pencil push-up therapy (PPT) and office-based orthoptic therapy (OBOT) in patients with convergence insufficiency.

Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 176 symptomatic patients with convergence insufficiency, aged between 9 to 30 years, were randomly assigned to receive 6 weeks of home-based PPT (Group I) or OBOT (Group II) after determining refractive error, near point of convergence (NPC), convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS) score, near phoria and positive fusional vergences (PFV) at near. The participants of Group I underwent home-based PPT (pencil push-ups exercises15 minutes per day, daily for 6 weeks) and those of Group II OBOT (convergence fusional exercises on synoptophore for 20 min per day, 3 days a week, for 6 weeks) without home reinforcement.

Accuracy of anterior segment optical coherence tomography for pre-operative localization of insertions of extraocular recti muscles.

Introduction: To study the accuracy of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) function of Cirrus HD-OCT 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) in calculating the insertion of rectus muscles from the limbus in patients undergoing primary squint surgery.

Methodology: A prospective, double-masked, observational study was conducted on 128 muscles of 46 patients with strabismus who were planned for strabismus surgery between January 2019 and December 2019. Insertion distance from limbus was measured using AS-OCT function of Cirrus HD-OCT 500 preoperatively.

An unusual association of Morning Glory Syndrome with chronic myeloid leukemia-Philadelphia chromosome.

Morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) is a rare congenital malformation that results from the incomplete formation of the optic nerve in utero. The majority of the patients have unilateral involvement and poor vision leading to sensory strabismus. Morning Glory Syndrome (MGS) may be a part of other syndromes and systemic abnormalities like transsphenoidal basal encephalocele, midfacial malformations, absent optic chiasma, MoyaMoya syndrome, and renal agenesis.

Surgical outcomes of augmented bilateral lateral rectus recession with conjunctival recession in patients of intermittent exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the surgical outcome of augmented BLR recession with conjunctival recession in cases of IXT.

Method: A total of 15 patients of the basic type of IXT were included in this prospective study. The patients underwent augmented BLR recession with conjunctival recession and on the basis of postoperative deviation, the outcome was assessed in terms OF orthophoria/success (< or =10 PD exotropia and < or =5 PD esotropia), residual exotropia/undercorrection (>10 PD exotropia), and overcorrection (>5 PD esotropia).

Reducing Waiting-time of Preterm Babies at a Retinopathy of Prematurity Clinic: A Quality Improvement Project.

Objective: To decrease the waiting time for preterm babies visiting the Retinopathy of prematurity clinic in a tertiary eye hospital.

Design: Interventional study.

Setting: Tertiary eye care hospital.