Highly effective chemosensor for mercury ions based on bispyrenyl derivative.

A new bispyrenyl azadiene derivative has been synthesized and examined for its cation recognition abilities toward different cations. The ligand shows strong affinity for Hg(2+) ions over other cations such as Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Cd(2+), Ag(+), K(+), Na(+) and Li(+). An "Off-On" type of fluorescent behaviour was observed with simultaneous presence of Cu(2+) and Hg(2+) ions.

Fluorescence turn-on sensors for HSO4-.

A coumarin-based derivative (1), a highly selective and sensitive turn-on fluorogenic probe for the detection of HSO4- ions in aqueous solution, has been designed and synthesized. Various spectroscopic and DFT calculations revealed that H-bonding between the phenolic -OH and imine nitrogen of 1 played a crucial role in its high selectivity for HSO4-.

Response of multiple recurrent TaT1 bladder cancer to intravesical apaziquone (EO9): comparative analysis of tumor recurrence rates.

Objectives: Previous studies have demonstrated that intravesical administration of apaziquone (EOquin) has ablative activity against superficial bladder cancer marker lesions with 8 out of 12 complete responses recorded. We present a comparison between the rates of tumor recurrence before and after treatment with apaziquone.

Methods: The rate of tumor recurrence after treatment with apaziquone was compared with each patient's historical record of recurrences obtained from a retrospective analysis of the patients' case notes.

Two-year follow-up of the phase II marker lesion study of intravesical apaziquone for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objectives: To study the time-to-recurrence and duration of response in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients, with a complete ablative response after intravesical apaziquone instillations.

Methods: Transurethral resection of bladder tumour(s) (TURBT) was performed in patients with multiple pTa-T1 G1-2 urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder, with the exception of one marker lesion of 0.5-1.

Highly selective potentiometric determination of mercury(II) ions using 1-furan-2-yl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-5H-imidazole-3-oxide based membrane electrodes.

The electrode characteristics and selectivities of PVC-based mercury(II) selective coated graphite electrode (CGE) and polymeric membrane electrode (PME) incorporating the recently synthesized 1-furan-2-yl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenyl-5H-imidazole-3-oxide are reported here. The electrodes exhibit Nernstian slope for mercury(II) ions over wide concentration ranges, i.e.

Secondary penile tumours revisited.

Objective: To highlight the salient features of metastatic malignancies involving the penis, with special reference to the primary tumour sites, metastatic mechanisms, clinical features, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE and EMBASE, using the keywords 'penis', 'secondary malignancy', 'metastasis' and 'malignant priapism' to identify reviews and case reports of secondary penile malignancy. A case of rare clinical presentation of metastatic penile lesion is presented along with the review of the literature.

Phase II marker lesion study with intravesical instillation of apaziquone for superficial bladder cancer: toxicity and marker response.

Purpose: We studied the ablative activity of intravesical apaziquone (EOquin) on a papillary marker tumor and determined the incidence of side effects.

Materials And Methods: A total of 46 patients with multiple pTa or pT1 bladder tumors underwent visible lesion resection except for 1 marker tumor. Patients were then treated with 6 instillations of apaziquone at weekly intervals.

Phase I/II pilot study of intravesical apaziquone (EO9) for superficial bladder cancer.

Purpose: The quinone based bioreductive drug apaziquone (EO9) failed to demonstrate efficacy in previous phase II studies following intravenous administration. We determined the dose of apaziquone that can be safely administered intravesically and explored its activity for superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Six patients with multifocal, Ta/T1 and G1/G2 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder received escalating doses of apaziquone formulated as EOquintrade mark (0.

Chemo-prevention in superficial bladder cancer using mitomycin C: a survey of the practice patterns of British urologists.

Objective: To assess the use of mitomycin C, by urologists within the UK, as a single-dose intravesical agent. Current European recommendations are to use one dose after any new tumour resection.

Methods: We assessed the current patterns of mitomycin C usage amongst British urologists, particularly with reference to one instillation after resecting a new bladder tumour, hypothesizing that British urologists would use mitomycin C in line with current guidelines.

NAD(P)H:Quinone oxidoreductase-1 C609T polymorphism analysis in human superficial bladder cancers: relationship of genotype status to NQO1 phenotype and clinical response to Mitomycin C.

NAD(P)H:Quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) has been implicated in the bioreductive activation of the clinically active anticancer drug Mitomycin C (MMC) and a polymorphic variant of NQO1 which lacks functional enzyme activity (NQO1*2) has been linked with poor survival in patients treated with MMC. The relationship between NQO1 activity and cellular response to MMC is however controversial and the aim of this study was to determine whether the response of bladder cancer patients to MMC can be forecast on the basis of NQO1*2 genotype status. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 148 patients with low to intermediate grade (G1/G2) superficial (Ta/T1) bladder cancers and NQO1*2 genotype status determined by PCR-RFLP.

Detection of (NAD(P)H:Quinone oxidoreductase-1, EC 1.6.99.2) 609C-->T and 465C-->T polymorphisms in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human tumour tissue using PCR-RFLP.

NQO1 is a cytosolic flavoprotein that plays a dual role in the detoxification of potentially carcinogenic compounds and the bioreductive activation of quinone based anticancer drugs. Two polymorphic variants of NQO1 exist (NQO1*2 and NQO1*3) which cause significant phenotypic reductions in NQO1 protein content and activity. Current methods for detecting NQO1 polymorphisms commonly use PCR-RFLP techniques and have exclusively used DNA isolated from fresh tissues.

Immunohistochemical analysis of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase and NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase in human superficial bladder tumours: relationship between tumour enzymology and clinical outcome following intravesical mitomycin C therapy.

A central theme within the concept of enzyme-directed bioreductive drug development is the potential to predict tumour response based on the profiling of enzymes involved in the bioreductive activation process. Mitomycin C (MMC) is the prototypical bioreductive drug that is reduced to active intermediates by several reductases including NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R). The purpose of our study was to determine whether NQO1 and P450R protein expression in a panel of low-grade, human superficial bladder tumours correlates with clinical response to MMC.