Increased Imminent Fracture Risk in Liver Transplant Recipients Despite Bisphosphonate Therapy.

Background: Bone loss is significant after orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) and is associated with increased fracture risk and decreased quality of life. In post-transplant fracture prevention, the cornerstone of therapeutic management is bisphosphonates.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in a cohort of 155 OLT recipients who received a bisphosphonate prescription at hospital discharge between 2012 and 2016 to investigate post-OLT fragility fracture incidence and predictive risk factors.

Clinical Implementation of Different Strategies for Exercise-Based Rehabilitation in Kidney and Liver Transplant Recipients: A Pilot Study.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is among the leading causes of death in solid organ transplant recipients with a functional graft. Although these patients could theoretically benefit from exercise-based rehabilitation (EBR) programs, their implementation is a challenge.

Objective: We present our initial experience on different delivery modes of a pilot EBR program in kidney and liver transplant recipients.

Neutrophils pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine release in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.

Aims: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is characterized by sub-clinical inflammation. Changes in selected biomarkers of inflammation concomitant with the release of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by neutrophils have not been investigated in patients with HFrEF.

Methods And Results: Fifty-two patients, aged 68.

Angiopoietin 1 release from human neutrophils is independent from neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).

Background: Neutrophils induce the synthesis and release of angiopoietin 1 (Ang1), a cytosolic growth factor involved in angiogenesis and capable of inducing several pro-inflammatory activities in neutrophils. Neutrophils also synthesize and release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), comprised from decondensed nuclear DNA filaments carrying proteins such as neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteinase 3 (PR3) and calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9), which together, contribute to the innate immune response against pathogens (e.g.

The effects of exercise training in adult solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Reduced exercise capacity can predispose solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients to higher risk of diabetes, cardiovascular complications, and mortality and impact their quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of exercise training (versus no training) in adult SOT recipients. We conducted an electronic search of randomized controlled trials reporting on exercise interventions in SOT recipients.

Exercise for Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Recipients: A Joint Position Statement of the Canadian Society of Transplantation and CAN-RESTORE.

Background: The objectives of this position statement were to provide evidence-based and expert-informed recommendations for exercise training in adult and children solid organ transplant (SOT) candidates and recipients and on the outcomes relevant to exercise training and physical function that should be evaluated in SOT.

Methods: We identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of exercise interventions in adult and pediatric SOT candidates and recipients. When RCTs were not available, studies of any design were reviewed.

CRP Induces NETosis in Heart Failure Patients with or without Diabetes.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is recognized as a biomarker of chronic, low-grade inflammation associated with vascular disorders. Lately, the role of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been investigated as a potential source of chronic inflammation and cardiovascular complications. This study investigated NETs as a marker of inflammation in patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF) with or without type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and examined the correlation between NETs and CRP.

Temporal Changes on the Risks and Complications of Posttransplantion Diabetes Mellitus Following Cardiac Transplantation.

Background: Recent changes in the demographic of cardiac donors and recipients have modulated the rate and risk, associated with posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). We investigated the secular trends of the risk of PTDM at 1 year and 3 years after transplantation over 30 years and explored its effect on major outcomes.

Methods: Three hundred and three nondiabetic patients were followed for a minimum of 36 months, after a first cardiac transplantation performed between 1983 and 2011.

Physician Practice Patterns and Barriers to Counselling on Physical Activity in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

BACKGROUND Many solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients fail to meet the recommended physical activity (PA) levels. "Physician recommendation" has previously been reported by SOT recipients as a key facilitator to being more physically active. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of Canadian SOT physicians providing PA counselling and identify barriers to including such counselling as part of the SOT recipients' routine care.

Hypomagnesemia During Teriparatide Treatment in Osteoporosis: Incidence and Determinants.

In our clinical experience, we have encountered patients who developed hypomagnesemia after the introduction of teriparatide. Some trials have reported hypomagnesemia as an adverse event during teriparatide treatment, but this issue had never been studied specifically. Our objective was twofold: 1) determine the incidence of hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium <0.

Association Between Metformin Adherence and All-Cause Mortality Among New Users of Metformin: A Nested Case-Control Study.

Background: Metformin presents better survival rates than other oral antidiabetics in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, these benefits may be dampened by inadequate treatment adherence.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between adherence level to metformin therapy and all-cause mortality over 10 years in incident metformin users.

Impact of Resistance Training on Factors Involved in the Development of New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation in Renal Transplant Recipients: An Open Randomized Pilot Study.

Objectives: New-onsetdiabetes after transplant (NODAT) is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease after transplantation. Kidney transplantation (KT) recipients have low levels of exercise capacity. Resistance training (RT) might be of special benefit in this population because underlying disease and immunosuppressive drugs favour muscle loss and insulin resistance.

Persistence and adherence to oral antidiabetics: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: A population-based cohort study design was used to estimate persistence rate, re-initiation rate after discontinuation, and adherence level among incident users of oral antidiabetics (OADs), and to investigate predictors of non-persistence and non-adherence.

Methods: Incident OAD users were identified using healthcare databases of residents covered by the public drug insurance plan of the Province of Quebec, Canada. Patients initiated OAD therapy between January 2000 and October 2009 and were aged 45-85 years at cohort entry.

Weight gain after orthotopic liver transplantation: is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cirrhosis a risk factor for greater weight gain?

Posttransplant weight gain is common after orthotopic liver transplantation. We sought to determine the extent of weight gain at 5 years after transplantation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cirrhosis versus patients with other types of cirrhosis (non-NAFLD). We studied 126 liver transplants performed between 2005 and 2007 at Saint Luc Hospital, University of Montreal.

Role of zoledronic acid in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Taken once a year, intravenous zoledronic acid (Zol) (Reclast® or Aclasta®) is a third-generation nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate that is effective compared with placebo in reducing the risk of fractures in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and recent low-trauma hip fracture. In glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, there is no significant difference between Zol and risedronate for new fractures. Improvements in bone mineral density and early reduction of bone remodeling markers are observed in postmenopausal osteoporosis, recent low-trauma hip fracture, and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.

New-onset diabetes after transplantation: risk factors and clinical impact.

With improvements in patient and graft survival, increasing attention has been placed on complications that contribute to long-term patient morbidity and mortality. New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a common complication of solid-organ transplantation, and is a strong predictor of graft failure and cardiovascular mortality in the transplant population. Risk factors for NODAT in transplant recipients are similar to those in non-transplant patients, but transplant-specific risk factors such as hepatitis C (HCV) infection, corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors play a dominant role in NODAT pathogenesis.

Similar associations of total adiponectin and high molecular weight adiponectin with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a population of overweight and obese postmenopausal women: a MONET study.

The aim of the study was to examine the association between total adiponectin and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels with cardio-metabolic risk factors in a population of sedentary, overweight, and obese postmenopausal women. Cross-sectional study was carried out on 55 nondiabetic sedentary overweight and obese postmenopausal women aged between 50 and 70 years. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique.

No relationship between mean plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin in patients with cystic fibrosis-related diabetes.

Aim: Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) prevalence has increased dramatically with the improved life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) is an important tool for monitoring blood glucose control but, unlike in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, a correlation between HbA(1c), fructosamine and mean plasma glucose has not been clearly established in CF. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mean plasma glucose and HbA(1c) or fructosamine in stable patients with CFRD.

Osteoporosis among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Both diabetes and fractures are prevalent in adults. The relationship between diabetes and osteoporosis is complex and, although it has been investigated extensively, the subject remains controversial. While low bone mineral density (BMD) is consistently observed in type 1 diabetes, the relationship is less clear in type 2 diabetes, with some studies reporting modestly increased or unchanged BMD.

Does diabetes increase the risk for fractures after solid organ transplantation? A nested case-control study.

Unlabelled: To assess the risk of fractures after a solid organ transplantation among diabetic versus nondiabetic patients, we conducted a nested case-control study. Pretransplant diabetes was associated with a 2-fold increase in post-transplant fractures.

Introduction: Diabetes has been associated with osteoporosis in the general population.