Poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances toxicity on skeletal and cognitive well-being: a comprehensive review.

Poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic compounds having a wide array of use in consumer products and industries, such as fire suppressant foam, nonstick cookware, paper, water-proof textiles, surfactants, aeronautics, and cosmetics. This widespread distribution of PFAS, their capacity to accumulate in living organisms, and their harmful effects represent a rising concern for public health. A multitude of studies have presented information on exposure to PFAS and a broad spectrum of adverse health outcomes through animal models and observational studies.

Catechins in cancer therapy: integrating traditional and complementary approaches.

Catechin is a group of bioactive flavonoids found in various plant sources such as tea, cocoa, and fruits. Recent studies have suggested that catechins has significant potential in preventing and treating cancer. Catechin exhibits a variety of biological activities that may contribute to its anticancer effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-apoptotic properties.

Potential role of NSAIDs loaded nano-formulations to treat inflammatory diseases.

Inflammation is a necessary immunological response that promotes survival and preserves tissue homeostasis, a common characteristic linked to various diseases. However, in some circumstances, the inflammatory response is deleterious and contributes to disease pathogenesis. Anti-inflammatory substances have poor affinity for inflamed tissues, resulting in low concentrations in the target tissue and a higher incidence of severe adverse effects.

Animal family discrimination from hair using ATR-FTIR and machine learning methods for applications in illegal wildlife trafficking.

Wildlife forensics plays a pivotal role in the combating illegal trafficking, supporting biodiversity conservation, and aiding in the identification of animals in wildlife. Animal hair, often found in trafficking crimes, serves as vital biological evidence that can provide significant information for animal identification. This study proposes a novel method integrating machine learning classifiers with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode to enhance the effectiveness of animal identification in wildlife forensic casework.

Vincristine in Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Future Perspectives.

Cancer remains one of the predominant causes of mortality globally, accounting for over 10 million deaths each year. Despite advancements in medical treatments, the challenge of resistance and treatment failure persists, necessitating innovative approaches. Traditional cancer treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and pharmaceutical therapy.

Terpene-based novel invasomes: pioneering cancer treatment strategies in traditional medicine.

Health care workers have faced a significant challenge because of the rise in cancer incidence around the world during the past 10 years. Among various forms of malignancy skin cancer is most common, so there is need for the creation of an efficient and safe skin cancer treatment that may offer targeted and site-specific tumor penetration, and reduce unintended systemic toxicity. Nanocarriers have thus been employed to get around the issues with traditional anti-cancer drug delivery methods.

Unlocking the potential of oncology biomarkers: advancements in clinical theranostics.

Introduction: Cancer biomarkers have revolutionized the field of oncology by providing valuable insights into tumor changes and aiding in screening, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment prediction, and risk assessment. The emergence of "omic" technologies has enabled biomarkers to become reliable and accurate predictors of outcomes during cancer treatment.

Content: In this review, we highlight the clinical utility of biomarkers in cancer identification and motivate researchers to establish a personalized/precision approach in oncology.

Revitalizing allicin for cancer therapy: advances in formulation strategies to enhance bioavailability, stability, and clinical efficacy.

The main objective of this review is to highlight the therapeutic potential of allicin, a defense molecule in garlic known for its diverse health benefits, and address the key challenges of its bioavailability and stability. The research further aims to evaluate various formulation strategies and nanotechnology-based delivery systems that can resolve these issues and improve allicin's clinical efficacy, especially in cancer therapy. We conducted a comprehensive review of the available literature and previous studies, focusing on the therapeutic properties of allicin, its bioavailability, stability issues, and novel formulation strategies.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy: A review.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy is a rare type of heart failure manifesting towards the end of pregnancy or in the months following delivery, in the absence of any other cause of heart failure. There is a wide range of incidence across countries reflecting different population demographics, uncertainty over definitions and under-reporting. Race, ethnicity, multiparity and advanced maternal age are considered important risk factors for the disease.

Stigma Scale Adaptation and Validation for Measuring COVID-19 Stigma.

Background: The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been found to be associated with increased psychosocial problems such as depression, anxiety, stress, and stigma. Many health-related stigma instruments that have been developed are condition-specific; these should be adapted and validated for generic use, across different health conditions. This study was conducted to measure stigma, stress, anxiety, and depression using the COVID-19 Stigma Scale-Modified (CSS-M), a modified version of the HIV Stigma Scale, among the Indian population.

Combating errors in quantum communication: an integrated approach.

Near-term quantum communication protocols suffer inevitably from channel noises, whose alleviation has been mostly attempted with resources such as multiparty entanglement or sophisticated experimental techniques. Generation of multiparty higher dimensional entanglement is not easy. This calls for exploring realistic solutions which are implementable with current devices.

Excessive and Unreliable Health Information and Its Predictability for Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Introduction: Being ignorant or unaware is not expected in a situation like the pandemic of COVID-19 with modern internet connectivity and the era of social media. However, information overload may itself lead to health anxiety.

Aims And Objectives: This study investigated the predictability of health anxiety with information overload and sociodemographic profiles during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Emergence of nutrigenomics and dietary components as a complementary therapy in cancer prevention.

Cancer is an illness characterized by abnormal cell development and the capability to infiltrate or spread to rest of the body. A tumor is the term for this abnormal growth that develops in solid tissues like an organ, muscle, or bone and can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. Nutrition is a critical and immortal environmental component in the development of all living organisms encoding the relationship between a person's nutrition and their genes.

PROTAC: A Novel Drug Delivery Technology for Targeting Proteins in Cancer Cells.

The treatment measures of malignant carcinomas are most important for human health. In recent years the use of targeted therapy based on small molecule compounds and identical immunoglobulin has been the most frequently used tool to combat cancerous cells. But there are still several limitations in their clinical development and applications, including their ability to bind multiple molecular target sites, both cell surface receptors and intracellular proteins, promoting a greater risk of toxicity.

Site-directed dual bioprobes inducing single-step nano-sandwich assay for the detection of cardiac troponin I.

Bioreceptor functionalized metallic nano-colloids have been identified as effective nanobioprobes to realize the detection of an analyte based on a common phenomenon of salt-induced aggregation. In marked contrast to this, we describe a nano-sandwich assay integrating the novel match-pair of aptamer and peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles. The site-directed biomolecular interaction of high affinity aptamer and peptide bioreceptors directed towards distinct sites of cardiac biomarker troponin I; this was found to form a nano-sandwich assay in a peculiar manner.

Bioactive Based Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Viral Infections and SARS-CoV-2.

Since ancient times, plants have been used for their medicinal properties. They provide us with many phytomolecules, which serve a synergistic function for human well-being. Along with anti-microbial, plants also possess anti-viral activities.

Bergenin - A Biologically Active Scaffold: Nanotechnological Perspectives.

Bergenin, 4-O-methyl gallic acid glucoside, is a bioactive compound in various plants belonging to different families. The present work compiles scattered information on pharmacology, structure-activity relationship and nanotechnological aspects of bergenin, collected from various electronic databases such as Sci Finder, PubMed, Google Scholar, etc. Bergenin has been reported to exhibit hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, antiviral, and antimicrobial activities.

Uncurtaining the effect of COVID-19 in diabetes mellitus: a complex clinical management approach.

The aim of the present review is to overview the common properties of corona virus and hence proofs well beginning of corona virus in persons with diabetes, and its treatment. Globally, it has been observed that according to the statistics, India has the second largest number of people with diabetes. Literature review has been implemented within the databases using suitable keywords.

Understanding the molecular mechanisms and role of autophagy in obesity.

Vital for growth, proliferation, subsistence, and thermogenesis, autophagy is the biological cascade, which confers defence against aging and various pathologies. Current research has demonstrated de novo activity of autophagy in stimulation of biological events. There exists a significant association between autophagy activation and obesity, encompassing expansion of adipocytes which facilitates β cell activity.

Role of Natural Products in the Treatment of Obesity: Nanotechnological Perspectives.

Obesity is a major disorder characterized by excessive fat in the body. Various factors responsible for obesity are dietary, lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors. The last two decades witnessed an enormous increase in obesity and its comorbidities among people worldwide, thus making it the fifth major cause of human death.

Understanding the Concept of Chronotherapeutics in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.

The circadian rhythms have been controlled with the aid of a circadian clock in the hypothalamus region, which is known as the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Chronotherapeutics, a branch of pharmacotherapeutics, plays a mandatory role in the treatment of various disorders, such as delivering the drug in the correct schedule, correct site, and correct extent and provides benefit to the patients. The chronopharmacological aspects are very much important in the treatment of diabetes mellitus during daytime as the patients' timing of daily activities of body and medicine treatment has an impact on the increase in the glucose levels in the blood.

SeDeM Expert System, an Innovative Tool for Developing Directly Compressible Tablets: A Review.

Background: SeDeM (Sediment Delivery Model) expert system is a preformulation tool employed for evaluating direct compression suitability of various excipients. SeDeM is a 12 parameters derived diagram and SeDeM-ODT (Sediment Delivery Model-Orodispersible tablets) is a 15 parameters derived diagram that can be used as a research tool for reducing the product development time. The best possible excipients for a specified pharmaceutical active ingredient could be screened for direct compression suitability.

Auditory sensation with affective agnosia: A prevalence of alexithymia among tinnitus patients.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and association of alexithymia, depression, and anxiety in patients affected by tinnitus.

Methods: The study was conducted among the patients referred for audiometric evaluation for tinnitus. They were further evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale.

Optical pico-biosensing of lead using plasmonic gold nanoparticles and a cationic peptide-based aptasensor.

A novel biosensor for the rapid detection of lead ions employing the optical properties of AuNPs, a lead-specific aptamer and a cationic peptide has been demonstrated. The limit of detection of the biosensor was 98.7 pM, the lowest so far obtained using colorimetry.

A Facile Approach for Synthesis and Intracellular Delivery of Size Tunable Cationic Peptide Functionalized Gold Nanohybrids in Cancer Cells.

Peptide-based drug delivery systems have become a mainstay in the contemporary medicinal field, resulting in the design and development of better pharmaceutical formulations. However, most of the available reports employ tedious multiple reaction steps for the conjugation of bioactive cationic peptides with drug delivery vehicles. To overcome these limitations, the present work describes a one-step approach for facile and time efficient synthesis of highly cationic cell penetrating peptide functionalized gold nanoparticles and their intracellular delivery.