Direct inference of the distribution of fitness effects of spontaneous mutations from recombinant inbred Caenorhabditis elegans mutation accumulation lines.

The distribution of fitness effects of new mutations plays a central role in evolutionary biology. Estimates of the distribution of fitness effect from experimental mutation accumulation lines are compromised by the complete linkage disequilibrium between mutations in different lines. To reduce the linkage disequilibrium, we constructed 2 sets of recombinant inbred lines from a cross of 2 Caenorhabditis elegans mutation accumulation lines.

The association between potential predictors and death of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shiraz: a hierarchical multiple regression analysis.

Introduction: Identifying clinical factors that increase the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients is crucial. This enables targeted screening, optimizing treatment, and prevention of severe complications, ultimately reducing death rates. This study aimed to develop prediction models for the death of patients (i.

Perioperative Modified FOLFIRINOX for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant tumor, and durable disease control is rare with the current standard of care, even for patients who undergo surgical resection.

Objective: To assess whether neoadjuvant modified 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (mFOLFIRINOX) leads to early control of micrometastasis and improves survival.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This open-label, single-arm, phase 2 nonrandomized controlled trial for resectable PDAC was conducted at the Yale Smilow Cancer Hospital from April 3, 2014, to August 16, 2021.

AKAP12 Upregulation Associates With PDE8A to Accelerate Cardiac Dysfunction.

Background: In heart failure, signaling downstream the β2-adrenergic receptor is critical. Sympathetic stimulation of β2-adrenergic receptor alters cAMP (cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate) and triggers PKA (protein kinase A)-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that regulate cardiac function. cAMP levels are regulated in part by PDEs (phosphodiesterases).

Explantation of an ALTO abdominal stent graft.

Explantation of traditional infrarenal aortic endografts has been previously described, and explanation of aortic endografts with standard suprarenal fixation at our center has been well defined. However, to the best of our knowledge, no cases have been reported on explantation of endografts with polymer rings present to facilitate the proximal seal. By obtaining full thoracoabdominal exposure with supraceliac clamping and opening the entire aorta along the graft, we were able to successfully explant the ALTO stent graft with polymer rings.

Tracing the evolution of single-cell cancer 3D genomes: an atlas for cancer gene discovery.

Although three-dimensional (3D) genome structures are altered in cancer cells, little is known about how these changes evolve and diversify during cancer progression. Leveraging genome-wide chromatin tracing to visualize 3D genome folding directly in tissues, we generated 3D genome cancer atlases of murine lung and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Our data reveal stereotypical, non-monotonic, and stage-specific alterations in 3D genome folding heterogeneity, compaction, and compartmentalization as cancers progress from normal to preinvasive and ultimately to invasive tumors, discovering a potential structural bottleneck in early tumor progression.

Characterization of GATA3 and Mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American Women.

GATA3 and Mammaglobin are often used in the clinic to identify metastases of mammary origin due to their robust and diffuse expression in mammary tissue. However, the expression of these markers has not been well characterized in tumors from African American women. The goal of this study was to characterize and evaluate the expression of GATA3 and mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American women and determine their association with clinicopathological outcomes including breast cancer subtypes.

Left-sided inferior vena cava implications for cardiopulmonary bypass cannulation in open thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

A left-sided inferior vena cava poses a unique challenge when cannulating for cardiopulmonary bypass during thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair, and how to effectively and safely do so has not been previously described. A 51-year-old woman with a history of Loeys-Dietz syndrome and a left-sided inferior vena cava underwent open Crawford extent II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Cardiopulmonary bypass cannulation was performed using the right axillary artery, left common femoral artery, and right internal jugular vein.

Characterization of GATA3 and Mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American women.

GATA3 and Mammaglobin are often used in the clinic to identify metastases of mammary origin due to their robust and diffuse expression in mammary tissue. However, the expression of these markers has not been well characterized in tumors from African American women. The goal of this study was to characterize and evaluate the expression of GATA3 and mammaglobin breast tumors from African American women and determine their association with clinicopathological outcomes including breast cancer subtypes.

Direct detection of photoinduced magnetic force at the nanoscale reveals magnetic nearfield of structured light.

We demonstrate experimentally the detection of magnetic force at optical frequencies, defined as the dipolar Lorentz force exerted on a photoinduced magnetic dipole excited by the magnetic component of light. Historically, this magnetic force has been considered elusive since, at optical frequencies, magnetic effects are usually overshadowed by the interaction of the electric component of light, making it difficult to recognize the direct magnetic force from the dominant electric forces. To overcome this challenge, we develop a photoinduced magnetic force characterization method that exploits a magnetic nanoprobe under structured light illumination.

Potentilla reptans L. postconditioning protects reperfusion injury via the RISK/SAFE pathways in an isolated rat heart.

Background: Our previous study indicated that Potentilla reptans root has a preconditioning effect by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects in an isolated rat heart ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model. In the present study, we investigated the post-conditioning cardio-protective effects of Potentilla reptans and its active substances.

Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of P.

Antibiotic resistance in the pathogenic foodborne bacteria isolated from raw kebab and hamburger: phenotypic and genotypic study.

Background: In recent years, interest in the consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) food products has been increased in many countries. However, RTE products particularly those prepared by meat may be potential vehicles of antibiotic-resistance foodborne pathogens. Considering kebab and hamburger are the most popular RTE meat products in Iran, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of common foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp.

Corrigendum to "The effect of pollen on the expression of , and genes, and sperm parameters of fertile and infertile men: A controlled clinical trial" [Int J Reprod BioMed 2021; 19: 545-558].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i6.

Mutability of mononucleotide repeats, not oxidative stress, explains the discrepancy between laboratory-accumulated mutations and the natural allele-frequency spectrum in .

Important clues about natural selection can be gleaned from discrepancies between the properties of segregating genetic variants and of mutations accumulated experimentally under minimal selection, provided the mutational process is the same in the laboratory as in nature. The base-substitution spectrum differs between laboratory mutation accumulation (MA) experiments and the standing site-frequency spectrum, which has been argued to be in part owing to increased oxidative stress in the laboratory environment. Using genome sequence data from MA lines carrying a mutation (-) that increases the cellular titer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to increased oxidative stress, we find the base-substitution spectrum is similar between -, its wild-type progenitor (N2), and another set of MA lines derived from a different wild strain (PB306).

The effect of pollen on the expression of , and genes, and sperm parameters of fertile and infertile men: A controlled clinical trial.

Background: Oxidative stress is caused by the imbalance occurring between the creation and clearance of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is responsible for 30-40% of male infertility. The positive impact of pollen (Date palm pollen, DPP) on the improvement of sperm parameters has been well documented in animal models.

Objective: For evaluating the effect(s) of DPP on sperm parameters, ROS levels, expression of antioxidant genes, and activity of antioxidant enzymes of infertile men.

The Effect of Synbiotic and Probiotic Supplementation on Mental Health Parameters in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Introduction: The purpose of this double-blind clinical trial, was to examine the effect of supplementation with the synbiotic and probiotic on the mental health, quality of life, and anemia in HD patients.

Methods: Seventy-five HD patients were randomly assigned to receive the synbiotic ( = 23) as 15 g of prebiotics, 5 g of probiotic powder containing , and (2.7 × 107 CFU/g each); probiotics ( = 23) as 5 g probiotics similar to the synbiotic group with 15 g of maltodextrin as placebo; and placebo ( = 19) as 20 g of maltodextrin.

Preconditioning and anti-apoptotic effects of Metformin and Cyclosporine-A in an isolated bile duct-ligated rat heart.

Despite all previous studies relating to the mechanism of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), the role of cirrhosis on Ischemic Preconditioning (IPC) has not yet been explored. The present study strives to assess the cardioprotective role of IPC in bile duct ligated (BDL) rats as well as the cardioprotective role of Cyclosporin-A (CsA) and Metformin (Met) in CCM. Cirrhosis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL).

Targeting MDM2 for Neuroblastoma Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activity and Mechanism of Action.

Background: Neuroblastoma is an aggressive pediatric solid tumor with an overall survival rate of <50% for patients with high-risk disease. The majority (>98%) of pathologically-diagnosed neuroblastomas have wild-type p53 with intact functional activity. However, the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) homolog, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is overexpressed in neuroblastoma and leads to inhibition of p53.

A questionnaire on factors affecting the precaution adoption process model for cervical cancer - Psychometric properties.

Background: Implementing a cervical cancer prevention program requires an exploration of certain behaviors concerning this disease. This study is aimed to evaluate the psychometrics of a questionnaire that enquired about the factors involved in Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM) for cervical cancer among suburban women in Bandar Abbas, south of Iran.

Materials And Methods: The primary draft of the questionnaire was developed with a review of the related literature on cervical cancer and the constructs affecting PAPM, with 68 items.

Targeted Brain Tumor Therapy by Inhibiting the MDM2 Oncogene: In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity and Mechanism of Action.

There is a desperate need for novel and efficacious chemotherapeutic strategies for human brain cancers. There are abundant molecular alterations along the p53 and MDM2 pathways in human glioma, which play critical roles in drug resistance. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of a novel brain-penetrating small molecule MDM2 degrader, termed SP-141.

The effect of 12 weeks of euenergetic high-protein diet in regulating appetite and body composition of women with normal-weight obesity: a randomised controlled trial.

Normal-weight obesity (NWO) syndrome is associated with metabolic diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of a high-protein (HP) v. a standard protein (SP) diet on appetite, anthropometry and body composition in NWO women.

Two Birds with One Stone: NFAT1-MDM2 Dual Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy.

The tumor suppressor p53 is believed to be the mostly studied molecule in modern biomedical research. Although p53 interacts with hundreds of molecules to exert its biological functions, there are only a few modulators regulating its expression and function, with murine double minute 2 (MDM2) playing a key role in this regard. MDM2 also contributes to malignant transformation and cancer development through p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms.

Corrigendum to "A novel inhibitor of MDM2 oncogene blocks metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma and overcomes chemoresistance" [Genes Dis 694 (2019) 419-430].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.