Critical appraisal of Genelyn soft embalming for cadaveric surgical skill training: A systematic review.

Genelyn is a proprietary embalming solution used for preserving cadavers for surgical skill training (SST) and undergraduate teaching. The aim of this review is to examine the Genelyn embalming method critically by analyzing scientific publications that have employed this method for SST and undergraduate education. The systematic review process involved searching for all relevant articles in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase using the keywords "Genelyn," Genelyn embalming," "Genelyn embalmed cadaver," and "surgical skill training.

Numerical approach to quantify depth-dependent blood flow changes in real-time using the diffusion equation with continuous-wave and time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy.

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is a non-invasive optical technique that can measure brain perfusion by quantifying temporal intensity fluctuations of multiply scattered light. A primary limitation for accurate quantitation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) is the fact that experimental measurements contain information about both extracerebral scalp blood flow (SBF) as well as CBF. Separating CBF from SBF is typically achieved using multiple source-detector channels when using continuous-wave (CW) light sources, or more recently with use of time-domain (TD) techniques.

In Silico Design and Investigation of Novel Thiazetidine Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of PrpR in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is one of the most life-threatening acute infectious diseases diagnosed in humans. In the present investigation, a series of 16 new disubstituted 1,3-thiazetidines derivatives is designed, and investigated via various in silico methods for their potential as anti-tubercular agent by evaluating their ability to block the active site of PrpR transcription factor protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The efficacy of the molecules was initially assessed with the help of AutoDock Vina algorithm.

Pediatric Intermaxillary Fixation in a Child with Isolated Subcondylar Fracture under Local Anesthesia: A Technical Note and Case Report.

Unlabelled: Pediatric subcondylar jaw fractures in the mixed dentition phase present a unique challenge as immobilization of the jaw is indicated but arch bars are contraindicated due to fear of damage to underlying tooth buds. No definite guidelines are present in the management of pediatric subcondylar jaw fractures. We report a case in which a patient in mixed dentition with undisplaced fracture of neck of condyle which was managed with Intermaxillary fixation.

Topical Anesthesia in Pediatric Dentistry: An Update.

Topical anesthetics are very important tools for improving comfort in any dental procedure in children. different methods, techniques of achieving topical anesthesia are reported in the literature. The present narrative review focuses on explaining different types of topical anesthesia with a special focus on pediatric dentistry.

Identification of novel inhibitors for Prp protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by structure based drug design, and molecular dynamics simulations.

In this study, we assess the effective inhibition of a series of thiazolidine derivatives (1a-1q) were adopting structure-based drug design. Thiazolidine is a five-membered ring structure with thioether and amino groups at positions 1 and 3. Although, thiazolidine may bind to a wide range of protein targets, it is a major heterocyclic core in medicinal chemistry.

Can 4% Articaine Buccal Infiltration Replace Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) with 2% Xylocaine for Pulp Therapy in Primary Mandibular Molars? A Systematic Review.

Aim And Objective: This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of 4% articaine buccal supraperiosteal/infiltration to that of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with 2% xylocaine in providing pulpal anesthesia for carrying out pulp therapy of deciduous mandibular molars in children.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Registry, and Ovid SP were searched in the timeframe between years 1991 and 2020 with appropriate MeSH terms. Full texts were selected only after a preliminary screening of relevant titles and abstracts.

Learning Gains of Liver Resection and Transplantation Workshop on Genelyn® Embalmed Human Cadavers: Surgical Gastroenterologists' Perceptions.

Background: In the light of increased requirement for liver transplantation procedures, it is pertinent to develop bankable human expertise in the areas of liver resection and anastomoses. The alternative simulator sources available for learning surgical skills might not always provide the realistic learning gains as provided by human cadavers, especially in terms of haptic and tactile fidelity. For the first time, we have used Genelyn® embalmed cadavers (GEC) for training the surgical gastroenterologists in liver resection and transplantation procedures and we wish to document our experience of using them to facilitate the learning of liver resection procedures.

Exploration of potential inhibitors for tuberculosis via structure-based drug design, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies.

Drug resistance in tuberculosis is major threat to human population. In the present investigation, we aimed to identify novel and potent benzimidazole molecules to overcome the resistance management. A series of 20 benzimidazole derivatives were examined for its activity as selective antitubercular agents.

Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract suppresses oxidative stress in the rat pancreas of type-1 diabetes.

Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on oxidative stress (OS), antioxidant enzymes, free radicals and cytokines in the pancreas of T1DM rats.

Methods: Two-month-old Wistar rats were assigned to the control (CON), CON + GSPE (CON + PA), diabetics (STZ, 60 mg/kg b.w.

The Cadaver Conundrum: Sourcing and Anatomical Embalming of Human Dead Bodies by Medical Schools during and after COVID-19 Pandemic: Review and Recommendations.

COVID-19 pandemic has posed a new challenge for medical schools across the world regarding the acceptance of donated and unclaimed dead bodies for academic purpose. Uncertainty of the COVID-19 status among the donated bodies poses a health risk for embalming personnel and medical students who handle the embalmed cadavers. There is a paucity of literature delineating the criteria for accepting or rejecting the bodies during COVID-19 pandemic.

Advanced training in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgical procedures using Genelyn-embalmed human cadavers: A novel model.

Background: Human cadaver is ideal for learning and acquiring new surgical skills. While cadavers preserved using Thiel's embalming method are commonly used for training in laparoscopic surgery, it is a cumbersome technique. We report our experience of using Genelyn-embalmed cadavers for training in advanced laparoscopic gastrointestinal procedures.

Pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of injected ketorolac in comparison to other agents for third molar surgical removal: a systematic review.

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of injected ketorolac to that of other agents for impacted third molar surgical removal in a healthy population. PubMed, Ovid SP, Cochrane databases were filtered from 1980 to July 2020 for potential papers using relevant MeSH terms and pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria independently by reviewers. Studies that compared pre-emptive intramuscular or intravenous administration of ketorolac to other agents were evaluated.

The effect of vibratory stimulus on pain perception during intraoral local anesthesia administration in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of vibration as a counter-stimulatory measure in reducing subjective pain due to local anesthesia administration in children.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid SP, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched until April 2020. Studies were screened by titles and abstracts, followed by full text evaluation of the included studies.

Buffered versus unbuffered local anesthesia for inferior alveolar nerve block injections in children: a systematic review.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of buffered and unbuffered local anesthesia solutions during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) administration in children.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid SP, and Cochrane databases were searched separately by two independent reviewers for potential papers published between 1980 and April 2020 using relevant MeSH terms and pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. T Studies of IANB administration in children comparing buffered and unbuffered local anesthesia solutions were evaluated.

Auto-controlled Syringe vs Insulin Syringe for Palatal Injections in Children: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of auto-control syringe (ACS) and insulin syringe (IS) for palatal local anesthesia administration in children.

Materials And Methods: The study was a double-blind, randomized, and crossover trial, comprising 80 children requiring palatal anesthesia bilaterally (total 160 injections). Palatal anesthesia on one side was delivered with ACS in one appointment and contralaterally with IS in the second appointment.

Effect of warming local anesthesia solutions before intraoral administration in dentistry: a systematic review.

Background: The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of warmed and unwarmed local anesthesia solutions in reduction of pain during intraoral injection administration.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid SP, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from publication years 1990 to 2020 with relevant MeSH terms. Studies were screened by titles and abstracts, followed by full-texts evaluation of the included studies.

Can single buccal infiltration with 4% articaine induce sufficient analgesia for the extraction of primary molars in children: a systematic literature review.

This systematic review aims to determine if a single buccal infiltration (without palatal infiltration in the maxilla and Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block in the mandible) with 4% articaine can induce adequate analgesia for the extraction of primary molars (Maxillary and Mandibular) in children. PubMed, Ovid SP, and Embase were searched for studies published between January 1990 and March 2020 with the relevant MeSH terms. Titles and abstracts were screened preliminarily, followed by the full-texts of the included studies.

Effect of precooling on pain during local anesthesia administration in children: a systematic review.

This study was conducted to determine how precooling reduces the subjective reported pain and objective pain and to evaluate the effectiveness of precooling the injection site before administration of local anesthesia in children. Electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid SP, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for publications from 1980 to 2020. Studies were screened for titles and abstracts, followed by full-text evaluation of included reports.

Eye Movement Distraction: A New Distraction Technique for Management of Dental Anxiety during Intraoral Local Anesthesia Administration in Children.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of eye movement distraction (EMD) in reducing anxiety during intraoral local anesthetic administration in needle-phobic children.

Materials And Methods: A total of 228 children aged 8-13 years were divided into two groups: group I (EMD) and group II (control), and subjective feelings of each child were recorded with a faces pain scale-revised (FPS-R) score. Both the groups (I and II) were compared using the Chi-square test.

Clinical Efficacy of Single-visit Pulpectomy over Multiple-visit Pulpectomy in Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the efficacy of single-visit pulpectomy (SVP) vs multiple-visit pulpectomy (MVP) in infected primary teeth.

Materials And Methods: An extensive literature search in the English language was conducted in PICO format using MeSH terms using databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Ovid, and Cochrane) and pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant studies comparing pulpectomy in single and multiple visits.

Results: Only 4 studies (3- clinical study; 1- microbial study) sustained the final analysis and were included for critical appraisal.

Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery in a fibromuscular tunnel: a case report.

The radial artery usually passes on the radial side of the wrist lateral to the wrist to enter the anatomical snuff box and dorsum of the hand. If the radial artery passes anterior to the wrist, it usually enters the carpal tunnel, and in such cases, it may lead to the compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. During the routine dissection, we found a case of the unusual radial arterial branch that passed anterior to the wrist yet outside the carpal tunnel.

Comparative evaluation of three obturation systems in primary molars - A randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the radiographic efficacy of the quality of obturation and to assess the number of voids and the obturation time in primary teeth using Pastinject™, disposable needle, and capillary tips.

Materials And Methods: A total of 34 teeth with 103 canals were randomly divided into three groups using chit method, based on used application: Group 1: Pastinject™ (Micro-Mega, Besancon, France); Group 2: Disposable needle (23G short needle BD Discardit™, Becton Dickinson India Pvt. Ltd.

Communications between the tendons of flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum longus: a cadaveric study.

Introduction: Tibialis posterior tendon insufficiency in adult acquired flat foot deformity (AAFFD) is treated by reinforcing the posterior tibial tendon (PTT) using grafts from flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL). The communication between FHL and FDL will influence the length of the graft that can be harvested from FHL and FDL. In this study, we aim to study the patterns of communications between FHL and FDL tendons and the location of Master Knot of Henry (MKH) and point of division of FDL tendons in Indian population.