Peritoneal Window With Omental Interposition as a Prophylactic Measure to Prevent Post-Renal Transplant Lymphocele: A Pilot Study.

Introduction:  Renal transplant is considered to be the most optimum treatment option for chronic kidney disease. One common post-operative complication that can compromise the graft function is lymphocele. Despite the technical advances, the incidence of lymphocele is not negligible.

Laparoscopic Retrograde Nephrectomy as a Troubleshooting Technique to Prevent Open Conversion: The Technique Description With a Review of 40 Cases.

Introduction Laparoscopic nephrectomies are safe, with low complication rates in skilled hands. However, traditional approaches may be unsuitable for conditions such as post-renal abscesses, long-standing urinomas, non-functioning kidneys post-pyeloplasty, pyelolithotomies, post-partial nephrectomy recurrences, tuberculous kidneys, pyelonephritis, and redo-renal surgeries. This study describes a modified retrograde nephrectomy technique and its outcomes in 40 cases.

Rapid Detection of Viral, Bacterial, Fungal, and Oomycete Pathogens on Tomatoes with Microneedles, LAMP on a Microfluidic Chip, and Smartphone Device.

Rapid detection of plant diseases before they escalate can improve disease control. Our team has developed rapid nucleic acid extraction methods with microneedles and combined these with loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) assays for pathogen detection in the field. In this work, we developed LAMP assays for early blight (, , and ) and bacterial spot of tomato () and validated these LAMP assays and two previously developed LAMP assays for tomato spotted wilt virus and late blight.

Comparing Functional Efficacy of Transforaminal vs Interlaminar Epidural Steroid Injection for Lumbar Disc Disease!! Do We Really Need Transforaminal Epidural Route Injections?

This study compared the functional efficacy of therapeutic transforaminal versus interlaminar epidural steroid injection. Adult patients were selected and randomized using an online research randomizer website and assigned into two groups and were given epidural injection either via transforaminal route or interlaminar route. The outcome was measured based on the Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association back index score (mJOA), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and visual analog scale (VAS) over a follow-up on 1, 3, and 6 month postinjection period.

Low-rate smartphone videoscopy for microsecond luminescence lifetime imaging with machine learning.

Time-resolved techniques have been widely used in time-gated and luminescence lifetime imaging. However, traditional time-resolved systems require expensive lab equipment such as high-speed excitation sources and detectors or complicated mechanical choppers to achieve high repetition rates. Here, we present a cost-effective and miniaturized smartphone lifetime imaging system integrated with a pulsed ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) for 2D luminescence lifetime imaging using a videoscopy-based virtual chopper (V-chopper) mechanism combined with machine learning.

A Novel Technique of Renorrhaphy in Difficult Partial Nephrectomies by Single-Layered Parenchymal Imbrication.

Background In partial nephrectomies, achieving the trifecta outcome of negative tumor margins, no surgical complications, and minimal decline in renal function depends on various factors, with the complexity of the tumor described by the nephrometry score being chief among them. These factors often motivate surgeons toward a minimally invasive route even if the preferred route is an open approach. We describe an innovative renorrhaphy technique that overcomes the commonly encountered difficulty in reconstructing the renal parenchyma after resecting a complex tumor with a single-layered parenchymal imbrication (SLPI) technique.

The Impact of En-bloc Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour on Clinical, Pathological and Oncological Outcomes: A Cohort Study.

Background En-bloc transurethral resection of bladder tissue (ETURBT) has recently been proposed as a good alternative technique to trans-urethral resection of bladder tissue (TURBT) in terms of outcomes for bladder carcinoma. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the technique in terms of clinical, pathological and oncological outcomes. Methodology In this prospective study, data was collected from patients who underwent ETURBT for bladder space-occupying lesions between June 2021 and June 2022.

Supine Versus Prone Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A Single Surgeon's Experience.

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of the greatest advances in the field of urology and has been considered the gold standard in the treatment of renal calculi of more than 2 cm in size. While both the supine and prone positions offer their unique advantages, it is still being debated which position offers the most in terms of surgical outcomes. We have evaluated the two approaches in terms of operative time, success rate, stone clearance rate, safety, and complications.

Abaxial leaf surface-mounted multimodal wearable sensor for continuous plant physiology monitoring.

Wearable plant sensors hold tremendous potential for smart agriculture. We report a lower leaf surface-attached multimodal wearable sensor for continuous monitoring of plant physiology by tracking both biochemical and biophysical signals of the plant and its microenvironment. Sensors for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs), temperature, and humidity are integrated into a single platform.

Antiviral Peptides in Antimicrobial Surface Coatings-From Current Techniques to Potential Applications.

The transmission of pathogens through contact with contaminated surfaces is an important route for the spread of infections. The recent outbreak of COVID-19 highlights the necessity to attenuate surface-mediated transmission. Currently, the disinfection and sanitization of surfaces are commonly performed in this regard.

Influence of tumor size in the progression of venous tumor thrombus in renal cell carcinoma: A 7-year single-center experience.

Objective: The objective of the study is to describe the perioperative outcomes, disease-specific, and overall survival status in patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus.

Patients And Methods: We did a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent radical nephrectomy along with IVC thrombectomy from the year 2013 to 2020. Mayo's classification was used to stratify the level of IVC thrombus.

Rapid Extraction of Plant Nucleic Acids by Microneedle Patch for In-Field Detection of Plant Pathogens.

Plant diseases pose a significant threat to global food security. Molecular diagnosis currently plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impacts of plant diseases by accurately identifying the disease-causing pathogens and revealing their genotypes. However, current molecular assays are constrained to the laboratory because of the cumbersome protocols involved in plant nucleic acid extraction.

The impact of prehistoric human dispersals on the presence of tobacco-related oral cancer in Northeast India.

Background: Northeast (NE) India is a subject of debate for predicting its involvement in prehistoric anatomically modern human (AMH) dispersal. The unique lifestyle and genetic characteristics of native ethnic groups in this region are believed to be responsible for their susceptibility to tobacco-related oral cancer (TrOC). The present study assessed mitochondrial macro-haplogroup (mHG) diversity and TrOC susceptibility autosomal loci to evaluate the impact of prehistoric AMH dispersal on the present day's high TrOC prevalence in major NE Indian ethnics.

Clinico-Radiological and Functional Outcome of Difficult Talipes Equinovarus Deformity Corrected With an Ilizarov Fixator.

Relapsed, resistant, and untreated congenital talipes equinovarus poses significant challenges in view of functional outcome following conventional serial casting and soft tissue release procedures. The Ilizarov ring fixator here offers significant possibilities as an extended conservative treatment modality. The aim of the present study was to critically evaluate effectiveness of the Ilizarov ring fixator with regard to radiological, clinical, and functional outcomes, in the difficult clubfeet.

Robotic Management of Pelvic Lipomatosis-Experience with Difficulties Encountered and the Techniques to Successful Outcomes.

Background: Pelvic lipomatosis (PL) is a rare condition characterized by diffuse pelvic overgrowth of nonmalignant but infiltrative adipose tissue in perivesical and perirectal space.

Objective: To share our robotic experience and difficulties encountered and suggested techniques to overcome them successfully. It is the first series from India.

A Hemostatic Technique in Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy and Its Impact on Renal Function.

Purpose Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) has become popular in recent years for small renal masses. We describe a technique of suturing renal defects during RAPN that is reliable and quick, does not necessitate the need for hemostatic agents, and reduces perioperative complications. Materials and methods A total of 24 patients who underwent RAPN were included in the study period between 2013 and 2018 and data were analyzed.

Integrated microneedle-smartphone nucleic acid amplification platform for in-field diagnosis of plant diseases.

We demonstrate an integrated microneedle (MN)-smartphone nucleic acid amplification platform for "sample-to-answer" diagnosis of multiplexed plant pathogens within 30 min. This portable system consists of a polymeric MN patch for rapid nucleic acid extraction within a minute and a 3D-printed smartphone imaging device for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction and detection. We expanded the extraction of the MN technology for DNA targets as in the previous study (ACS Nano, 2019, 13, 6540-6549) to more fragile RNA biomarkers, evaluated the storability of the extracted nucleic acid samples on MN surfaces, and developed a smartphone-based LAMP amplification and fluorescent reader device that can quantify four LAMP reactions on the same chip.

A Prospective Study on the Efficacy of Cognitive Targeted Transrectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy in Diagnosing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: We present our study, done to identify the diagnostic yield of cognitive targeted biopsy using mpMRI data, to diagnose clinically significant prostate cancers, in a cohort of biopsy and treatment naive men.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective, single institutional study, done from September 2018 to March 2020 in 75 biopsy naive men. The patients with 3, 4 and 5 PIRADS scores underwent mpMRI cognitive target biopsy (mpMRI CTB) followed by standard biopsy (SB) in the same setting by two different urologists.

In situ Management of Large Upper Ureteric Calculus by Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Era of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to demonstrate the ease and success of in situ management of large upper ureteric stones with mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Urology between January 2018 and June 2019. All patients underwent standard prone mini PCNL with 15Fr amplatz with 80 cases of fluoroscopic and 12 cases of ultrasound guided access.

Day-case robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: Feasibility and safety.

Objective: The delivery of surgical services has undergone a shift in the past decade with increasing numbers of surgeries being performed in the daycare setting. Implementing a minimally invasive surgical approach with a robot with an enhanced recovery protocol permits robot-assisted laparoscopic surgeries (RALS) to be performed as a day-case (DC) procedure. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of DC surgery according to our experience.

Bladder Neck Resection Combined with Ten Point Intralesional Mitomycin C Injection in Management of Refractory Bladder Neck Contracture in Post TURP Status: A Single-Center, 2-Year Experience.

Purpose: Bladder neck contracture is an annoying problem for patients as well as urologists. Recurrence still remains a common problem associated with significant morbidity. This study evaluated the efficacy and side effects of mitomycin C (MMC) which has anti-fibroblast as well as anti-collagen properties in the deterrence of bladder neck contracture (BNC) recurrence after transurethral bladder neck resection (TUBNR).

Advances in point-of-care nucleic acid extraction technologies for rapid diagnosis of human and plant diseases.

Global health and food security constantly face the challenge of emerging human and plant diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other pathogens. Disease outbreaks such as SARS, MERS, Swine Flu, Ebola, and COVID-19 (on-going) have caused suffering, death, and economic losses worldwide. To prevent the spread of disease and protect human populations, rapid point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnosis of human and plant diseases play an increasingly crucial role.

Agricultural nanodiagnostics for plant diseases: recent advances and challenges.

Crop diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms pose severe threats to the global food supply. Effective diagnostic tools for timely determination of plant diseases become essential to the assurance of agricultural sustainability and global food security. Nucleic acid- and antibody-based molecular assays are gold-standard methodologies for the diagnosis of plant diseases, but the analyzing procedures are complex and laborious.

DNA Extraction from Plant Leaves Using a Microneedle Patch.

Isolation of high-quality DNA from infected plant specimens is an essential step for the molecular detection of plant pathogens. However, DNA isolation from plant cells surrounded by rigid polysaccharide cell walls involves complicated steps and requires benchtop laboratory equipment. As a result, plant DNA extraction is currently confined to well-equipped laboratories and sample preparation has become one of the major hurdles for on-site molecular detection of plant pathogens.

Detection of by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, Real-Time LAMP, and Droplet Digital PCR.

is the causal agent of potato late blight, a devastating disease of tomato and potato and a threat to global food security. Early detection and intervention is essential for effective management of the pathogen. We developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for and compared this assay to conventional PCR, real-time LAMP, and droplet digital PCR for detection of .