Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Neem and Kirata-Induced Silver Nanoparticles Against Oral Biofilm: An In Vitro Study.

Introduction Silver nanoparticles have been the most commonly used nanoparticles which could be integrated with plant extracts. The mutually beneficial interaction between neutral plant extracts and nanoparticles reduced the chemical toxicity while promoting synthesis. Azadirachta indica, widely known as the neem plant, has diverse medicinal compounds encompassing antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, insecticidal, antifungal, and antioxidant properties.

Antimicrobial properties of green synthesized silver and chitosan nanocomposites.

An eco-friendly and simple approach was carried out for the synthesis of silver-chitosan nanocomposites using and fluconazole-mediated aqueous extract. This extract acted as a reducing agent as well as a capping agent for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles on the other hand were synthesized from the deacetylation of the chitin matrix.

Anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect of lycopene and raspberry in-situ gel.

Preparation of an in-situ gel containing lycopene and raspberry plant formulation and analysis of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects is described. Lycopene is known for its anticancer and antioxidant activity. It induces apoptosis, thereby reducing the cancer cells, and also reduces the injury of cells due to oxidative activity.

Superdry poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) coating on a lithium anode as a protective layer and separator for a high-performance lithium-oxygen battery.

In this study, a dense polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) coating is fabricated on a lithium (Li) anode sheet, which acts as a synergistic protective layer and electrolyte separator for Li-oxygen (Li-O) batteries. This thin coating is dried through slow solvent evaporation and vacuum drying methods. The solvent-free, dense PVDF-HFP coating has a thickness of 45 µm and can absorb 62% of electrolyte.

Comparative clinical data for gingivitis treatment using gels from (Tulsi) and chlorhexidine (CHX).

(Tulsi) has various properties like anti bacterial, anti inflammatory, anti oxidant for curing diseases. It is a plant with known medicinal value in Indian system of medicine. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the effectiveness of with Chlorhexidine (CHX) which is a standard material for the treatment of gingivitis.

Cytotoxicity and anti-microbial analysis of silver and graphene oxide bio nanoparticles.

It is of interest to document the cytotoxicity and anti microbial analysis of silver and graphene oxide nanoparticles. The plant extracts from Andrographis paniculata and Ocimum sanctum Linn were used as reducing agent. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD and TEM.

Grape seed extract-soluplus dispersion and its antioxidant activity.

Objective: The main objective of this work was to formulate a nanodispersion containing grape seed extract and analyzed its release profile, antioxidant potential of the prepared formulations.

Methods: The grape seed extract (GSE) containing proanthocyanidins (PC's) has been dispersed in polymer matrix soluplus (SOLU) by the freeze-drying method. The morphological analysis was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Grafting Thin Layered Graphene Oxide onto the Surface of Nonwoven/PVDF-PAA Composite Membrane for Efficient Dye and Macromolecule Separations.

This study investigates the permeance and rejection efficiencies of different dyes (Rhodamine B and methyl orange), folic acid and a protein (bovine serum albumin) using graphene oxide composite membrane. The ultrathin separation layer of graphene oxide (thickness of 380 nm) was successfully deposited onto porous polyvinylidene fluoride-polyacrylic acid intermediate layer on nonwoven support layer using vacuum filtration. The graphene oxide addition in the composite membrane caused an increased hydrophilicity and negative surface charge than those of the membrane without graphene oxide.

Osteoblast Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Effects Using 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphocholine-Grafted Stainless-Steel Composite for Implant Applications.

Poor osteogenesis and bacterial infections lead to an implant failure, so the enhanced osteogenic and antimicrobial activity of the implantable device is of great importance in orthopedic applications. In this study, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphocholine (MPC) was grafted onto 316L stainless steel (SS) using a facile photo-induced radical graft polymerization method via a benzophenone (BP) photo initiator. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to determine the nanoscale morphological changes on the surface.

The Preparation of Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposites: the Effect of Silver Loads on Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Antibacterial Activities.

In this work, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were decorated on thiol (-SH) grafted graphene oxide (GO) layers to investigate the antibacterial activities in Gram-positive bacteria () and Gram-negative bacteria (). The quasi-spherical, nano-sized Ag NPs were attached to the GO surface layers, as confirmed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The average size of GO-Ag nanocomposites was significantly reduced (327 nm) from those of pristine GO (962 nm) while the average size of loaded Ag NPs was significantly smaller than the Ag NPs without GO.

Broadening the H5N3 Vaccine Immunogenicity against H5N1 Virus by Modification of Neutralizing Epitopes.

The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus remains to be one of the world's largest pandemic threats due to the emergence of new variants. The rapid evolution of new sub-lineages is currently the greatest challenge in vaccine development. In this study, we developed an epitope modified non-pathogenic H5N3 (A/duck/Singapore/97) vaccine for broad protection against influenza H5 subtype.

Facile synthesis of yeast cross-linked FeO nanoadsorbents for efficient removal of aquatic environment contaminated with As(V).

A facile solvothermal method was adopted to prepare monodispersed surface functionalized FeO nanoparticles via self assembly process. The pure yeast, diethylamine functionalized FeO nanoparticles (DMNPs) and yeast cross-linked FeO nanoparticles (YcMNPs) were used for the efficient removal of arsenate from aqueous solution. The crystal structure, morphology and magnetic properties of these nanoparticles were characterized by using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer.

Monovalent H5 vaccine based on epitope-chimeric HA provides broad cross-clade protection against variant H5N1 viruses in mice.

H5N1 HPAI virus continues to be a severe threat for public health, as well as for the poultry industry, due to its high mortality and antigenic drift rate. There is no monovalent vaccine available which provides broad protection against those major circulating strains. In the present study, a monovalent H5 vaccine strain was developed with antigenic sequence analysis and epitope mutations.

Role of cryosurgery in the surgical management of nasoalveolar cyst.

Nasoalveolar cysts are rare developmental, non-odontogenic soft tissue lesions present in the submucosal area of the nasal alar region of the face. The management of nasoalveolar cyst is surgical excision or enucleation by sublabial approach. Most of the times surgeon finds difficult in complete removal of cyst wall especially in the infected cases.

Intranasal immunization of baculovirus displayed hemagglutinin confers complete protection against mouse adapted highly pathogenic H7N7 reassortant influenza virus.

Background: Avian influenza A H7N7 virus poses a pandemic threat to human health because of its ability for direct transmission from domestic poultry to humans and from human to human. The wide zoonotic potential of H7N7 combined with an antiviral immunity inhibition similar to pandemic 1918 H1N1 and 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses is disconcerting and increases the risk of a putative H7N7 pandemic in the future, underlining the urgent need for vaccine development against this virus.

Methodology/principal Findings: In this study, we developed a recombinant vaccine by expressing the H7N7-HA protein on the surface of baculovirus (Bac-HA).

Immunological responses of Penaeus monodon to DNA vaccine and its efficacy to protect shrimp against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV).

White spot disease is an important viral disease caused by white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and is responsible for huge economic losses in the shrimp culture industry worldwide. The VP28 gene encoding the most dominant envelope protein of WSSV was used to construct a DNA vaccine. The VP28 gene was cloned in the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.

Cloning and sequencing of capsid protein of Indian isolate of extra small virus from Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

White tail disease (WTD) is found to cause immense economic losses in hatcheries and farms, with mortalities often reaching 100% within 2 or 3 days. The pathogenic agents have been identified as Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) associated with extra small virus (XSV), which are 27 and 15 nm in diameter, respectively. Experiments were carried out to characterize an Indian isolate of XSV capsid protein of 17 kDa (CP-17).