Clinical Profile of posterior segment in high Myopia.

Background: Myopia is a growing global health concern, with prevalence surging, especially in East and Southeast Asia. The World Health Organization identifies high myopia as -5.00 diopter or less, carrying an elevated risk of irreversible blindness.

Central corneal thickness in new cases of dry eyes: A case-control study.

Significance: Loss of homeostasis and chronic inflammation result in ocular surface damage in dry eyes, which is also associated with corneal thinning in established cases. Yet, the correlation between corneal thickness and new cases of dry eyes remains inadequately supported by evidence.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the central corneal thickness of new cases of dry eyes to that of age- and gender-matched controls.

Mean Amplitude of Diurnal Variation of Sub-Foveal Choroidal Thickness among Adults with Healthy Eyes Visiting Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Eye Care Centre.

Introduction: The choroid, particularly the choroidal vasculature, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various ocular diseases. Diurnal variation in the thickness of the choroid has been reported in previous studies. This study aimed to find the mean amplitude of diurnal variation of sub-foveal choroidal thickness among adults with healthy eyes visiting the outpatient Department of a tertiary eye care centre.

Positive Microbiological Culture among Patients with Infective Keratitis Visiting the Cornea Unit of a Tertiary Care Centre.

Introduction: Keratitis is the infection and inflammation of the cornea. Microbial keratitis is a potentially sight-threatening corneal condition. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of positive microbiological culture among patients with infective keratitis visiting the Cornea Unit of a tertiary care centre.

Non-strabismic Binocular Vision Dysfunction among the Medical Students of a Teaching Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunctions are visual disorders that affect the person's binocular vision and visual outcome while performing near tasks and are very common among medical students. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among the medical students of a teaching hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a teaching hospital from 25 April 2022 to 25 May 2022.

Blindness among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus Presenting to the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is a major microvascular complication of diabetes, and may progress to sight-threatening stages causing blindness with a consequent decrease in their quality of life. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of blindness among patients with type II diabetes mellitus attending the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with type II diabetes mellitus presenting to the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care centre from 2 August 2021 to 30 June 2022 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 74/2021).

Normative Vascular Features on OCT Angiography in Healthy Nepalese Eyes.

Purpose: To establish normative data on morphological characteristics and quantitative parameters of Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) as well as their systemic and ocular associations using OCT angiography (OCT-A) in healthy Nepalese subjects.

Patients And Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, population-based study recruiting 210 healthy samples (420 eyes) aged 10 to 70 years was conducted. All the samples underwent detailed comprehensive eye examination followed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) and Enhanced Depth Imaging performed in each eye using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

A Combined Intervention of Single Vision Plus Lens and Tropicamide in the Treatment of Pseudomyopia: A Perspective Case Report from Nepal.

This study highlights the role of cycloplegic refraction in the detection of accommodative spasm and the use of tropicamide 1% as cycloplegic and single vision plus lens for its management. This was a case study carried at tertiary eye hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. In this study, 2 subjects presenting with complain of sudden onset of diminution of vision for near and distance along with asthenopic symptoms having history of prolonged near work were recruited.

Mobile health intervention for promotion of eye health literacy.

Purpose: Improving eye health awareness in the underserved population is a universal eye health priority. The ubiquity of cell phones and internet usage provides new and innovative opportunities for health promotion. This study evaluated the effect of mobile health intervention (text message link) to promote eye health literacy (EHL) of priority ocular morbidities.

Computational study for temperature distribution in ArF excimer laser corneal refractive surgeries using different beam delivery techniques.

Refractive errors are the most common causes of vision impairment worldwide and laser refractive surgery is one of the most frequently performed ocular surgeries. Clinical studies have reported that approximately 10.5% of patients need an additional procedure after the surgery.

Review on current concepts of myopia and its control strategies.

Myopia poses a significant burden on the healthcare system, economy and quality of life. It is an emerging global public health challenge and requires interventions to delay or stop onset and progression. With changing times and evidence, the concepts of myopia are changing along with the treatment and control strategies.

Constructing Item Banks for Measuring Quality of Life in Refractive Error.

Significance: Existing patient-reported outcome instruments in refractive error are paper-based questionnaires. They are not comprehensive and psychometrically robust. This study has identified the content of the refractive error-specific item banks that aim to provide comprehensive and scientific measurement of refractive error-specific quality of life.

Contact lenses for visual rehabilitation in Bilateral Nanophthalmos with Retinal Dystrophy- A case report.

Background: Nanophthalmos is an uncommon developmental ocular disorder characterized by a small eye with short axial length, high hyperopia and high lens to eye volume ratio due to arrested development of the globe in all directions. Different types of fundus changes can rarely occur with nanophthalmos.

Observations: This is a case report of a 17 years old female who presented with bilateral gradual progressive visual loss and photophobia at Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology on 3rd July 2015.

Visual functions and disability in diabetic retinopathy patients.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to find correlations between visual functions and visual disabilities in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 38 visually impaired diabetic retinopathy subjects at the Low Vision Clinic of B.P.