Publications by authors named "Rajiv Khandekar"

Article Synopsis
  • This study focused on measuring the size and volume of the lacrimal gland in patients with inactive thyroid eye disease, comparing findings with existing literature.
  • Conducted from 2015 to 2020, the study involved 21 patients, primarily men, who reported dryness but generally had good vision and mild eye protrusion.
  • Results showed that the lacrimal gland was enlarged in these patients, highlighting that even inactive thyroid eye disease affects gland size, but no specific factors like age or sex were linked to the enlargement.
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Importance: Understanding the pathophysiology of the macula in amblyopic eyes is an active research area.

Objective: To correlate macular retinal vascular density changes with best-corrected visual acuity changes following occlusion therapy for amblyopia in children.

Design: A prospective cohort study of children visiting the Pediatric Ophthalmology Division of our institution between January 2020 and January 2022 was conducted.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate visual and refractive outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) fixation surgeries in cases where the natural lens support was absent.
  • A total of 120 eyes from 112 patients were reviewed, with findings indicating that iris-fixated IOLs performed better than scleral-fixated ones in terms of visual efficacy.
  • The results suggested that surgical techniques using smaller incisions and foldable IOLs are safer and more effective than traditional methods that require larger incisions.
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Purpose: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) noninvasively images retinal microvasculature. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) biomarkers can act as indicators of various forms of amblyopia, making them valuable tools for clinicians. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of amblyopia therapy on the FAZ using OCTA to determine FAZ size in children with untreated amblyopia.

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Purpose: To discuss the characteristics, etiological factors, and visual outcomes of open globe injuries (OGIs) in children at a tertiary eye hospital in Riyadh, Central Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This was a hospital-based cohort study conducted in 2021. Children aged ≤16 years with OGI based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology classification were included.

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Purpose: To describe a professionalism survey tool and its use to assess knowledge of medical professionalism in ophthalmology training programs in Central India.

Settings And Design: Multi-center survey study.

Methods: A validated 33-question, scenario-based survey addressing professionalism attributes was administered at five centers in central India.

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Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and satisfaction for the use of adjuvant; magnesium sulfate (MgSO) in sub-Tenon anesthesia for cataract surgery.

Methods: This single centered randomized, double blind trial was held in 2021 after approval of ethical committee at the Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cataract patients to be operated using local anesthesia were randomly assigned to two groups; Group magnesium sulfate (MS) received 50 mg/0.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the rate and review determinants of successful therapy for unilateral amblyopia in children.

Methods: This prospective cohort consisted of Saudi children aged 6-12 who received amblyopia therapy between 2020 and 2022. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the amblyopic eye improved to reach the BCVA of the fellow eye at follow-up visits, or BCVA in the amblyopic eye improved and remained stable over three follow-up visits.

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Purpose To study choroidal thickness (CT) and its determinants based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the healthy adult Saudi population. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021 at a tertiary eye hospital in Saudi Arabia. The autorefractor-based refractive status (spherical equivalent) of each eye was documented.

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Purpose: To assess true ocular emergencies based on the ocular emergency triage system compared to the existing method of serving patients "first come first serve" by attending ophthalmology resident and review the validity of the triage system by ophthalmic subspecialty.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of validity, new patients attending the ocular emergency department of a tertiary eye hospital in 2021-2022 were examined by ophthalmology resident. The time required for registration, an eye exam, and total time in the emergency unit was determined.

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Purpose: Preventive measures to mitigate the spread of coronavirus, minimized workload on health-care systems and redirected resources to COVID-19 patients resulting in a reduction of elective procedures such as cataract surgery. We report the changes in monthly cataract surgery rate and its associated determinants at a tertiary eye hospital during different periods of the pandemic. Studying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on cataract surgery rate will help health-care policymakers to better understand the barriers to overcome the expected surgical backlog.

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Purpose: To assess the magnitude severity and determinants of eyestrain and the use of digital devices in a Saudi population during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Methods: This web-based survey was conducted in September 2020 and enrolled only Saudi nationals 15 years or older. Data were collected on demographics, eye strain related symptoms, severity, and the use of optical aids during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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Background: In 2021, WHO Member States endorsed a global target of a 40-percentage-point increase in effective refractive error coverage (eREC; with a 6/12 visual acuity threshold) by 2030. This study models global and regional estimates of eREC as a baseline for the WHO initiative.

Methods: The Vision Loss Expert Group analysed data from 565 448 participants of 169 population-based eye surveys conducted since 2000 to calculate eREC (met need/[met need + undermet need + unmet need]).

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Background: Eye injuries in children due to chemicals constitute a medical emergency since they result in severe ocular damage.

Objective: To determine the factors and management outcomes of chemical burns in the eyes of Saudi children. The study was performed at a tertiary eye center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Purpose: To study the risk factors, visual outcomes, and sequelae of phacoemulsification surgery complicated by retained lens fragments (RLFs).

Methods: This single-center case-control study enrolled consecutive eyes complicated by RLF and compared them to age- and gender-matched uneventful cataract surgery cases at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Biometric, intraoperative, and postoperative data were collected.

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Objective: To evaluate cases of pediatric ocular trauma at a tertiary eye hospital in central Saudi Arabia and determine the demographics, causes, ocular injuries, and visual status before and after management.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of health records of children younger than 16 years with ocular trauma managed from January 1998 to December 2019. Data were collected on patient demographics, eye involved, cause of trauma, the presenting and final vision, and the duration of follow-up.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the reasons and long-term outcomes of removing intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, analyzing two groups: one that had ICRS surgery at the hospital and another that had surgery elsewhere.
  • The most common reasons for explantation were visual disturbances in patients who had surgery at the hospital (45.2%) and extrusion in those who had surgery outside (41.2%).
  • Post-removal, contact lenses were the preferred management method, and significant findings indicated that high myopia and lower corneal thickness were linked to visual disturbances and the need for corneal transplantation.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare the short-term outcomes of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) using the conventional (Dresden) protocol and an accelerated CXL (ACXL) protocol to stop keratoconus (KC) progression.

Methods: A chart review was performed for all the patients with KC who underwent CXL in the last 7 years. Data were compared at baseline and at all follow-up examinations for uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometry (K), central corneal thickness, and complications of CXL.

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Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of patients with post-keratoplasty complications and their presentation at an emergency center.

Design: Retrospective one-armed cohort study.

Methods: Data were evaluated on patients who underwent corneal grafts in 2019 and presented to an emergency unit.

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To describe the presentation, histopathological characteristics, and management outcomes for corneal myxoma. This one-armed cohort study evaluated histologically confirmed consecutive cases of corneal myxoma. Data were evaluated on demographics, clinical presentation, management, histopathological and immunohistochemical features, and outcomes; visual acuity and corneal clarity.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study assessed patient complaints, surgical methods, outcomes, complications, and visual acuity after limbal dermoid excision over an 8-year period.
  • A total of 51 eyes from 50 patients were examined, with a variety of surgical techniques employed, including excision and corneal transplant options.
  • While most patients exhibited good visual outcomes post-surgery, there was a notable incidence of postoperative astigmatism, indicating a need for ongoing monitoring and potential treatment.
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The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the World Health Organization - International Telecommunication Union MyopiaEd programme - a digital message programme targeting education on myopia and its prevention. The development of the MyopiaEd programme included 4 key steps: (1) Conceptualization and consultation with experts in the field of myopia, mHealth and health behavior change; (2) Creation of SMS message libraries and programme algorithm; (3) Review of the message libraries to ensure relevance to the target audience; and (4) Pre-testing amongst end-user groups to ensure that the design of the programme and the message content were understandable. After reviewing the available evidence and considering input of the experts, the aims, end users and key themes of the programme were finalized.

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Purpose: To determine the incidence of cosmetic-related lacrimal sac black deposits (LSBDs) in primary-acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) biopsies and the role of LSBD in the pathogenesis of PANDO, in addition to their association with dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: A clinicopathological study included all patients who underwent surgical management of PANDO. We excluded patients in whom lacrimal sac biopsy was not taken during the surgery.

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Background In this study, we aimed to assess ophthalmologists' experience with teleophthalmology during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the central region of Saudi Arabia. In addition, we evaluated their satisfaction level and explored their satisfaction determinants. Methodology We conducted an online survey for ophthalmologists who participated in the virtual ophthalmology clinic during COVID-19 between November 2020 and September 2021.

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Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of blindness and severe visual impairment (SVI) by using a door-to-door screening and vision center (VC) examination strategy in an urban area in western Maharashtra (Pune), India and repeat the exercise after 4 years to study its impact.

Methods: Four trained community health workers measured the visual acuity and performed an external ocular examination in patients' homes. People with vision <6/18 were requested to visit the VC for a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist.

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