Perioperative morbidity after primary hiatal hernia repair increases as hernia size increases.

Background: Minimally invasive hiatal hernia (HH) repair is the gold standard for correcting mechanical defects of the crural diaphragm due to its safety and favorable clinical outcomes (i.e., relief of patient symptoms).

The inhibitory effect of nicotine on Lumbriculus variegatus stereotypical movements and locomotor activity.

Nicotine has been shown to induce profound physiological and behavioural responses in invertebrate model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Lumbriculus variegatus is an aquatic oligochaete worm which we have previously demonstrated has application within pharmacological research. Herein, we demonstrate the presence of endogenous acetylcholine and cholinesterase activity within L.

Unveiling the Enigma: A Peculiar Encounter of Concurrent Anti--methyl-D-aspartate Receptor and Anti-Hu Antibody Positive Paraneoplastic Syndrome in Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are mostly immune-mediated, tumor-associated disorders. Earlier the 2004 PNS criteria were used which are now partially outdated due to advances in PNS research and also identification of new phenotypes and antibodies that have transformed the diagnostic approach to PNS; hence, a new criterion was proposed in 2016. They can have multifarious presentations, ranging from behavioral abnormalities to altered sensorium and coma.

Recent advancements and clinical aspects of engineered iron oxide nanoplatforms for magnetic hyperthermia-induced cancer therapy.

The pervasiveness of cancer is a global health concern posing a major threat in terms of mortality and incidence rates. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) employing biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) ensuring selective attachment to target sites, better colloidal stability and conserving nearby healthy tissues has garnered widespread acceptance as a promising clinical treatment for cancer cell death. In this direction, multifunctional iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are of significant interest for improved cancer care due to finite size effect associated with inherent magnetic properties.

Relation of Dietary Practices and Academic Achievement Among School-Going Children in Kattankulathur Block, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu.

Background Dietary practices play a crucial role in the overall development of school-going children, potentially influencing their academic performance. Nutrition is a fundamental component of children's overall health and development, influencing both physical growth and cognitive functions. School-going children are particularly vulnerable to the effects of their diet, as it impacts their ability to concentrate, learn, and perform academically.

Psychosocial Consequences Among Witch-hunting Survivors: A Qualitative Study from Jharkhand, India.

Background: Witch-hunting is an evil practice and part of the culture of many marginalized groups in India and globally. The unethical ways of barbarity against women happening in the name of the witch-hunting practice is another face of gender-based discrimination against women who are denied basic living rights. This study aims to understand the psychosocial consequences experienced by witch-hunting survivors.

Chromatin remodelling in damaged intestinal crypts orchestrates redundant TGFβ and Hippo signalling to drive regeneration.

Cell state dynamics underlying successful tissue regeneration are undercharacterized. In the intestine, damage prompts epithelial reprogramming into revival stem cells (revSCs) that reconstitute Lgr5 intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Here single-nuclear multi-omics of mouse crypts regenerating from irradiation shows revSC chromatin accessibility overlaps with ISCs and differentiated lineages.

Proof of Concept of ChatGPT as a Virtual Tutor.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and perceived value of an instructor-developed ChatGPT-based virtual tutor for third-year Doctor of Pharmacy students in a pharmacy management course. The objectives were to assess faculty time required to develop the tool and analyze student engagement and perception of its educational value.

Methods: The virtual tutor was developed by the instructor and consisted of custom ChatGPT prompts deployed via the course's learning management system.

Playback-Aided Surveys and Acoustic Monitoring in the Detection of the Endangered Forest Owlet .

Monitoring rare and endangered species over the long term is challenging due to limited historical data and comparable methods. Climate and landscape changes can significantly impact species distributions, driving some to extinction. The Forest Owlet is an endangered bird considered extinct but rediscovered after 113 years in 1997.

Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Resolution and Associated Clinical Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients with Cirrhosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the common complications of liver cirrhosis. It occurs in nearly 20% of patients with cirrhosis who are hospitalized. Prior literature demonstrated that the AKI occurrence in patients with cirrhosis is independently associated with higher mortality.

Knowledge graph embeddings in the biomedical domain: are they useful? A look at link prediction, rule learning, and downstream polypharmacy tasks.

Summary: Knowledge graphs (KGs) are powerful tools for representing and organizing complex biomedical data. They empower researchers, physicians, and scientists by facilitating rapid access to biomedical information, enabling the discernment of patterns or insights, and fostering the formulation of decisions and the generation of novel knowledge. To automate these activities, several KG embedding algorithms have been proposed to learn from and complete KGs.

Distinction of pseudoprogression from true progression in glioblastomas using machine learning based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and O-methylguanine-methyltransferase promoter methylation status.

Background: It is imperative to differentiate true progression (TP) from pseudoprogression (PsP) in glioblastomas (GBMs). We sought to investigate the potential of physiologically sensitive quantitative parameters derived from diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and molecular signature combined with machine learning in distinguishing TP from PsP in GBMs in the present study.

Methods: GBM patients ( = 93) exhibiting contrast-enhancing lesions within 6 months after completion of standard treatment underwent 3T MRI.

How sleep duration impacts cognitive status among Indian population aged ≥45 years: Evidence from Longitudinal Aging Study India (LASI).

Introduction: An aging population is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Sleep duration, both excess and deficiency, is a risk factor for cognitive impairment. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between sleep duration and cognition in the Indian population.

A New Technique for Creation of Femoral Vein Monocusp Neovalve for Patients With Primary Deep Vein Incompetence.

Methods: Monocusp valve was created by folding the vein wall flap so that both sides of the valve will have intimal surface.

Result: Patient had excellent symptomatic improvement. The venous ulcer healed with skin grafting and had not recurred at 30 months follow up.

Tear-Based Ocular Wearable Biosensors for Human Health Monitoring.

Wearable tear-based biosensors have garnered substantial interest for real time monitoring with an emphasis on personalized health care. These biosensors utilize major tear biomarkers such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and electrolytes for the detection and recording of stable biological signals in a non-invasive manner. The present comprehensive review delves deep into the tear composition along with potential biomarkers that can identify, monitor, and predict certain ocular diseases such as dry eye disease, conjunctivitis, eye-related infections, as well as diabetes mellitus.

Adipocyte metabolic state regulates glial phagocytic function.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are well-established risk factors for neurodegenerative disorders, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The adipocyte-brain axis is crucial for brain function, as adipocytes secrete signaling molecules, including lipids and adipokines, that impinge on neural circuits to regulate feeding and energy expenditure. Disruptions in the adipocyte-brain axis are associated with neurodegenerative conditions, but the causal links are not fully understood.

BPP43_05035 is a cell surface adhesin that weakens the integrity of the epithelial barrier during infection.

The anaerobic spirochete causes intestinal spirochetosis, characterized by the intimate attachment of bacterial cells to the colonic mucosa, potentially leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Despite the clinical significance of infections, the mechanism of the interaction between and the colon epithelium is not known. We characterized the molecular mechanism of the -epithelium interaction and its impact on the epithelial barrier during infection.

Socioeconomic Moderators of the Association Between Delayed Breastfeeding Initiation and Place of Delivery: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Breastfeeding is a crucial and irreplaceable method of feeding infants. Despite the well-established advantages of early breastfeeding initiation, its progress remains constrained. Over half of Indian mothers witness delayed breastfeeding initiation.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with spinal metastases from prostate cancer.

Purpose: Spinal metastases may result in intractable pain, neurological deficit, and vertebral body collapse. There are only a few studies describing outcomes following spine stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) specifically for prostate cancer metastases.

Methods: A prospectively collected database of patients with prostate cancer spinal metastases treated at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from 2003 to 2023 was analyzed.