Attenuation of lead-induced oxidative stress in rat brain, liver, kidney and blood of male Wistar rats by Moringa oleifera seed powder.

Moringa oleifera is a tree belonging to Moringaceae family and its leaves and seeds are reported to have ameliorative effects against metal toxicity. In the present investigation, M. oleifera seed powder was tested against lead-induced oxidative stress and compared against meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) treatment.

Hydroalcoholic seed extract of Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) alleviates lead-induced oxidative stress in different regions of rat brain.

Lead exposure is known to cause apoptotic neurodegeneration and neurobehavioral abnormalities in developing and adult brain by impairing cognition and memory. Coriandrum sativum is an herb belonging to Umbelliferae and is reported to have a protective effect against lead toxicity. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to evaluate the protective activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of C.

Ameliorative effects of Bacopa monniera on lead-induced oxidative stress in different regions of rat brain.

Bacopa monniera is a rejuvenating herb for brain cells enhancing learning and cognitive ability. In the present investigation, the ameliorative effects of Bacopa monniera were examined against lead-induced oxidative stress in different regions of rat brain. Male rats were divided into five groups: control (1000 ppm sodium acetate) and exposed (1000 ppm lead acetate) for 4 weeks; DMSA (Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid)-treated (90 mg/kg body weight/day); Bacopa monniera-treated (BM) (10 mg/kg body weight/day) and a combination of BM + DMSA for seven consecutive days after 4 weeks of lead exposure.

Influence of lead acetate on glutathione and its related enzymes in different regions of rat brain.

This study is intended to determine the effect of lead acetate on glutathione and its associated enzymes of rat brain. Wistar male rats were treated with lead acetate (500 ppm) through drinking water for a period of 8 weeks and parallel controls were maintained. They were sacrificed at the first, fourth and eighth week to isolate whole brains, which were separated into cerebellum, hippocampus, frontal cortex and brain stem.

Lead-induced alteration of apoptotic proteins in different regions of adult rat brain.

In our earlier investigations, we have demonstrated the alteration of antioxidant enzymes in adult rat brain exposed to lead. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of lead on inducing apoptosis by choosing poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression as marker proteins in the cerebellum, the hippocampus, the brain stem and the frontal cortex. Adult male rats were treated with lead acetate (500ppm) through drinking water for a period of 8 weeks and parallel controls were maintained on sodium acetate.

Lead-induced increase in antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in developing rat brain.

Pregnant rats were treated with 0.4% lead acetate through drinking water from 6th day of gestation and this treatment was continued till 21 post natal days (PND). Four regions of the brain namely hippocampus, cerebellum, frontal cortex and brain stem were dissected at 10, 20, 30 and 40 PND for estimation of lipid peroxidation products (LPP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Region specific increase in the antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in the brain of rats exposed to lead.

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of lead (pb) on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products in different regions of rat brain. Wistar male rats were treated with lead acetate (500 ppm) through drinking water for a period of 8 weeks. Control animals were maintained on sodium acetate.

Influence of selenium (antioxidant) on gliclazide induced hypoglycaemia/anti hyperglycaemia in normal/alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Oxidative stress is involved in diabetes mellitus and its complications. Since diabetes is a stress-related disorder, supplementation with antioxidants may improve the condition. The purpose of this study is to know the effect of oral administration of selenium on blood glucose and its influence on gliclazide induced hypoglycaemia/antihyperglycaemia in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Glutamic acid reverses Pb2+-induced reductions of NMDA receptor subunits in vitro.

The objective of this study is to determine the effects of Pb2+ on N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits--NR1C1, NR2A and NR2B in primary cultured neuronal cells. We hypothesize that L-glutamic acid (GA) reverses Pb2+-induced NMDAR damage. Neuronal cells were isolated from the fetus brain at 18-20th day of gestation of pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

PKC isoforms were reduced by lead in the developing rat brain.

A plethora of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms play important roles in regulating synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release. Even though, most PKC isoforms are involved in Pb-induced neuronal toxicity, its mechanism is still unclear. The current study addresses the effect of Pb on PKC isoforms in different regions of the developing rat brain.

Health hazards due to pollution of waters along the coast of Visakhapatnam, east coast of India.

Environmental pollution that renders waters along the coastline and beaches unsatisfactory for use by the general public has become a global health problem. This study was conducted to examine the effects of pollution of beach waters and sediment at seven selected locations receiving land drainage along a 45-km stretch of the east coast near Visakhapatnam, India. Pathogenic bacteria were identified using standard methods of culturing on selective media.

In vitro effect of lead on Na+, K+-ATPase activity in different regions of adult rat brain.

Lead interferes with cellular energy metabolism by inhibiting ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) synthesis and hydrolysis. This study was conducted to determine in vitro effects of lead on Na+, K+-ATPase activity in four regions of adult rat brain: the cerebellum, the hippocampus, the frontal cortex and the brain stem. Male rats (Wistar strain) weighing 125-150 g were sacrificed, whole brain excised and the four regions were isolated.