Congenital Hepatic Cyst.

Congenital hepatic cyst is a rare and nonsymptomatic condition in infants and children. Its incidence is 2.5% in the postnatal life with a much lower incidence in the prenatal period.

Amniotic Band Syndrome, Perinatal Hospice, and Palliative Care versus Active Management.

. Amniotic band syndrome and sequence are a relatively rare condition in which congenital anomalies occur as a result of the adherence and entrapment of fetal parts with coarse fibrous bands of the amniotic membrane. A large percentage of reported cases have an atypical gestational history.

Epidemiology of congenital syphilis in a South Bronx population: a follow-up study.

Despite widespread prenatal serological screening, the Centers for Disease Control recently reported that from 2005 to 2008, congenital syphilis increased by 23%, many being born to black women in the southern United States. We collected data on the epidemiology of this condition in our institution for the past 18 years (January 1, 1991-December 31, 2008). There has been a marked decrease in the incidence of active infection since the 1990s.

Predicting survival of periviable fetuses using NICHD fetal heart rate categories.

Objective: To evaluate whether National Institute of Child Health and Human Health and Development (NICHD) fetal heart rate categories were predictive of neonatal survival in periviable pregnancies.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of 57 infants delivered at 23 and 24 weeks' gestation. Fetal heart rate tracings were evaluated following the NICHD 2008 criteria, using the acceleration height of 10 bpm and duration of 10 s.

Fungal endocarditis in a premature infant complicated by a right atrial mycetoma and inferior vena cava thrombosis.

The incidence of fungal endocarditis in premature infants is on the rise, reported in the last decade secondary to use of central venous lines, the frequent use of broad spectrum antibiotics and neonatal surgical interventions. Central line related thrombosis is a significant risk factor for persistent fungemia and end organ complications including endocarditis. We present a fatal case of progressive thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and right atrial mycetoma in a premature infant with candidemia who underwent ileostomy for bowel perforation.

Outcome of infants born at 21-28 weeks' gestation in an inner-city hospital over an eight-year period.

Outcome of all live births at 21-28 weeks' gestation (GA) and/or <1250 g birth weight (BW) over an eight-year period were reviewed and compared with other outcome data. Causes of mortality were ascertained for all deaths. Significant morbidities were reviewed among <25 weeks GA and/or <800 g survivors over a two-year period.

Hydrocephalus in a hydropic fetus with Turner syndrome: a rare association.

We report a rare case of antenatally diagnosed Turner syndrome associated with hydrocephalus. In addition, the fetus had cystic hygroma, hydrops fetalis and hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Pregnancy was terminated because of the poor outcome of the above-mentioned anomalies.

Tracheal agenesis: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Isolated type III tracheal agenesis without associated congenital anomalies is very rare. Therefore, infants with this type of isolated defects are potential candidates for surgical correction. We present three cases of tracheal agenesis (Floyd's type III) with no other major abnormalities and reviewed the literature.

Caudal regression syndrome versus sirenomelia: a case report.

We describe a newborn with clinical features of sirenomelia including fused lower limbs with medial position, absence of fibula, anal atresia, bilateral renal agenesis, and a single large umbilical artery. Recent literature describing the etiology of sirenomelia and relationship to caudal regression syndrome is reviewed.

Fetal thoracic measurements in prenatal diagnosis of Jeune syndrome.

We describe prenatal sonographic findings in a 34-week fetus with Jeune syndrome or asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD). The long bones measured were less than third percentile; the thoracic circumference (TC) measured 216 mm (< 2.5th percentile); the abdominal circumference (AC) measured 303.

Expedited human immunodeficiency virus testing of mothers and newborns with unknown HIV status at time of labor and delivery.

New York State introduced the first statewide program in the U.S. of expedited HIV testing (48-hour turn-around results) of mothers with unknown HIV status at the time of labor or delivery and their newborns on August 1, 1999.

Newborn screening for human immunodeficiency virus infection in the Bronx, NY, and evolving public health policy.

New advances in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection continue to propel changes in public understanding of HIV infection and the administration of public health law. Over the past decade, New York State has moved from a policy of blind newborn screening for seroprevalence data to mandatory HIV testing as part of the statewide Newborn Screening (NBS) Program. A new statewide program of expedited HIV testing (48-hr turnaround results) of pregnant women and newborns (whose HIV status is unknown at the time of delivery) began in the summer of 1999.

Bronchogenic cyst and its progress in a premature infant.

The progressive course of a congenital bronchogenic cyst in a very low birth weight infant with respiratory distress is presented. A bronchogenic cyst, while uncommon, should be in the differential diagnosis of pneumomediastinum or medial pneumothorax even in premature infants who are on ventilators.

New dysmorphic features in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.

We report a new case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome with a hypoplastic right kidney, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and mitral valve regurgitation. Other pertinent features included broad thumbs, broad big toes, syndactyly of the third and fourth fingers bilaterally, beaked nose, broad columella of the nose, patent ductus arteriosus, and motor and mental retardation. The testes were descended.

Teenage pregnancy in an urban hospital setting.

Recent research suggests that adverse consequences of teenage pregnancy are largely a function of social background factors and adequacy of prenatal care. This study examines the situation of young mothers with new babies in a low income, urban environment. The study explores the relationship between age and ethnicity and various life circumstance and life style differences which might effect long term developmental outcome.

Sudden unexpected death in infants of narcotic-dependent mothers.

During the study years 1972--1974, 8 of 383 infants born to mothers with known narcotic dependency during pregnancy died unexpectedly within the first 4 mth of life; autopsies were compatible with the diagnosis of SIDS. This incidence of SIDS was 5.5 times that in our hospital populations (P < 0.