Epidemiology and histopathological spectrum of head and neck cancers in Bihar, a state of Eastern India.

Head and neck cancers are amongst the commonest malignancies, accounting for approximately 20% of the cancer burden in India. The major risk factors are tobacco chewing, smoking and alcohol consumption, which are all preventable. This retrospective study presents data from the histopathology register for a five year period from 2002-2006 at Patna Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary care hospital drawing patients from the entire Bihar state, the 3rd most populous state of India with the majority of the population residing in rural areas.

Reorganisation of human sperm nuclear architecture during formation of pronuclei in a model system.

By fertilisation, two terminally differentiated cells, namely the egg and spermatozoon, are combined to create a totipotent zygote. During this process, the inactive sperm nucleus is transformed into a functional male pronucleus. Recent studies demonstrate that human sperm chromatin has an elaborate multilevel organisation, but almost nothing is known about how sperm chromosomes are transformed during fertilisation.