Time reducing process for biofuel production from non edible oil assisted by ultrasonication.

Limited resources of conventional fuels such as petrodiesel have led to the search for alternative fuels. Various convention batch/continuous processes for the biodiesel production have been developed before the recent year. All processes are time consuming with high labor cost.

Synthesis, spectral characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of Schiff base Cr (III), Mn (III) and Fe (III) macrocyclic complexes.

A Schiff base ligand was synthesized by reacting 1,4-dicarbonyl-phenyl-dihydrazide and chromene-2,3-dione (2:2) and a series of metal complexes with this new ligand were synthesized by reaction with Cr (III), Mn (III), and Fe (III) metal salt in methanolic medium. The Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes have been characterized with the help of elemental analysis, conductance measurements, magnetic measurements and their structure configuration has been determined by various spectroscopic (electronic, IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, GCMS) techniques. Electronic spectra of the complexes indicate that the geometry of the metal center was five coordinate square pyramidal.

Fast, easy ethanomethanolysis of Jatropha curcus oil for biodiesel production due to the better solubility of oil with ethanol in reaction mixture assisted by ultrasonication.

Biodiesel was obtained by transesterification of Jatropha curcus oil with anhydrous methanol, ethanol, and various mixtures of methanol/ethanol system. The present research work ultrasonic assisted transesterification of J. curcus oil was carried out in the presence of various mixtures of methanol/ethanol system and potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst, keeping the molar ratio of oil to alcohol 1:6.

Enzymatic transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil assisted by ultrasonication.

Ultrasonication used for the production of fatty acid methyl ester from non-edible vegetable oil using immobilized lipase (Chromobacterium viscosum) as a catalyst from Enterobacter aerogenes to make the process fully ecologically and environmental friendly. The optimal conditions for biodiesel production is the molar ratio oil to methanol 1:4, catalyst concentration 5 wt.% of oil, reaction time 30 min, ultrasonic amplitude 50% (100 W/m(3)) and cycle 0.

WITHDRAWN: A continuous transesterification process of Jatropha curcas oil in the presence of biodiesel as a green solvent.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.

Synthesis, spectral characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of Schiff base Cu (II), Ni (II) and Co (II) complexes.

M(II) complexes of the type [HLCu(2)Cl(3)], [HLCu(2)(O(CO)CH(3))(3)], [HLM(2)Cl(4)(H(2)O)(3)] and [HLM(2)(OC(O)CH(3))(4)(H(2)O)(3)], where M=Ni(II), Co(II) have been synthesized by condensation of 3-acyl-2-one indol and hydrazinecarbothioamide (2:1) in the presence of divalent metal salt in methanolic medium. The complexes have been characterized with the help of elemental analysis, conductance measurements, magnetic measurements and their structural configuration have been determined by various spectroscopic (electronic, IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, GCMS) techniques. Electronic and magnetic moments of the complexes indicate that the geometries of the metal centers are either distorted octahedral, or square planer.