Island medicine longitudinal cohort study: Rapid rise in chronic kidney disease in rural and remote communities.

Aim: To determine the change in incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rural and remote communities over the last decade.

Methods: We examined the change in age-standardized incidence and prevalence in Tasmania between 2010 and 2020, using a linked dataset that included any adult with a creatinine test taken in a community laboratory during the study period (n = 581 513; 87.8% of the state's adult population).

De Novo Onset of Myasthenia Gravis after Kidney Transplantation.

Myasthenia gravis occurring de novo after kidney transplantation is a rare course of severe muscle weakness. A 57-year-old female on treatment with peritoneal dialysis following polycystic kidney disease received a renal transplant with standard basiliximab induction. She had no preceding history of neuromuscular problems.

A scoping review of outcomes with routine surveillance of arterio-venous fistulas.

The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred venous access for maintenance haemodialysis. AVF dysfunction can progress to access failure, with all the associated morbidity and costs of revising vascular accesses. Routine surveillance of AVFs using specialised equipment has the potential to enable early detection of potential problems.

Finerenone: a new mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist to beat chronic kidney disease.

Purpose Of Review: Clinical trials of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) finerenone published recently suggest that they improve outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This review summarises key research from the last two years to provide clinicians with a synopsis of recent findings.

Recent Findings: Large international trials, such as Finerenone in Reducing Kidney Failure and Disease Progression in Diabetic Kidney Disease (5674 participants) and Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (7437 participants), suggest that in proteinuric patients with DKD and estimated glomerular filtration rate >25 ml/min/1.

Evaluation of Crack Propagation after Root Canal Preparation with Continuous and Reciprocating Files and Final Finishing with XP Endo Finisher - An Study.

Introduction: One of the disadvantages of stainless steel instruments used for root canal preparation is the lack of flexibility and shape memory. The invention of rotary instruments has been successful in overcoming these problems to a greater extent; however, some drawbacks still remain, one of which is vertical root fracture and the cause for it is microcracks formation in dentin, which in turn causes vertical root fracture. There are enough studies for microcracks using different rotary systems and this study compared microcracks with single as well as reciprocating files followed by final finishing with XP endo finisher.

Assessment of Growth Factors with Three Different Platelet Preparations, Namely Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Lyophilized Platelet: An Study.

Assessment of growth factors with three different platelet preparations namely platelet rich fibrin, platelet rich plasma and lyophilized platelet-An invitro study Abstract Enhancing wound healing with patients own blood, particularly the platelet preparations have gained more popularity recently. These platelets excrete large amount of growth factors and cytokines that are associated with the healing process and regeneration. Even though these platelet concentrates are widely used in various forms, the mechanism behind that remains unclear.

Competing risks of death and kidney failure in a cohort of Australian adults with severe chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: To examine the competing risks of death (any cause) and of kidney failure in a cohort of Australian adults with severe chronic kidney disease.

Design: Population-based cohort study; analysis of linked data from the Tasmanian Chronic Kidney Disease study (CKD.TASlink), 1 January 2004 - 31 December 2017.

Island medicine: using data linkage to establish the kidney health of the population of Tasmania, Australia.

Objective: To report (using linked laboratory data) the incidence, prevalence and geographic variation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) across the whole island population of Tasmania, Australia.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study (the Tasmanian Chronic Kidney Disease study (CKD.TASlink)) using linked data from five health and two pathology datasets from the island state of Tasmania, Australia between 1/1/2004 and 31/12/2017.

A Complex Case of Emphysematous Cystitis in a Peritoneal Dialysis Patient.

Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is a relatively rare condition characterized by gas formation in the bladder wall and/or lumen. We report a case of emphysematous cystitis with a bladder perforation in an 84-year-old male on peritoneal dialysis who presented with fever, dysuria, hematuria, and hypotension. Gas in the bladder wall, as well as a small perforation in the roof of the urinary bladder, was seen on the abdominal CT scan.

Unexpected sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic: A strange case of myoclonus in the Tasmanian winter.

Peritoneal dialysis treatment generates significant amounts of waste for disposal from patients' homes. In Australia, in the days after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, waste collection from homes was temporarily stopped. Our patient tried to dispose of his waste by burning the used bags and tubing, using paint thinner as an accelerant.

Metastatic follicular thyroid cancer in a patient with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome.

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is an extremely rare genetic condition that predisposes to renal cell carcinoma. This case describes a novel case of a patient with BHDS who also develops follicular thyroid cancer.

Chronic Kidney Disease in Tasmania: Protocol for a Data Linkage Study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant and growing health burden globally. Tasmania has the highest state prevalence for non-Indigenous Australians and it has consistently had the lowest incidence and prevalence of dialysis in Australia.

Objective: To examine the gap between the high community prevalence of CKD in Tasmania and the low use of dialysis.

Pleuroperitoneal Leak as an Uncommon Cause of Pleural Effusion in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Pleural effusions are frequently seen in patients on dialysis. A pleuroperitoneal leak or communication is a rare but important cause of pleural effusion in patients on peritoneal dialysis. This diagnosis can be made with a combination of biochemical tests and radiological modalities, in the absence of a gold standard diagnostic test.

Enabling good outcomes in older adults on dialysis: a qualitative study.

Background: Older patients on dialysis may not have optimal outcomes, particularly with regards to quality of life. Existing research is focused mainly on survival, with limited information about other outcomes. Such information can help in shared decision-making around dialysis initiation; it can also be used to improve outcomes in patients established on dialysis.

Discussions during shared decision-making in older adults with advanced renal disease: a scoping review.

Objectives: This review summarises the information available for clinicians counselling older patients with kidney failure about treatment options, focusing on prognosis, quality of life, the lived experiences of treatment and the information needs of older adults.

Design: We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Scoping Reviews. The final report conforms to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines.

Use of patient-reported outcome measures and patient-reported experience measures in renal units in Australia and New Zealand: A cross-sectional survey study.

Aim: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are increasingly used in research to quantify how patients feel and function, and their experiences of care, however, knowledge of their utilization in routine nephrology is limited.

Methods: The Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA) PROMs working group conducted a prospective cross-sectional survey of PROMs/PREMs use among renal 'parent hospitals'. One survey per hospital was completed (August-November 2017).

Validation of the IPOS-Renal Symptom Survey in Advanced Kidney Disease: A Cross-sectional Study.

Context: The significant symptom burden in advanced renal disease is often poorly recognized by clinicians. Recently, the Integrated Palliative Outcome Score (IPOS)-renal survey was developed from pre-existing tools to capture these symptoms and other common concerns.

Objectives: We studied the validity and reliability of the IPOS-renal survey (patient and staff versions) in an Australian population.

Older patient considering treatment for advanced renal disease: protocol for a scoping review of the information available for shared decision-making.

Introduction: Older adults constitute the largest group of patients on dialysis in most parts of the world. Management of advanced renal disease in the older adult is complex; treatment outcomes and prognosis can be markedly different from younger patients. Clinical teams caring for such patients are often called on to provide information regarding prognosis and outcomes with treatment-particularly, the comparison between having dialysis treatment versus not having dialysis.

Symptoms and their recognition in adult haemodialysis patients: Interactions with quality of life.

Aim: We investigated the symptom burden in adults on haemodialysis, the recognition of symptoms by nurses and nephrologists, and the relationship between symptoms and quality of life.

Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, symptoms and quality of life in haemodialysis patients were determined using validated surveys. Nurses and nephrologists independently estimated their patients' symptoms, and these estimates were compared with patient responses (sensitivity; kappa values for interrater agreement).

Early Application of High Cut-Off Haemodialysis for de-Novo Myeloma Nephropathy is Associated with Long-Term Dialysis-Independency and Renal Recovery.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy associated with kidney injury resulting from cast nephropathy, which can be caused by monoclonal free light chains (FLC). It has been demonstrated that early reduction of FLC can lead to a higher proportion of patients recovering renal function with a better outcome, especially if high cut-off haemodialysis (HCO-HD) combined with chemotherapy is used.

Patients And Methods: In this study, four cases with MM nephropathy were treated with HCO-HD and chemotherapy at a single institution during the period from August 2009 to August 2011.