Risk Factors for Blood Transfusions in Primary Anatomic and Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Osteoarthritis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for blood transfusion in primary anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) performed for osteoarthritis.

Methods: Patients who underwent anatomic or reverse TSA for a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis were identified in a national surgical database from 2005 to 2018 by utilizing both CPT and ICD-9/ICD-10 codes. Univariate analysis was performed on the two transfused versus non-transfused cohorts to compare for differences in comorbidities and demographics.

Hip hemiarthroplasty for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in dialysis patients.

Objectives: This study sought to delineate the postoperative outcomes in dialysis patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) for the treatment of femoral neck fractures (FNF) in order to better optimise pre- and postoperative management and minimise short-term morbidity and mortality rates.

Methods: 16,955 patients who had undergone HHA for femoral neck fractures from 2005 to 2018 were isolated from a multi-institutional surgical registry, of which 343 (2.0%) were on dialysis and 16,612 (98.

Absence of a "July Effect" on Hospital Length of Stay After Primary Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty.

There is a commonly held belief in a "July effect" resulting in suboptimal outcomes as residents begin or advance in their training each summer. Previous studies have shown an absence of a July effect on clinical outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, it remains unknown whether there is a July effect on hospital length of stay (LOS) after primary THA/TKA.

Complications following regional anesthesia versus general anesthesia for the treatment of distal radius fractures.

Purpose: Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) are commonly utilized for the repair of distal radius fractures (DRF). While general anesthesia (GA) is typically administered for ORIF, recent studies have also demonstrated promising results with the usage of regional anesthesia (RA) in the surgical treatment of distal radius fractures. This study will compare complication rates between the use of RA versus GA for ORIF of DRFs.

No change in performance metrics in major league baseball players sustaining wrist fractures after being struck by an errant pitch.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of wrist fractures on performance metrics in Major League Baseball Players after they were hit by an errant pitch.

Methods: Players who sustained wrist fractures after being struck by a pitch were identified and changes in performance metrics were calculated.

Results: In both the short- and medium-term analysis, there were no significant differences in all pre- and post-injury offensive statistics following return to play.

The impact of chronic kidney disease on postoperative complications in patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty: A propensity matched analysis.

Objectives: Though the role of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been studied previously in primary arthroplasty procedures of the hips and knees, there is a paucity of literature analyzing CKD's impact on surgical outcomes in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) patients. As the number of patients with CKD requiring revision surgery increases, more vigilant pre-operative and post-operative measures can be taken to ensure successful outcomes. This retrospective study sought to 1) determine differences in demographics and preoperative comorbidities of patients with normal or mild CKD and those with moderate/severe CKD and 2) establish moderate/severe CKD as an independent risk factor for complications in the 30-day postoperative period in patients undergoing rTKA.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on surgical complications in patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty: Insulin dependence makes a difference.

Objectives: Assessing the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on revision TKA (rTKA) has become increasingly imperative due to the increased rates of revisions associated with DM. This study sought to identify complications in rTKA that were independently associated with NIDDM/IDDM compared to non-diabetic (Non-DM) patients and whether IDDM was associated with specific postoperative complications compared to NIDDM.

Methods And Materials: 16,428 rTKA patients were identified from the ACS-NSQIP database from 2005 to 2016 and stratified into three separate cohorts.

Repeat irrigation & debridement for patients with acute septic knee arthritis: Incidence and risk factors.

Background: Septic knee arthritis is considered an orthopedic emergency due to its significant morbidity and potential to be life-threatening. One important outcome in treatment of septic knee arthritis is whether return to the operating room for repeat irrigation and debridement is required. This complication presents extra burden to the patient, as well as to the health care system.

Impact of Clavicle Fractures on Return to Play and Performance Ratings in NFL Athletes.

Objective: Clavicle fractures in the National Football League (NFL) have gained significant attention because of their impact on high profile athletes; however, little has been published on the overall impact of these injuries. This study sought to determine the time to return to play and quantitative impact on athletic performance after clavicle fractures in NFL athletes.

Design: Retrospective Cohort Study; Level of evidence, 3.

Impact of smoking on outcomes following knee and shoulder arthroscopy.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate any association between preoperative smoking and perioperative and early postoperative complications in patients following shoulder and knee arthroscopic surgery.

Methods: This is a retrospective study using the prospectively collected National Surgery Quality Improvement Program database. All patients who underwent eight specific shoulder and knee arthroscopy procedures, identified by current procedural terminology codes, were included in this study and analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses to determine the impact of preoperative smoking status on postoperative complications.

Hemiarthroplasty versus total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Purpose: This study sought to delineate whether total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) had more complication rates following the treatment of femoral neck fractures (FNF) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.

Materials And Methods: The ACS-NSQIP database was queried for all patients with a history of COPD who had undergone THA and HHA with FNFs, isolated by CPT codes and ICD-9/ICD-10 codes. Propensity score matching without replacement in a 1:1 manner was done to control for patient demographics/preoperative comorbidities.

Surgical complications associated with congestive heart failure in elderly patients following primary hip hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures.

Introduction: Although there are reports of the impact of congestive heart failure (CHF) on total knee arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty, there is a lack of literature analyzing CHF in hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) procedures. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of CHF on risks for complications following HHA for the treatment of FNF.

Methods: The ACS-NSQIP database was queried for all patients who had undergone HHA from 2005 to 2016.

Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Are at Higher Risk for Pneumonia, Septic Shock, and Blood Transfusions After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been associated with several complications after surgery, including pneumonia, myocardial infarction, septic shock, and mortality. To the authors' knowledge, there has been no work analyzing the impact of COPD on complications after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Although previous work has elucidated the complications COPD has on TKA and THA, extrapolating the results of lower extremity arthroplasty to TSA may prove to be inaccurate.

The Effect of Turf Toe Injuries on Player Performance in the National Football League.

Background: "Turf toe" results from hyperdorsiflexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint, injuring the plantar capsuloligamentous complex. We hypothesized that National Football League (NFL) player performance following turf toe injury would decrease in comparison to controls at the same position.

Methods: Demographics, return to play, and season performance data on players sustaining turf toe injuries in the NFL from 2010-2015 were collected.

Comparison of Short-term Complication Rates Between Cephalomedullary Hip Screw Devices and Sliding Hip Screws: An Analysis of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Database.

Background: The literature pertaining to the management of intertrochanteric hip fractures using cephalomedullary hip screws (CMHSs) and sliding hip screws (SHSs) has shown varying results. CMHS use has increased over time without validation of its superiority in the literature.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program database.

Identifiable risk factors for thirty-day complications following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Objectives: Shoulder arthroscopy has increased in frequency over the past decade, with rotator cuff repair comprising the majority of cases performed. Prior studies have detailed risk factors for 30-day complications and readmission rates after arthroscopic shoulder surgery using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database, but no study has specifically looked at arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the risk factors for 30-day complications following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair using the NSQIP database.

Comparing hospital outcomes between open and closed tibia fractures treated with intramedullary fixation.

Introduction: Tibial shaft fractures comprise a large portion of operatively treated long bone fractures, and present with the highest rate of open injuries. Intramedullary fixation has become the standard of care for both open and closed injuries. The rates of short term complications and hospital length of stay for open and closed fractures treated with intramedullary fixation is not fully known.

Results of ACL reconstruction with tibial Retroscrew fixation: Comparison of clinical outcomes and tibial tunnel widening.

Unlabelled: ACL reconstruction with the RetroScrew™ shows superior clinical outcomes compared to historical Achilles allograft studies with antegrade screws. Addition of antegrade screw augmentation to retrograde fixation causes an increase in tibial tunnel widening.

Introduction: In traditional antegrade screw fixation of Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) soft tissue allografts, the screw is secured in the opposite direction of graft tension, potentially altering the appropriate tension on the graft.

Clinical measurement of patellar tendon: accuracy and relationship to surgical tendon dimensions.

Patellar tendon width and length are commonly used for preoperative planning for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). In the study reported here, we assessed the accuracy of preoperative measurements made by palpation through the skin, and correlated these measurements with the actual dimensions of the tendons at surgery. Before making incisions in 53 patients undergoing ACLR with patellar tendon autograft, we measured patellar tendon length with the knee in full extension and in 90° of flexion, and tendon width with the knee in 90° of flexion.

Inter- and intra-observer reliability of the Baumann angle of the humerus in children with supracondylar humeral fractures.

The Baumann angle of the humerus has been commonly used as an outcome measure for supracondylar fractures in children. However, there is limited or no information about the reliability of this measurement. The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-observer reliability (IEOR) and intra-observer reliability (IAOR) of the Baumann angle of the humerus.

Pitfalls of using performance measures to evaluate the quality of hip fracture care.

The objective of this study was to determine feasibility of using RAND quality indicators to evaluate hip fracture care. Retrospective chart review was used to determine the adherence to quality indicators and the location of documentation of compliance. A chart abstraction tool was created for systematic extraction of data from multiple chart components.

Knee stability following anterior cruciate ligament rupture and surgery. The contribution of irreducible tibial subluxation.

Background: Knee stability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is generally determined by measuring total anteroposterior tibial motion. In spite of a decrease in excessive anteroposterior tibial motion after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, problems can still develop. In the present study, we sought to define the tibiofemoral relationship more accurately with use of stress radiographs of human knees after anterior cruciate ligament rupture and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.