Segmentation Synergy with a Dual U-Net and Federated Learning with CNNRF Models for Enhanced Brain Tumor Analysis.

Background: Brain tumours represent a diagnostic challenge, especially in the imaging area, where the differentiation of normal and pathologic tissues should be precise. The use of up-to-date machine learning techniques would be of great help in terms of brain tumor identification accuracy from MRI data. Objective This research paper aims to check the efficiency of a federated learning method that joins two classifiers, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and random forests (R.

Enhancing productivity and sustainability of ravine lands through horti-silviculture and soil moisture conservation: A pathway to land degradation neutrality.

Ravine lands are the worst type of land degradation affecting soil quality and biodiversity. Crop production in such lands is impossible without adopting proper conservation measures. In-situ moisture conservation techniques could play an instrumental role in restoring ravine lands by improving soil moisture.

Influence of planting dates and fertilizer modules on yield of chrysanthemum and soil health.

Background: Optimum planting date and appropriate fertilizer module are essential facets of chrysanthemum cultivation, to enhance quality yield, and improve soil health. A field-based study was undertaken over multiple growing seasons in 2022 and 2023, where six different planting dates, viz., P:June 15, P:June 30, P:July 15, P:July 30, P:August 15 and P:August 30 and two fertilizer modules, FM:Jeevamrit @ 30 ml plant and FM:NPK @ 30 g m were systematically examined using a Randomized Block Design (factorial), replicated thrice.

System and Method for Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Behavioral and Sensor-Based Physiological Measures.

The amount of road accidents caused by driver drowsiness is one of the world's major challenges. These accidents lead to numerous fatal and non-fatal injuries which impose substantial financial strain on individuals and governments every year. As a result, it is critical to prevent catastrophic accidents and reduce the financial burden on society caused by driver drowsiness.

Adaptive resilience of roadside trees to vehicular emissions via leaf enzymatic, physiological, and anatomical trait modulations.

Unplanned urbanization and heavy automobile use by the rapidly growing population contribute to a variety of environmental issues. Roadside plants can mitigate air pollution by modifying their enzymatic activity, physiological and anatomical traits. Plant enzymes, physiological and anatomical traits play an important role in adaptation and mitigation mechanisms against vehicular emissions.

Microbial chitinases and their relevance in various industries.

Chitin, the second most abundant biopolymer on earth after cellulose, is composed of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) units. It is widely distributed in nature, especially as a structural polysaccharide in the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of crustaceans, insects, and nematodes. However, the principal commercial source of chitin is the shells of marine or freshwater invertebrates.

Distribution of soil carbon fractions under different bamboo species in northwest Himalayan foothills, India.

Soil carbon and its fractions are important in understanding the mechanism of soil carbon sequestration. The present study evaluated the impact of seven commercial bamboo species, viz., Bambusa balcooa, B.

Build-up of labile, non-labile carbon fractions under fourteen-year-old bamboo plantations in the Himalayan foothills.

Carbon fractions under different bamboo species ., and were evaluated to understand the potential of these different bamboo species in soil rehabilitation in Himalayan foothills. The highest accumulation of the different carbon fractions likes very labile (6.

Assessment of eco-hydrological parameters for important sympodial bamboo species in Himalayan foothills.

Bamboos due to high soil water conservation potential are gaining increased attention in plantation programs across the globe. Large-scale plantation of fast-growing bamboo, however, can have important hydrological consequences. The study aims to quantify the eco-hydrological parameters, viz.

Assessment of urban growth effects on green space and surface temperature in Doon Valley, Uttarakhand, India.

This study aims to examine the spatio-temporal urban expansion pattern and its impacts on green space variation as well as thermal behavior in Doon valley over the last two decades during 2000 and 2019. Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images of February and May month of two study years 2000 and 2019 were used for the analysis. The land use change analysis revealed notable outgrowth of urbanization with 184% increase in Doon valley during 2000-2019.

Field Based Assessment of Performance with Inoculation of Rhizobacterial Consortia.

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are associated with plant roots and augment plant productivity and immunity by reducing fertilizer application rates and nutrient runoff. Studies were conducted to evaluate bell pepper transplants amended with formulation of consortium of two indigenous PGPR isolates ( and ) in terms of increase in yield and disease resistance under field conditions. Transplants were planted into plots treated by NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), fungicides, soil solarization, MeBr fumigation, PGPR and untreated soil.

Preparation and characterization of CuO catalyst for the thermolysis treatment of distillery wastewater.

CuO catalyst was prepared from copper sulfate by alkali precipitation method followed by drying and calcination. Characterization of CuO catalyst using X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda surface area analysis envisaged the effectiveness of CuO as a catalyst for the treatment of biodigester effluent (BDE) emanated from distilleries. The catalytic thermolysis is an efficient advance treatment method for distillery biodigester effluent (BDE).

Bacillus pumilus strain YSPMK11 as plant growth promoter and bicontrol agent against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

A study was executed in a direction to attenuate Sclerotinia stalk rot (SSR) disease through biocontrol agent and also to enhance crop productivity. Culture filtrate of bacterial strain YSPMK11 inhibited growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro which also exhibited higher plant growth promoting attributes. Interaction studies revealed maximum (81.

Maintenance pemetrexed in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: Outcome analysis from a tertiary care center.

Background: Maintenance pemetrexed is a standard treatment option for selected non squamous nonsmall cell lung carcinoma patients having a response to platin based doublet. We conducted a clinical audit of such selected patients and report the outcome among the Indian population.

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes with maintenance pemetrexed in the patients with locally advanced and metastatic adenocarcinoma lung.

Regeneration complexities of Pinus gerardiana in dry temperate forests of Indian Himalaya.

Pinus gerardiana is considered an important species in dry temperate forests of North-Western Indian Himalaya because of its influence on ecological processes and economic dependence of local people in the region. But, large numbers of biotic and abiotic factors have affected P. gerardiana in these forests; hence, there is a crucial need to understand the regeneration dynamics of this tree species.