On the role of diffusion dynamics on community-aware centrality measures.

Theoretical and empirical studies on diffusion models have revealed their versatile applicability across different fields, spanning from sociology and finance to biology and ecology. The presence of a community structure within real-world networks has a substantial impact on how diffusion processes unfold. Key nodes located both within and between these communities play a crucial role in initiating diffusion, and community-aware centrality measures effectively identify these nodes.

Crystal Structure, Theoretical Analysis, and Protein/DNA Binding Activity of Iron(III) Complex Containing Differently Protonated Pyridoxal--Methyl-Isothiosemicarbazone Ligands.

Pyridoxal--methyl-isothiosemicarbazone (PLITSC) is a member of an important group of ligands characterized by different complexation modes to various transition metals. In this contribution, a new complex containing two differently protonated PLITSC ligands ([Fe(PLITSC-H)(PLITSC)]SO)∙2.5HO was obtained.

Spinal muscular atrophy carrier frequency in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Spinal Muscular Dystrophy (SMA) is one of the leading causes of death in infants and young children from heritable diseases. Although no large-scale popultion-based studies have been done in Saudi Arabia, it is reported that the incidence of SMA is higher in the Saudi population partly because of the high degree of consanguineous marriages.

Methods: The final analysis included 4198 normal volunteers aged between 18 and 25 years old, 54.

Ranking influential nodes in complex networks with community structure.

Quantifying a node's importance is decisive for developing efficient strategies to curb or accelerate any spreading phenomena. Centrality measures are well-known methods used to quantify the influence of nodes by extracting information from the network's structure. The pitfall of these measures is to pinpoint nodes located in the vicinity of each other, saturating their shared zone of influence.

Characterizing the interactions between classical and community-aware centrality measures in complex networks.

Identifying vital nodes in networks exhibiting a community structure is a fundamental issue. Indeed, community structure is one of the main properties of real-world networks. Recent works have shown that community-aware centrality measures compare favorably with classical measures agnostic about this ubiquitous property.

A Comprehensive Analysis of Unique and Recurrent Copy Number Variations in Alzheimer's Disease and its Related Disorders.

Background: Copy number variations (CNVs) play an important role in the genetic etiology of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were shown to have share mechanisms and signaling pathways with AD.

Objective: We aimed to assess CNVs regions that may harbor genes contributing to AD, T2DM, and MDD in 67 Saudi familial and sporadic AD patients, with no alterations in the known genes of AD and genotyped previously for APOE.

Why Design Matters: From Decorated Metal Oxide Clusters to Functional Metal-Organic Frameworks.

The opportunity to generate functional solids with defined properties by deliberate design has not been materialized in traditional solid-state chemistry over many decades. The emergence of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), permanently porous, crystalline solids with defined metrics, has allowed for studying design, synthesis, and properties, which then translated into new applications. Aggregates of metal ions stitched together by multidentate functional groups form such metal oxide clusters and represent the nodes of MOFs.

Genetic Study of Alzheimer's Disease in Saudi Population.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurological disorder associated with mental decline and dementia. Several studies focused on investigating the molecular basis of the disease that led to the identification of several causative genes and risk associated alleles. Replication of these studies and findings from different populations is very important.

Nontraumatic cerebral hemorrhage in the young: a study of 107 cases.

Background: Reports on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the young are rare, and information on the cause and prognosis of ICH in this age-group is sparse.

Methods: All cases of ICH admitted to three major hospitals in Saudi Arabia over a 15-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Patients aged between 6 months and 45 years at stroke onset were studied.

Novel presenilin 1 mutation associated with early-onset Alzheimer`s disease in a Saudi patient.

We report a 60-year-old Saudi patient with the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer`s disease (AD) and a novel mutation in the presenilin gene. We investigated mutations in the presenilin-1 gene in Saudi patients with AD using polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing methods. We extracted genomic DNA from the whole blood of both patients and normal control individuals.

A clinical and genetic study of 56 Saudi Wilson disease patients: identification of Saudi-specific mutations.

Wilson disease (WD) is a hereditary disorder, with recessive transmission and genetic heterogeneity. Several mutations of ATP7B, the gene underlying WD, were reported in many ethnic groups. In this study, mutation screening in ATP7B of 56 Saudi Arabian WD patients was undertaken.

Molecular analysis of the spinal muscular atrophy and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein genes in Saudi patients with spinal muscular atrophy.

Objective: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common, often fatal, autosomal recessive disease leading to progressive muscle wasting and paralysis as a result of degeneration of anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. The prevalence of SMA cases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is much higher than the European and North American population. Deletions or mutations in 2 genes, telomeric form of the survival motor neuron (SMN1) and the neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP), are known to be associated with SMA.

Thrombosis complicating high dose intravenous immunoglobulin: report of three cases and review of the literature.

High dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVG) is increasingly used in a broad range of immune mediated diseases. Thrombosis was exceptionally reported as a complication of this therapy. We describe three cases of thrombotic complications during or soon after IVIG treatment: myocardial infarction in a man and cerebral infarctions in an elderly man, associated with peripheral ischemia in a woman.

Deletion mutations in the dystrophin gene of Saudi patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy.

Objective: The deletion in the dystrophin gene has been reported for many ethnic groups, but until now the mutations in this gene have not been thoroughly investigated in Saudi patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD). We examined the deletion pattern in the dystrophin gene of the Saudi patients applying multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The aim of this study is to describe the outcome of our initial effort to identify mutations in the dystrophin gene in a representative group of Saudi patients with DMD and BMD.

Application of DNA-based tests for diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy in Saudi Arabia.

We examined the deletion of the survival motor neuron (SMN) and neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP) genes in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction site assay methods. The study included 16 Saudi patients (9 SMA type I and 7 SMA type II) and 6 healthy Saudi volunteers. The homozygous deletions of exons 7 and 8 of the telomeric SMN gene, and exon 5 of the NAIP gene were found in all SMA type I patients.

Stroke in Saudi Arabia.

In this review, the authors summarize 10 years of work on stroke in Saudi Arabia that has led to more than 25 publications. The incidence and prevalence of strokes were low when compared to those reported from Western countries, but this was mainly due to the younger age of the population. The overall distribution of stroke types was not different from that reported in other communities, with the exception of the low incidence of subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The prevalence of epilepsy and other seizure disorders in an Arab population: a community-based study.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of epilepsy and other convulsive disorders and the causes of symptomatic epilepsies in a Saudi Arabian population.

Methods: Door to door survey of a restricted area inhabited by 23 700 Saudi nationals. The World Health Organization (WHO) protocol designed to detect neurological disorders was used as screening instrument.

A novel deletion mutation within the carboxyl terminus of the copper-transporting ATPase gene causes Wilson disease.

In patients with Wilson disease (WD), an autosomal recessive disorder, toxic accumulation of copper results in fatal liver disease and irreversible neuronal degeneration. ATP7B, the gene mutated in WD, contains 21 exons and encodes a copper-transporting ATPase. In this study, all exons of the ATP7B gene of nine WD patients were screened for alterations by conventional mutation detection enhancement (MDE) heteroduplex analysis, followed by direct sequencing of the regions that showed heteroduplex formation.

Motor terminal latency index in carpal tunnel syndrome.

We determined the motor terminal latency index (MTLI) of the median nerve across the carpal tunnel in 41 upper extremities of 31 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Changes in motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), motor terminal latency (MTL), sensory action potential and the amplitude of the compound muscle action potential recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle were all suggestive of proximal and distal segment involvement of the nerve across the carpal tunnel. There was no correlation between forearm MNCV and MTL (r = 0.

The Saudi Stroke Data Bank. Analysis of the first 1000 cases.

Objectives: To determine the types of stroke, their risk factors and their most likely causes in Saudi patients.

Methods: Data on stroke cases admitted to 2 major hospitals in Saudi Arabia since 1982 were collected retrospectively up to 1991 then prospectively since then. By January 1995, the number of cases with first-ever-stroke stored in our Saudi Stroke Data Bank reached 1280.

Terminal Latency Index: A distinctive diagnostic criterion for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version.

Epilepsy classification and factors associated with control in Saudi adult patients.

There is insufficient information on the epilepsies in Saudi Arabia. The objectives were to classify the patients according to seizure types and epilepsies as well as to determine the factors associated with control. In a hospital-based study, clinical information, electroencephalographic and neuroimaging findings were utilized to classify the cases into seizure types and epilepsies according to ILAE criteria and to determine the factors statistically associated with control.

Dementia in Saudi Arabia: experience from a university hospital.

Objectives: To describe the pattern of presentation, the types of dementia and the associated conditions in Saudi patients.

Materials And Methods: Hospital-based study using DSM-IV and ICD 10 criteria for consensus diagnosis of cases from clinical information and results of investigations. Dementia subtypes were made according to NINCDS-ADRDA, NINDS-AIREN and ICD 10 criteria while CDR was used for severity grading.