Encapsulation Engineering of Sulfur into Magnesium Oxide for High Energy Density Li-S Batteries.

This study addresses the persistent challenge of polysulfide dissolution in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries by introducing magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles as a novel additive. MgO was integrated with sulfur using a scalable process involving solid-state melt diffusion treatment followed by planetary ball milling. XRD measurements confirmed that sulfur (S) retains its orthorhombic crystalline structure (space group Fddd) following the MgO incorporation, with minimal peak shifts indicating slight lattice distortion, while the increased peak intensity suggests enhanced crystallinity due to MgO acting as a nucleation site.

Holey Graphene/Ferroelectric/Sulfur Composite Cathodes for High-Capacity Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable interest as next-generation high-density energy storage devices. However, their practical applications are limited by rapid capacity fading when cycling cells with high mass loading levels. This could be largely attributed to the inferior electron/ion conduction and the severe shuttling effect of soluble polysulfide species.