Correlation of serum Adenosine Deaminase levels with microbiological parameters in Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Accurate diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is largely based on sputum smear microscopy, culture, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF tests; culture being the gold standard. All these diagnostic tests require sputum sample to be positive for , while many active TB patients often do not present with positive sputum. Biochemical markers play an important role in early diagnosis, disease prevention, and drug response in tuberculosis.

Association of 25 (OH) Vitamin D and Leptin in Individuals with Insulin Resistance.

Introduction: Asian-Indian individuals with diabetes have been shown to have low vitamin D levels. Whether this hypovitamonisis D is associated with hyperleptinaemia is unclear. Also, whether this association is different in those with and without insulin resistance has not been ascertained.

Prevalence of diabetes related vascular complications in subjects with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, newly detected diabetes and known diabetes.

Aims: Varying prevalence of individual diabetes related vascular complications in prediabetes has been reported. However, very few studies have looked at both macrovascular and microvascular complications in prediabetes.

Methods: Study subjects without any history of diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and were classified as either normal glucose tolerance (NGT), prediabetes (PD), newly detected diabetes mellitus (NDDM) on the basis of American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): presentation, diagnosis and treatment.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological disorder which is characterised by variable symptoms, which include visual disturbances, headache, vomiting, seizures and altered consciousness. The exact pathophysiology of PRES has not been completely explained, but hypertension and endothelial injury seem to be almost always present. Vasoconstriction resulting in vasogenic and cytotoxic edema is suspected to be responsible for the clinical symptoms as well as the neuro-radiological presentation.

Prediction of Gestational Diabetes from First Trimester Serum Adiponectin Levels in Indian Women.

Introduction: The prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by serum adiponectin levels has shown promise in Western literature. This study looks at the first trimester serum adiponectin levels as a predictor of gestational diabetes in Indian women.

Material And Methods: A total of 450 pregnant women were screened at 11-- 13 weeks of gestation and serum samples were stored.

Association of postprandial triglyceride responses with insulin resistance among rotational night shift healthcare workers.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Does long-term rotational night shift work among healthcare workers alter postprandial triglyceride metabolism, and are the postprandial triglyceride responses associated with insulin resistance? What is the main finding and its importance? Rotational night shift duties in healthcare workers might have a negative impact on postprandial triglyceride responses and insulin sensitivity. This is the first study in which postprandial triglyceride responses among shift workers exposed to long-term night shifts have been studied.

Abstract: Studies on the postprandial period demonstrate that in experimental conditions, abrupt or acute changes in sleep timing and work are followed by significantly altered postprandial glucose, insulin secretion and lipid tolerance.

Complicated malaria: a rare presentation of Plasmodium ovale.

Malaria has emerged as a major public health problem worldwide. Complications are commonly seen in Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) and Plasmodium vivax (P.

Diagnostic dilemma in female genital tuberculosis- staining techniques revisited.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an increasing public health concern worldwide. On a global scale it has a devastating impact in developing nations. Genital TB, an extrapulmonary form, is not uncommon particularly in areas where pulmonary TB is prevalent.

Symptomatic relapse of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: recurrent cryptococcal meningitis or Cryptococcus-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome?

Cryptococcosis, a significant opportunistic infection, has become a global concern since the advent of immunosuppressive chemotherapy or in immunodeficient patients. Host responses range from a harmless colonization to disseminated disease. An accurate or definitive diagnosis in patients with cryptococcal meningitis is often delayed because of the similar clinical presentation and biochemical or cerebrospinal fluid findings to those of a variety of infectious and non-infectious aetiologies, most of which are also especially prevalent in developing countries.

Efficiency of diagnostic methods for correlation between prevalence of enteric protozoan parasites and HIV/AIDS status--an experience of a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi.

Since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, opportunistic infections have been recognized as common complications of HIV infection. Enteric protozoan parasitic infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV infected patients. The present study is, therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence of these parasites and study their association with immune status in HIV patients with emphasis on the correlation between various diagnostic techniques to give an accurate diagnosis to avoid empirical treatment.

Dengue fever presenting as acute liver failure--a case report.

Dengue fever (DF) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) are important mosquito-borne viral diseases of humans and recognized as important emerging infectious diseases in the tropics and subtropics. Compared to nine reporting countries in the 1950s, today the geographic distribution includes more than 100 countries worldwide. Dengue viral infections are known to present a diverse clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic illness to fatal dengue shock syndrome.

Iron deficiency anemia presenting as pancytopenia in an adolescent girl.

Iron deficiency anemia is commonly associated with thrombocytosis and normal leukocyte count. Thrombocytopenia has occasionally been reported in iron deficiency anemia, but pancytopenia is very rare. We present a case of a young female who presented with iron deficiency anemia associated with pancytopenia that improved with iron replenishment after initial deterioration, the mechanism of which is also discussed in this case report.

Treatment under DOTS.

Present study was prospectively carried out at the 3 DOTS cum Microscopy Centres, associated with LRS Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Disease. A pre-tested and pre-designed questionnaire was developed to study the objectives and the patients were interviewed with the questionnaire at beginning of treatment. Among the 311 patients who were included in the study, 158 patients consisted of different type of delay.

Cutaneous markers of coronary artery disease.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is rapidly increasing in prevalence across the world and particularly in south Asians at a relatively younger age. As atherosclerosis starts in early childhood, the process of risk evaluation must start quite early. The present review addresses the issue of cutaneous markers associated with atherosclerosis, and the strengths and weaknesses of the markers in identifying early coronary atherosclerosis.

Unusual manifestations in dengue outbreak 2009, Delhi, India.

Epidemics of Dengue fever (DF) and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are common in Southeast Asia. DF is defined & classified according to WHO criteria. Variable clinical manifestations of DF & DHF have been described in earlier studies.

Diffuse lymphomatous infiltration of kidney presenting as renal tubular acidosis and hypokalemic paralysis: case report.

We report the case of a 22-year-old woman who presented with acute onset flaccid quadriparesis. Physical examination showed mild pallor with cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and bilateral smooth enlarged kidneys. Neurological examination revealed lower motor neuron muscle weakness in all the four limbs with hyporeflexia and normal sensory examination.

Celiac disease: association with adult-onset Still's disease: apropos of a clinical case.

Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rheumatic disorder of unknown etiology characterized by a triad of fever, polyarthritis and evanescent rash. We present a case report of a 28-year-old female who presented with complaints of fever, joint pains, rash, weakness for the past 4 years and diarrhea for the past 2 years. On investigation the patient was diagnosed to be a case of AOSD.

The 2003 outbreak of Dengue fever in Delhi, India.

Dengue fever (DF) and Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are widespread in Southeast Asia. An outbreak of DF/DHF in Delhi in 2003 started during September, reached its peak in October-November, and lasted until early December. This study describes the clinical and laboratory data of the 185 cases of DF/DHF admitted to Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi.