In vitro and in silico analysis of novel astaxanthin-s-allyl cysteine as an inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase and various globular forms of acetylcholinesterases.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD) and diabetes-associated cognitive decline, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity is increased. AChE exists as different globular molecular forms: tetramer (G4), dimer (G2) and monomer (G1). In adult brain, G4 form is abundant however in AD, the ratio of lower molecular forms (G1) to G4 form increased.