Left Ventricular Systolic Function Changes During Pump-Assisted Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: There is a lack of information about the left ventricle (LV) systolic function changes during pump-assisted beating heart coronary artery bypass graft surgery (PACAB). This study aimed to study the changes in LV systolic function changes during PACAB.

Methods: In this prospective, single-arm, observational study, 70 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status III or IV of either sex, aged 40-70 years, scheduled to undergo elective PACAB for isolated ischemic heart disease with EF >30% were included.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Ultrasound-Guided Parasternal Intercostal Nerve Block and Transversus Thoracis Muscle Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia of Cardiac Surgical Patients.

Background: Transversus thoracis muscle plane block (TTPB) and parasternal intercostal nerve block (PICNB) inhibit the anterior branches of intercostal nerves and potentially provide adequate analgesia after cardiac surgery. This study aimed to compare these two blocks for a reduction in postoperative opioid consumption after cardiac surgery.

Methods: This randomized, single-blind trial included 60 adult cardiac surgical patients divided into three groups to receive ultrasound-guided TTPB (group T), PICNB (group P), or no block (group C) before surgery.

Evaluating the precision of ultrasound versus computed tomography-guided measurement of cricoid cartilage diameter for double-lumen tube selection in thoracic surgery: A randomised comparative study.

Background And Aims: Precise airway management is vital in thoracic surgeries to ensure patient safety and optimal outcomes. Choosing the correct double-lumen tube (DLT) size is challenging, as it typically relies on height, gender and subjective experience. This study investigates using ultrasonography (USG) and computed tomography (CT) to measure cricoid cartilage diameter for objective DLT sizing.

Clinical Performance of I-gel and BlockBuster™ Laryngeal Mask Airway in Adult Patients during General Anesthesia: A Randomized Comparison.

Background: Supraglottic devices have revolutionized the current practice of airway management. We compared the clinical performance of a recently introduced BlockBuster™ Laryngeal mask airway with i-gel in adult patients under general anesthesia.

Methods: Following Institutional ethical clearance, the present study was conducted on 62 patients belonging to American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2 of either sex in the age group of 20-60 years under general anesthesia.

Efficacy of ShotBlocker device versus vapocoolant spray for spinal needle pain relief during spinal anaesthesia in elective caesarean section - A randomised controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Apprehension of pain due to a spinal needle is often a cause of anxiety and refusal. ShotBlocker provides non-painful physical stimulation, inhibiting pain perception. The vapocoolant spray contains ethyl chloride vapours, rapidly raising the skin temperature and hampering the transmission of noxious stimuli.

Comparison of clinical performance of Baska mask and Ambu AuraGain in patients undergoing surgery: A single-blinded, randomised comparative trial.

Background And Aims: The Baska mask (BM) and the Ambu AuraGain (AAG) have shown promising results in recent trials but have not been compared. Therefore, we aimed to compare the clinical performance of the BM and the AAG for airway management of adult patients.

Methods: In this randomised comparative study, patients aged 18-60 years and with an expected surgical duration of less than 2 h were enroled.

Effect of Deferasirox on Shunt Fraction During Thoracic Surgery With One-Lung Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Context Deferasirox, an iron chelator, can potentially reduce intraoperative right-to-left shunt and improve oxygenation in patients undergoing thoracic surgery requiring one-lung ventilation (OLV) by potentiating hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). Aim The aim was to determine the effect of deferasirox on the intraoperative shunt fraction (SF) of patients undergoing thoracic surgery using OLV. Study design and settings This was a prospective, single-blind, randomized, controlled study.

A Randomized Comparison of Intravenous Versus Nebulized Routes for Administering Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine Combination to Facilitate Awake Fibreoptic Intubation.

Introduction Awake fibreoptic intubation is a technique used to secure the airway of patients who are having predicted difficult intubation. We compared two routes, intravenous and nebulized, for administering a combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine to patients requiring sedation for fibreoptic intubation. Methods and materials After approval of the institutional ethics committee, 64 patients between 18 and 60 years belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II and having predicted difficult airway were randomized to receive study medications through either intravenous (group I, n = 32) or nebulized (group N, n = 32) routes.

Vitamin D analog calcitriol for breast cancer therapy; an integrated drug discovery approach.

As breast cancer remains leading cause of cancer death globally, it is essential to develop an affordable breast cancer therapy in underdeveloped countries. Drug repurposing offers potential to address gaps in breast cancer treatment. Molecular networking studies were performed for drug repurposing approach by using heterogeneous data.

Strain-mediated electrical and optical properties of novel lead-free CuFe O -KNbO nanocomposite solid solutions: A combined experimental and Density Functional Theory studies.

This article summarizes the strain-mediated electrical and optical properties of novel lead-free xCuFe O (1 - x) KNbO (x = 0.2, 0.3, and 0.

Quadratus Lumborum Block for Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: Recent studies have supported the use of quadratus lumborum block (QLB) for postoperative analgesia for patients undergoing renal surgery.

Aims: The aim was to study the efficacy of posterior QLB for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Settings And Design: This trial was a hospital-based, randomized, double-blind, controlled, prospective study.

Visualization of Cartilage from Knee Joint Magnetic Resonance Images and Quantitative Assessment to Study the Effect of Age, Gender and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Progressive Osteoarthritis (OA).

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of joint cartilage affecting the elderly people around the world. Visualization and quantification of cartilage is very much essential for the assessment of OA and rehabilitation of the affected people. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most widely used imaging modality in the treatment of knee joint diseases.

The effectiveness of mindfulness meditation in relief of symptoms of depression and quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: The role of psychological comorbidities in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a common condition, still remains incompletely understood. Depression may intensify the symptoms and lower quality of life in these patients. In this study, we looked at the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in relieving the symptoms of depression and the health-related quality of life of these patients.

Comparison of I-gel for general anesthesia in obese and nonobese patients.

Context: I-gel is a second-generation supraglottic airway device. Despite several studies on i-gel, there are very few studies on the use of i-gel in obese patients.

Aims: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical performance of i-gel between obese and nonobese patients.

Assessment of neurological soft signs in pediatric patients with HIV infection.

Background: Children and adolescents comprise a significant proportion of people living with HIV. The effects of HIV on the growing brain have generated interest among researchers in this field. Deficits arising during this crucial phase of neuromaturation due to HIV infection need to be assessed and addressed.

Psychiatric comorbidities in acute coronary syndromes: Six-month follow-up study.

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) caused by coronary atherosclerosis include ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI, and unstable angina. The relation between psychiatric disorders and coronary artery disease is a complex one which includes the effect of the psychosocial factors on heart and vice versa. Point prevalence studies have been reported, but there is paucity of follow-up studies from India.

Impact of neuropsychological rehabilitation on activities of daily living and community reintegration of patients with traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: The present study was targeted to observe the impact of neuropsychological rehabilitation on activities of daily living (ADL) and community reintegration of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Settings And Participants: Based on purposive sampling technique, ten patients with TBI falling in the age range of 20-40 years and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen from All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India.

Design: A quasi-experimental design, i.

The prospective, 24-week assessment of cost-efficacy of and compliance to antidepressant medications in a rural setting (PACECAR) study.

Background: Anxiety and depression are common mental health disorders that are responsible for considerable societal burden. There are no data on cost-efficacy and medication compliance related to the treatment of these disorders in rural India.

Materials And Methods: All consenting adults ( = 455) diagnosed with generalized anxiety or (unipolar) depressive disorders in Suttur village, Karnataka, were treated with open-label fluoxetine (20-60 mg/day), sertraline (50-150 mg/day), escitalopram (10-20 mg/day), desvenlafaxine (50-150 mg/day), duloxetine (30-90 mg/day), amitriptyline (75-150 mg/day), or clomipramine (75-150 mg/day) in a structured, monotherapy dosing plan.

Predictive assessment of kidney functional recovery following ischemic injury using optical spectroscopy.

Functional changes in rat kidneys during the induced ischemic injury and recovery phases were explored using multimodal autofluorescence and light scattering imaging. The aim is to evaluate the use of noncontact optical signatures for rapid assessment of tissue function and viability. Specifically, autofluorescence images were acquired in vivo under 355, 325, and 266 nm illumination while light scattering images were collected at the excitation wavelengths as well as using relatively narrowband light centered at 500 nm.