Sustainable antimicrobial formulations: vitamin-E based emulsions stabilized by plant-derived saponin from .

The present study reports the formulation, characterization and antimicrobial studies of a stable vitamin-E-based o/w emulsion with saponin extracted from . Saponins are plant-based natural surfactants and emulsifiers exhibiting antimicrobial activities against different fungi and bacteria. By embracing the gentle and natural profile of saponins, we can harness their potential benefits to ensure safer and sustainable developments.