Our experience of laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair in a tertiary care center.

Objective: Laparoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is gaining popularity day by day, but we have limited literature on it. This study is to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and outcomes of laparoscopic VVF repair in a tertiary care center in Eastern India.

Subjects And Methods: This study is a single-center retrospective study in which 11 patients of supratrigonal VVF were evaluated who underwent laparoscopic repair.

Comparative Study of the Outcome of Buccal Mucosa Graft Urethroplasty and Preputial Flap Urethroplasty for Anterior Urethral Stricture: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Background: Urethroplasty using a buccal mucosa graft (BMG) and a preputial skin flap (PSF) are two common techniques used for the treatment of anterior urethral stricture. The present study compared the efficacy of these two techniques on the basis of success rate, preservation of sexual function, and complications.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, randomized, interventional study was conducted on adult male patients diagnosed with non-obliterative anterior urethral strictures of length >2 cm from August 2021 to December 2022.

Salinity Alleviation and Reduction in Oxidative Stress by Endophytic and Rhizospheric Microbes in Two Rice Cultivars.

Increased soil salinity poses serious limitations in crop yield and quality; thus, an attempt was made to explore microbial agents to mitigate the ill effects of salinity in rice. The hypothesis was mapping of microbial induction of stress tolerance in rice. Since the rhizosphere and endosphere are two different functional niches directly affected by salinity, it could be very crucial to evaluate them for salinity alleviation.

Salinity alleviator bacteria in rice ( L.), their colonization efficacy, and synergism with melatonin.

In this study, rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria were tested for the alleviation of salinity stress in rice. Endophytic isolates were taken from previous studies based on their salt stress-alleviating traits. The rhizospheric bacteria were isolated from rice and screened based on salt tolerance and plant growth-promoting traits.

Interference of bio-control Trichoderma to enhance physical and physiological strength of sugarcane during Pokkah boeng infection.

Tremendous benefits have been derived from the use of fungicides but excessive use of chemical fungicides not only posing threat to human and animal life but also contaminates the prevailing environment. Damage by pathogenic fungi alone causes significant damage to crops like maize, rice, wheat, soybeans, and potatoes. Therefore, it becomes imperative that these diseases are checked and controlled, for which chemical pesticides are being sprayed on plants extensively.

Bacterial endophyte mediated plant tolerance to salinity: growth responses and mechanisms of action.

Salinity stress is one of the key constraints for sustainable crop production. It has gained immense importance in the backdrop of climate change induced imbalanced terrestrial water budgets. The traditional agronomic approaches and breeding salt-tolerant genotypes have often proved insufficient to alleviate salinity stress.

Plant growth promoting and antifungal activity in endophytic Bacillus strains from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum).

Bacterial endophytes are well known inhabitants of living plant system and perform important assignments in maintaining plant growth and health. Currently, limited reports are available on the endophytes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) reflecting antagonistic and plant growth promoting (PGP) attributes. Therefore, the major objectives of current investigation were to identify antagonistic strains of endophytic Bacillus from pearl millet and further illustrate their PGP capabilities.

Prediction of Drug-Plasma Protein Binding Using Artificial Intelligence Based Algorithms.

Aim And Objective: Plasma protein binding (PPB) has vital importance in the characterization of drug distribution in the systemic circulation. Unfavorable PPB can pose a negative effect on clinical development of promising drug candidates. The drug distribution properties should be considered at the initial phases of the drug design and development.

Prediction of Human Intestinal Absorption of Compounds Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques.

Background: Information about Pharmacokinetics of compounds is an essential component of drug design and development. Modeling the pharmacokinetic properties require identification of the factors effecting absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of compounds. There have been continuous attempts in the prediction of intestinal absorption of compounds using various Artificial intelligence methods in the effort to reduce the attrition rate of drug candidates entering to preclinical and clinical trials.

Promises of Machine Learning Approaches in Prediction of Absorption of Compounds.

The Machine Learning (ML) is one of the fastest developing techniques in the prediction and evaluation of important pharmacokinetic properties such as absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. The availability of a large number of robust validation techniques for prediction models devoted to pharmacokinetics has significantly enhanced the trust and authenticity in ML approaches. There is a series of prediction models generated and used for rapid screening of compounds on the basis of absorption in last one decade.

Evaluation of Renal Histopathological Changes, as a Predictor of Recoverability of Renal Function Following Pyeloplasty for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction.

Background: Pyeloplasty is a widely accepted treatment for ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). However, the renal function recoverability after pyeloplasty is still a matter of debate. Different parameters have been used to predict renal functional recoverability after corrective surgery, with conflicting results.

Prediction of Metabolism of Drugs using Artificial Intelligence: How far have we reached?

Information about drug metabolism is an essential component of drug development. Modeling the drug metabolism requires identification of the involved enzymes, rate and extent of metabolism, the sites of metabolism etc. There has been continuous attempts in the prediction of metabolism of drugs using artificial intelligence in effort to reduce the attrition rate of drug candidates entering to preclinical and clinical trials.

Can we predict blood brain barrier permeability of ligands using computational approaches?

An ideal neurotherapeutics agent for central nervous system (CNS) molecular targets should cross Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) whereas peripherally acting agent should not cross BBB to avoid CNS related side effects. Hence prediction of BBB permeability index has been proved to be an efficient tool for drug discovery and development. Various experimental and computational approaches are being used in recent past for the prediction of BBB permeability and they have been successful up to some extent.

Application of microarray in breast cancer: An overview.

There are more than 1.15 million cases of breast cancer diagnosed worldwide annually. At present, only small numbers of accurate prognostic and predictive factors are used clinically for managing the patients with breast cancer.

Genetic transformation of Gentiana macrophylla with Agrobacterium rhizogenes: growth and production of secoiridoid glucoside gentiopicroside in transformed hairy root cultures.

Hairy root cultures of Gentiana macrophylla were established by infecting the different explants four Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains namely A(4)GUS, R1000, LBA 9402 and ATCC11325, and hairy root lines were established with A. rhizogenes strain R1000 in 1/2 MS + B(5) medium. Initially, 42 independent hairy root clones were maintained and seven clones belongs to different category were evaluated for growth, morphology, integration and expression of Ri T-DNA genes, and alkaloid contents in dry root samples.

Genetic studies on collar rot resistance in opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.).

The collar rot disease has been reported recently and occurs at the 10-12-leaf stage of plants of opium poppy. Infected plants topple down and dry prematurely due to fast rotting at the collar region. The inoculum for this study was multiplied on the cornmeal-sand culture.