Publications by authors named "Rajan Murgai"

We report the case of a 43-year-old woman who presented with combined radial, median, and ulnar nerve palsies and a spiral humeral shaft fracture after falling down stairs. Postinjury, the patient did not recover full median, ulnar, and radial nerve function despite aggressive hand therapy. Electrodiagnostic studies and imaging findings were concerning for traction neuropraxia or transection, radial nerve neuroma, and scar encasement of the radial, median, and ulnar nerves.

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Background: Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD), or pseudogout, is an inflammatory arthritis common among elderly patients, but rarely seen in patients under the age of 40. In the rare cases presented of young patients with CPPD, genetic predisposition or related metabolic conditions were almost always identified.

Case Summary: The authors report the case of a 9-year-old boy with no past medical history who presented with acute knee pain and swelling after a cat scratch injury 5 d prior.

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Purpose: To explore the correlation between retinal capillary non-perfusion and the distribution of retinal neovascularization and vascular leakage (VL) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: Ultra-widefield angiograms of 96 eyes of 69 patients with PDR were reviewed for the proportion of non-perfused area to total gradable area, and for the presence of neovascularization and VL.

Results: Retinal neovascularization was distributed as such: neovascularization elsewhere (NVE), 57.

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Study Design: Retrospective comparative study OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to investigate fluoroscopy time and radiation exposure during pediatric spine surgery using a dedicated radiology technologist with extensive experience in spine operating rooms. Repetitive use of intraoperative fluoroscopy during posterior spinal fusion (PSF) exposes the patient, surgeon, and staff to radiation.

Methods: Retrospective review was conducted on patients with posterior spinal fusion (PSF) of ≥ 7 levels for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) at a pediatric hospital from 2015 to 2019.

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Study Design: Retrospective comparative study.

Objective: To determine how the use of dedicated spine surgical nurses and scrub technicians impacted surgical outcomes of posterior spinal fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Dedicated team approaches to surgery have been shown to improve surgical outcomes.

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Background: No recent study has examined how a trend toward surgical fixation for pediatric femoral shaft fractures has impacted blood loss and transfusion requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing transfusions in the treatment of pediatric femoral shaft fractures.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with femoral shaft fractures treated surgically from 2004 - 2017 at a tertiary pediatric hospital was conducted.

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Design: Multicenter retrospective review.

Objective: To evaluate radiographic outcomes and complication rates of patients treated with distraction based implants and pelvic fixation with either screws (sacral-alar-iliac [SAI] screws or iliac screws) or hooks (S hook iliac fixation).

Summary Of Background Data: Multiple options exist for pelvic fixation in distraction-based growing rod systems; however, limited comparative data are available.

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Aim: To determine prevalence, incidence and risk factors for foot pressure ulcers in ambulatory children with spina bifida.

Method: Retrospective cohort study of 72 ambulatory children (age range 0-23.9 years) with spina bifida treated at a pediatric tertiary care facility.

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Objective: To examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and outcomes of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Study Design: A retrospective review of patients with DDH at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2003 to 2012 with 2 years minimum follow-up was conducted. The relationship between socioeconomic factors with late presentation, treatment, and outcomes was examined.

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Background: Retrograde percutaneous pinning often involves intra-articular pin placement. Classic teaching has cautioned about the risk of septic arthritis with intra-articular pins, although an incidence has not been reported for this complication. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of pin tract infections and septic arthritis following retrograde percutaneous pinning of the distal femur.

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Background: Conversion disorder in children presents a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. The condition is frequently associated with unnecessary diagnostic tests, treatments, and cost. The purpose of this study was to report a series of children with upper extremity conversion disorder to raise awareness for this uncommon condition and to assist with its diagnosis and management.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of respiratory complications in patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery from 2007 to 2014 using a large patient database.
  • - Researchers identified that out of 64,891 patients, 5.7% experienced respiratory issues within a month post-surgery, with pulmonary collapse being the most common complication (4.3%).
  • - Patients with a history of smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher risk of experiencing respiratory complications compared to those without these risk factors.
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Study Design: Diagnostic accuracy.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if neural axis abnormalities in early onset scoliosis (EOS) patients can be reliably detected with limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences (sagittal T1, sagittal T2).

Summary Of Background Data: MRIs are often performed in EOS patients as studies have shown there are neural axis abnormalities in up to 40% of this population.

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Pediatric trigger thumb is a common reason for toddlers to present to a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon. There is controversy over the precise etiology and optimal treatment method. Current accepted diagnostic and treatment algorithms in children have not varied based on etiology.

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Background: Although postoperative cast immobilization is routinely used in children, it is not without complications. Few studies have focused on interventions to decrease their frequency. The purpose of this study was to determine if foam padding in postoperative lower extremity casts decreased the rate of cast complications.

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Novel synthetic mimics of antimicrobial peptides have been developed to exhibit structural properties and antimicrobial activity similar to those of natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the innate immune system. These molecules have a number of potential advantages over conventional antibiotics, including reduced bacterial resistance, cost-effective preparation, and customizable designs. In this study, we investigate a family of nylon-3 polymer-based antimicrobials.

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