The Evidence for Adjunctive Facelift Procedures.

Facelift surgery is a popular treatment but exhibits high variation among practitioners in terms of both core technique and adjunctive measures. This review identified significant evidence addressing the role of pre-infiltration, drains, fat grafting, fibrin tissue adhesives, hilotherapy, and other miscellaneous adjuncts. Based on the authors' assessment of the current literature, there is reasonable supportive evidence for pre-infiltration, fat grafting and laser skin resurfacing, which appear to be safe and effective in appropriately selected patients.

Treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 3 with Sofosbuvir-based therpy: a real-life study.

Background And Aims: Recently, Sofosbuvir was launched in India at affordable cost. We conducted a real-life study to determine the efficacy and safety of Sofosbuvir plus Ribavirin, with and without peginterferon-alfa 2a, in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 3, the commonest genotype in South Asia.

Methods: This study included data of CHC patients from 11 sites in northern India between March 2015 and December 2015 (n = 1203).

Facilitating shared decision-making with breast augmentation patients: Acceptability of the PEGASUS intervention.

Background: PEGASUS is an intervention to facilitate shared decision-making by helping prospective patients consider their expectations of surgery, so that surgeons have a clear understanding of their individual goals. To date, shared decision-making interventions within aesthetic surgery are lacking. The present mixed methods study therefore explored the acceptability of implementing PEGASUS into routine private practice with breast augmentation patients and aesthetic providers.

Desipramine prevents cardiac gap junction uncoupling.

Background And Purpose: Uncoupling of cardiac gap junction channels is an important arrhythmogenic mechanism in ischemia/reperfusion. Antiarrhythmic peptide AAP10 (H-Gly-Ala-Gly-Hyp-Pro-Tyr-CONH(2)) has been shown to prevent acidosis-induced uncoupling and ischemia-related increase in dispersion. Previous structure-effect investigations and subsequent computer modeling studies indicated that the tricyclic antidepressant desipramine may exert similar effects as AAP10.

Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of lateral crow's feet: double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) is frequently used to treat crow's feet; the optimal dose for each toxin preparation should be established.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of three doses of BoNT-A with placebo to treat crow's feet.

Methods: Subjects with moderate to severe crow's feet at maximum smile (mild to severe at rest) were randomized to a single bilateral BoNT-A treatment (15, 30, or 45 U) or placebo.

Non-diarrheal celiac disease: a report of 31 cases from northern India.

Background And Aims: Non-diarrheal presentation of celiac disease (CD) is being increasingly recognized. Data on this form of CD from India are limited.

Methods: Consecutive patients with CD presenting to a tertiary referral center in northern India over a 3-year period were studied, with special emphasis on non-diarrheal celiac disease (NDCD).

The efficacy of surgical drainage in cervicofacial rhytidectomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative drainage is often used instinctively in face lifting on the assumption that it may reduce the likelihood of complications. This potential benefit should be balanced against cost, discomfort, and the possibility of provoking bleeding and hematoma on removal. Evidence-based decisions on drainage are problematic, since no prospective studies have examined its role.

Injectable hyaluronic acid implant for malar and mental enhancement.

Background: The use of a thicker injectable implant version of one of the hyaluronic acid dermal fillers (Restylane SubQ, Q-Med, Uppsala, Sweden) is described.

Objective: A group of treated patients has been studied for more than 1 year. Restylane SubQ was injected to the submuscular plane of the upper cheeks and chin to observe efficacy of augmentation and side effect profile, and further observations were made of the duration of benefit.

The anatomy of the aging face: volume loss and changes in 3-dimensional topography.

Facial aging reflects the dynamic, cumulative effects of time on the skin, soft tissues, and deep structural components of the face, and is a complex synergy of skin textural changes and loss of facial volume. Many of the facial manifestations of aging reflect the combined effects of gravity, progressive bone resorption, decreased tissue elasticity, and redistribution of subcutaneous fullness. A convenient method for assessing the morphological effects of aging is to divide the face into the upper third (forehead and brows), middle third (midface and nose), and lower third (chin, jawline, and neck).

Transdermal injection of Restylane SubQ for aesthetic contouring of the cheeks, chin, and mandible.

Initial experience in transdermal administration of Restylane SubQ for augmentation of the cheek and chin suggests that the product is easy to administer via this route and that it provides a stable aesthetic result. Local adverse reactions are consistent with those expected of an alloplastic filler material and appear to be related to the injection procedure/site rather than to the product itself. In the event of overcorrection or the appearance of superficial irregularities (nodules), any excess material can readily be removed by needle aspiration.

Optimizing treatment outcome with Restylane SubQ: the role of patient selection and counseling.

Restylane SubQ has been developed to meet the growing demand for minimally invasive cosmetic procedures that correct loss of facial soft tissue volume and provide a nonpermanent solution for facial rejuvenation. This new product in the Restylane product family is based on the same non-animal stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA) gel as all other Restylane products, but contains larger gel particles than existing products. This characteristic allows for optimal volume expansion when injected subcutaneously or supraperiostally.

CD44v3 levels in primary cutaneous melanoma are predictive of prognosis: assessment by the use of tissue microarray.

Despite the use of sentinel node biopsy techniques, the search continues for other strategies to improve the accuracy of estimating prognosis in melanoma patients. Various biomarkers have previously been studied for use in this role, but none has yet achieved acceptance in routine practice. We have applied the novel technology of tissue microarray for the high throughput screening of a cohort of 120 primary cutaneous melanoma specimens for expression of the transmembrane glycoprotein CD44, splice variant 3 (v3), which has previously been implicated in tumor progression.

nm23 as a prognostic marker in primary cutaneous melanoma: evaluation using tissue microarray in a patient group with long-term follow-up.

The accurate estimation of prognosis in patients with melanoma is of increasing importance with novel adjuvant therapies on the horizon. The current prediction of prognosis employs techniques involving sentinel lymph node biopsy, which carries an associated morbidity and is of little use in patients who develop direct distant metastases or direct in-transit metastases. New strategies or factors are therefore needed to improve the accuracy of determination of prognosis.

Identification of P-cadherin in primary melanoma using a tissue microarrayer: prognostic implications in a patient cohort with long-term follow up.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the most accurate technique for establishing melanoma patient prognosis but is associated with morbidity and is of little value in those tumors that first metastasize to sites other than the regional nodal basin. Noninvasive methods of establishing prognosis are therefore desirable. We have used the novel technology of tissue microarray to study a cohort of 120 patients with melanoma with long-term follow-up data for the expression of P-cadherin.

Development of a tissue array for primary melanoma with long-term follow-up: discovering melanoma cell adhesion molecule as an important prognostic marker.

Refining current prognostic capability is essential for improving the management of melanoma. This study was undertaken to develop a tumor array for the rapid assessment of novel prognostic markers in a series of specimens from melanoma patients with 7- to 10-year follow-up. A melanoma database of 120 patients with archival specimens was created after histopathological review of original specimens.

Validation of tissue microarray for the immunohistochemical profiling of melanoma.

Tissue microarray technology allows high throughput profiling of cancer specimens by immunohistochemical staining. Protein expression varies throughout tumour specimens resulting in heterogeneous staining patterns, which has led to doubts as to the accuracy of tissue microarray. In an effort to validate the use of tissue microarray for melanoma immunohistochemical investigation, a study was conducted comparing the concordance of MCAM staining between whole tumour specimens and tissue microarray core biopsies.

Endoscopic brow lift: a personal review of 538 patients and comparison of fixation techniques.

Since the introduction of endoscopic brow lifting in the mid-1990s, it has become widely accepted as a method for rejuvenation of the upper third of the face. Despite the multitude of brow fixation techniques, there are few long-term studies providing accurate analysis of outcome. The aims of this investigation were to evaluate the long-term objective results of endoscopic brow lifting and to establish whether the technique of fixation altered the longevity of aesthetic outcome.

Reducing complications in cervicofacial rhytidectomy by tumescent infiltration: a comparative trial evaluating 678 consecutive face lifts.

Tumescent infiltration has been widely used in body-contouring surgery to facilitate dissection and reduce blood loss. Although its use in facial surgery has been suggested, there are presently no comparative studies of its efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome in a large series of consecutive face lifts performed with and without tumescence.

Avoiding hematoma in cervicofacial rhytidectomy: a personal 8-year quest. Reviewing 910 patients.

Hematoma remains the most common complication of rhytidectomy and can lead to prolonged facial edema and skin necrosis. A number of ancillary procedures have been suggested to reduce hematoma, including dressings, drains, fibrin glue, tumescence, and adrenaline. The aim of this study was to investigate the statistical effect of these parameters on hematoma incidence in a large series of face lifts.

Use of oncogene expression as an independent prognostic marker for primary melanoma.

For 25 years, the Breslow depth of primary tumors has remained the most accurate prognostic test of survival for primary melanoma. However a number of studies have indicated that outcome for intermediate-thickness melanomas (0.75-2.

Pharmacological modification of gap junction coupling by an antiarrhythmic peptide via protein kinase C activation.

Antiarrhythmic peptides enhance gap junction current in pairs of cardiomyocytes and coupling in cardiac tissue. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effects of the antiarrhythmic peptide AAP10 (GAG-4Hyp-PY-CONH2) on pairs of adult guinea pig ventricular cardiomyocytes and pairs of HeLa cells transfected with rat cardiac connexin 43 (Cx43). By using a double-cell voltage-clamp technique in pairs of cardiomyocytes, we found that under control conditions the gap junction conductance (gj) steadily decreased with time (by -0.