Genome Mining Reveals Biosynthesis of the Antifungal Lipopeptaibols, Texenomycins, through a Hybrid PKS-NRPS System, in the Fungus .

Texenomycins are a family of linear lipopeptaibols with a long polyketide side chain at the N-terminus and 21 amino acid residues at the -terminus, presenting demonstrated potential as antibiotics against plant fungal pathogens. In this study, texenomycins were identified and isolated from the fungus strain TTI-0396 and showed effective antifungal properties against two plant pathogens and . Through analysis of the whole-genome data of strain TTI-0396, we discovered a hybrid PKS-NRPS system with the polyketide synthase (PKS: TexQ), thioesterase (TexO), acyl-CoA ligase (TexI), and three nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs: TexG, TexJ, TexV) in the gene cluster that were proposed to be responsible for the biosynthesis of texenomycins and another related lipopeptaibol, lipohexin.

Sexual dysfunction among long-term survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Background: Survival rates from childhood cancer continue to increase, with an ongoing interest in long-term survivorship. Although infertility and gonadal failure are well recognized in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors, sexual dysfunction is less studied. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in HL survivors with that in matched community controls.

Fine Motor Impairment and Its Impact on Social Outcomes in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study.

Aobjective: The impact of fine motor impairment among adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) on life after treatment is unknown.

Methods: This study evaluated prevalence and utilized multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for fine motor impairment among survivors of ALL, and associations with educational attainment and social independence. Latent class analysis defined social independence (independent, moderately independent, dependent), using employment, independent living, personal care assistance, routine need assistance, driver's license status, and marital status inputs.

Deciphering the role of rhizosphere microbiota in modulating disease resistance in cabbage varieties.

Background: Cabbage Fusarium wilt (CFW) is a devastating disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc).

Development of hybrid polyvinylpyrrolidone/carboxymethyl cellulose/collagen incorporated oregano scaffolds via direct ink write printing for potential wound healing applications.

Additive manufacturing can develop regenerative scaffolds for wound healing. 3D printing offers meticulous porosity, mechanical integrity, cell adhesion and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we prepared ink composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), collagen, and oregano extract for the fabrication of tissue constructs.

Ecological momentary assessment and cue-elicited drug craving as primary endpoints: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial testing the efficacy of a GLP-1 receptor agonist in opioid use disorder.

Background: Despite continuing advancements in treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD), continued high rates of relapse indicate the need for more effective approaches, including novel pharmacological interventions. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) provide a promising avenue as a non-opioid medication for the treatment of OUD. Whereas GLP-1RAs have shown promise as a treatment for alcohol and nicotine use disorders, to date, no controlled clinical trials have been conducted to determine if a GLP-1RA can reduce craving in individuals with OUD.

Motor and sensory impairment in survivors of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE).

Background: Survivors of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors can develop motor and sensory impairment from their cancer and treatment history. We estimated the prevalence of motor and sensory impairment in survivors compared with controls through clinical assessment and identified associated treatment exposures and functional, quality of life (QOL), and social outcomes.

Methods: Survivors of childhood CNS tumors from the St.

Using neurocognitive phenotypes to inform interventions for adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Background: Neurocognitive impairments are sequelae of childhood cancer treatment, however little guidance is given to clinicians on common phenotypes of impairment or modifiable risk factors that could lead to personalized interventions in survivorship.

Methods: Standardized clinical testing of neurocognitive function was conducted in 2958 (74.1%) eligible survivors, who were at least 5 years postdiagnosis and aged older than 18 years, and 477 community controls.

Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome and Dentato-Thalamo-Cortical Tract Disruption in Diffusion Tractography Following Surgery for Medulloblastoma.

Background Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS), a complication following medulloblastoma surgery, has been linked to dentato-thalamo-cortical tract (DTCT) injury; the association of the degree of DTCT injury with severity of CMS-related symptoms has not been investigated. Purpose To investigate the association between severity of CMS-related symptoms and degree and patterns of DTCT injury with use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and if laterality of injury influences neurologic symptoms. Materials and Methods This retrospective case-control study used prospectively collected clinical and DTI data on patients with medulloblastoma enrolled in a clinical trial (between July 2016 and February 2020) and healthy controls (between April and November 2017), matched with the age range of the participants with medulloblastoma.

Nematicidal glycosylated resorcylic acid lactones from the fungus PC-170 and their key biosynthetic genes.

Chemical study of the nematicidal biocontrol fungus PC-170 led to discovery of six resorcylic acid lactones (RALs), including three nematicidal glycosylated RALs, monocillin VI glycoside , colletogloeolactone A and monocillin II glycoside , and three antibacterial non-glycosylated RALs, monocillin VI , monocillin IV and monocillin II . The planar structure of the new compound monocillin VI glycoside was elucidated using HRESIMS and NMR data, and its monosaccharide configuration was further determined through sugar hydrolysis experiment and GC-MS analysis method. Furthermore, their two biosynthetic-related PKS genes, and , were identified through the gene knockout experiment.

Rice false smut pathogen: implications for mycotoxin contamination, current status, and future perspectives.

Rice serves as a staple food across various continents worldwide. The rice plant faces significant threats from a range of fungal, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Among these, rice false smut disease (RFS) caused by is one of the devastating diseases in rice fields.

Secondary cerebro-cerebellar and intra-cerebellar dysfunction in cerebellar mutism syndrome.

Background: Cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is characterized by deficits of speech, movement, and affect that can occur following tumor removal from the posterior fossa. The role of cerebro-cerebellar tract injuries in the etiology of CMS remains unclear, with recent studies suggesting that cerebro-cerebellar dysfunction may be related to chronic, rather than transient, symptomatology.

Methods: We measured functional connectivity between the cerebellar cortex and functional nodes throughout the brain using fMRI acquired after tumor removal but prior to adjuvant therapy in a cohort of 70 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma.

Insights into the molecular mechanism of Trichoderma stimulating plant growth and immunity against phytopathogens.

Trichoderma species have received significant interest as beneficial fungi for boosting plant growth and immunity against phytopathogens. By establishing a mutualistic relationship with plants, Trichoderma causes a series of intricate signaling events that eventually promote plant growth and improve disease resistance. The mechanisms contain the indirect or direct involvement of Trichoderma in enhancing plant growth by modulating phytohormones signaling pathways, improving uptake and accumulation of nutrients, and increasing soil bioavailability of nutrients.

Application of the Rotterdam postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome prediction model in patients undergoing surgery for medulloblastoma in a single institution.

Objective: Postoperative cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) develops in up to 40% of children with medulloblastoma. The Rotterdam model (RM) has been reported to predict a 66% risk of CMS in patients with a score of ≥ 100. The aim of this study was to retrospectively apply the RM to an independent cohort of patients with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma and study the applicability of the RM in predicting postoperative CMS.

6-Pentyl-2-pyran-2-one from Is Fungicidal against Litchi Downy Blight Pathogen and Preservation of Litchi.

The postharvest losses of litchi caused by litchi downy blight are considerably high. We identified a natural antifungal volatile pyrone, 6-pentyl-2-pyran-2-one (6PP), synthesized by LS019-2 and investigated as biocontrol for litchi downy blight and preservation. 6PP significantly inhibited the growth and sporangial germination of , the causal agent of litchi downy blight, and caused severe cellular and intracellular destructions, as evidenced by electron microscopic analysis.

Neurocognitive impairment associated with chronic morbidity in long-term survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Thoracic radiation is associated with significant cardiopulmonary morbidities in survivors of long-term Hodgkin lymphoma and may affect neurocognitive outcomes. Survivors (N = 204; 52.5% female; mean [standard deviation] age, 36.

The Role of Polymer Chain Stiffness and Guest Nanoparticle Loading in Improving the Glass Transition Temperature of Polymer Nanocomposites.

The impact of polymer chain stiffness characterized by the bending modulus () on the glass transition temperature () of pure polymer systems, as well as polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. At small values, the pure polymer system and respective PNCs are in an amorphous state, whereas at large values, both systems are in a semicrystalline state with a glass transition at low temperature. For the pure polymer system, initially increases with and does not change obviously at large .

Mitigating Cd and bacterial wilt stress in tomato plants through trico-synthesized silicon nanoparticles and Trichoderma metabolites.

There has been a growing apprehension in recent years about the harmful effects of environmental pollutants on agricultural output, encompassing both living organisms and non-living factors that cause stress. In this study, the soil application of bulk silicon (Si), silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) and Trichoderma metabolites (TM) were investigated alone or in combination for the management of an important abiotic stress i.e.

Cerebellar mutism is linked to midbrain volatility and desynchronization from speech cortices.

Cerebellar mutism syndrome is a disorder of speech, movement and affect that can occur after tumour removal from the posterior fossa. Projections from the fastigial nuclei to the periaqueductal grey area were recently implicated in its pathogenesis, but the functional consequences of damaging these projections remain poorly understood. Here, we examine functional MRI data from patients treated for medulloblastoma to identify functional changes in key brain areas that comprise the motor system for speech, which occur along the timeline of acute speech impairment in cerebellar mutism syndrome.

First report of whole genome sequence of septicemic Pasteurella multocida serovar B:2 'Soron' strain isolated from swine.

Pig pasteurellosis, caused by Pasteurella multocida, is an acute infection that also has economic implications for pig farmers. We report the complete genome sequence of a P. multocida, serovar B:2 'Soron' strain isolated from the blood of a pig that had died of pasteurellosis in India.