Role of epidermal growth factor and other growth factors in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) presents as the most common gastrointestinal emergency during the neonatal period and results in ulceration and necrosis of the distal small intestine and proximal colon. The etiology of NEC remains unknown. Based on the complexity of gut development, multiple growth factors and cytokines may be needed to synergistically support the developing gut.

Fistulojejunostomy for the management of refractory pancreatic fistula.

Background: Pancreatic fistula (PF) formation is a known complication of pancreatic surgery, pancreatitis, and pancreatic injury. When medical or endoscopic interventions fail to resolve PF, operation remains the only viable treatment option. Unfortunately, operation for the correction of PF is often difficult and associated with significant morbidity.