Comprehensive Understanding of the Kinetics and Mechanism of Fluoride Removal over a Potent Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite Surface.

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) was successfully synthesized from egg shells, a low cost and easily available biodegradable waste, by the precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis. The surface area of HAp was found to be 144 m/g with a crystalline size of 9-99 nm from the BET and XRD data. The maximum fluoride removal efficiency within 1 h using 0.

Physicochemical characterization and adsorption behavior of Ca/Al chloride hydrotalcite-like compound towards removal of nitrate.

The objective of the present research was to synthesize, characterize and to investigate adsorption of nitrate from synthetic nitrate solution by Ca-Al-Cl HTlc. In the present study Ca-Al-Cl HTlc was synthesized by co-precipitation method and was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA-DSC. To assess the practical usefulness, a detailed removal study of nitrate was carried out.

Arsenate removal from aqueous solution by cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of the cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites (CCHA) with CHA nanostructures dispersed in the cellulose matrix was carried out by using cellulose solution, CaCl(2), and NaH(2)PO(4). The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. Study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of synthetic CCHA for As(V) removal from aqueous solution.

Physicochemical characterization of hydroxyapatite and its application towards removal of nitrate from water.

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of hydroxyapatite (HAP) towards removal of nitrate from synthetic nitrate solution. In the present research HAP synthesized from egg-shell was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA-DSC. The removal of nitrate was 96% under neutral conditions, using 0.

Utilization of activated CO2-neutralized red mud for removal of arsenate from aqueous solutions.

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the ability of activated CO(2)-neutralized red mud (ANRM) for the removal of arsenate from the aqueous solutions. The batch adsorption experiments were conducted with respect to adsorbent dose, equilibrium pH, contact time, initial arsenate concentration, kinetics, Langmuir isotherms. The mechanisms involved in adsorption of arsenate ions on ANRM were characterized by using XRD, FT-IR, UV-vis, SEM/EDX, and chemical methods.

Removal of lead (II) from aqueous environment by a fibrous ion exchanger: polycinnamamide thorium (IV) phosphate.

The objective of the present research was to synthesize, characterize and to investigate the removal efficiency of lead (II) ion from synthetic lead solution by a hybrid fibrous ion exchanger. In the present study polycinnamamide thorium (IV) phosphate was synthesized by co-precipitation method and was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA-DSC. To know the practical applicability, a detailed removal study of lead ion was carried out using the material.

Nitrate sorption by thermally activated Mg/Al chloride hydrotalcite-like compound.

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the ability of Mg-Al-Cl hydrotalcite-like compound for the removal of nitrate from synthetic nitrate solution. In the present study Mg-Al-Cl hydrotalcite was synthesized by co-precipitation method and was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA-DSC. To know the practical applicability, a detailed removal study of nitrate ion was carried out.

Polyacrylamide thorium (IV) phosphate as an important lead selective fibrous ion exchanger: synthesis, characterization and removal study.

The objective of the present research was to synthesize, characterize and to investigate the removal efficiency of lead (II) ion from synthetic lead solution by a hybrid fibrous ion exchanger. In the present study polyacrylamide thorium (IV) phosphate was synthesized by co-precipitation method and was characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR and TGA-DSC. To know the practical applicability, a detailed removal study of lead ion was carried out.