Chronic Kidney Disease in Balkan Countries-A Call to Action for Timely Diagnosis and Monitoring.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious illness with important consequences for patients and health systems. Estimation of prevalence and incidence, especially in early stages, is difficult due to a lack of epidemiological studies and consolidated registries. In general, the disease awareness is low, and thus CKD is not timely diagnosed in most cases.

Staff regard towards working with substance users: a European multi-centre study.

Aims: To compare regard for working with different patient groups (including substance users) among different professional groups in different health-care settings in eight European countries.

Design: A multi-centre, cross-sectional comparative study.

Setting: Primary care, general psychiatry and specialist addiction services in Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Poland, Scotland, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.